Tag: homeostasis

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment. Homeostasis is maintained by the hypothalamus with the help of negative feedback loops that counteract changes of many characteristics from their set points. For example, when there is a rise in body temperature a negative feedback loop will bring it back to normal towards the set point of 37.5$^o$ C. Hence homeostasis is necessary for the well-being of individual cells and of the entire body. Thus the correct answer is option B.

Global warming has not been uniform across the planet. Polar regions, especially the Arctic, have experienced temperature increases 2-3 times greater than the global average, a phenomenon known as polar amplification. This occurs due to feedback effects like melting ice reducing albedo and increased heat absorption by darker ocean surfaces.

Our body needs to maintain a 37°C to function properly. If it drops it could damage our organs or brain, so to stop this happening, our body strictly regulates temperature. Shivering is an involuntary pattern of repetitive, rhythmic muscle contractions. This twitching exercise produces heat, which helps to raise body temperature. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Diencephalon consists of thalamus and hypothalamus. Thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory impulses as well as integration centre for recognition of pain, temperature and hard touch. The thermostat centre for temperature control is present in the hypothalamus. Hypothalamus maintains the constant human body temperature by regulation of the diameter of blood vessels (constriction or dilation), shivering and sweating mechanisms. The pituitary gland is also known as hypophysis. The pituitary gland is mainly concerned with growth and development of organism via its growth hormone and with the regulation of secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands via its tropic hormones. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

When the external temperature is low, the hypothalamus (the body's thermostat) triggers mechanisms to conserve and generate heat, such as vasoconstriction (to reduce heat loss at the skin) and shivering (to generate heat via muscle activity).

• Homeothermy or homeothermy is thermoregulation that maintains a stable internal body temperature regardless of external influence.
• Hypothalamus is the built-in thermostat present in the homeothermic animal's body.
• The hypothalamus controls the body's responses to the outside temperature. When you get hot, you sweat.
  
• Hence Animals with built-in thermostat are Homeothermic.
• So,  the correct answer is 'Homeothermic'.

The final passageway for urine out of the bladder is through the thin walled urethra. This tube runs from the base of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

Malpighian tubules are found lining the gut of some species of arthropods, such as the bee. They are usually found in pairs and the number of tubules varies with the species of insect. Malpighian tubules are convoluted, which increases their surface area, and they are lined with microvilli for reabsorption and maintenance of osmotic balance. Malpighian tubules work cooperatively with specialized glands in the wall of the rectum.

The nitrogen-containing compounds excreted by the sculpin, starry flounder, and blue sea-perch were profusely under research. Approximately four-fifths of the nitrogenous material was excreted via the gills. Ammonia and urea were the main components of the excreta in all three species.