Tag: natural selection

Questions Related to natural selection

State whether the following statements are true or false .
Boiled potato tuber cannot be used for potato osmoscope experiment

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

On boiling, most of the cells of the potato become dead. Due to this the cells become inactive and cannot undergo the process of osmosis. When there is no osmosis the water level inside the cavity of potato shows no change.

So, the given statement is true. 

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Fitness is an important concept in natural selection. Fitness is most properly a property of

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. an individual

  2. a genotype

  3. a species

  4. a phenotype

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Natural selection, the process that results in the adaptation of an organism to its environment by means of selectively reproducing changes in its genotype or genetic constitution.

So correct answer is B, a genotype

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
The offspring of better-adapted individuals are expected to make up a larger proportion of the next generation. The.most likely explanation is

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. genetic drift

  2. mutation

  3. natural selection

  4. gene flow

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

As the natural selection a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals with other traits. So correct answer is C, natural selection.

The peppered moth used to be a light colour with black spots. When the atmosphere in London became filled with soot because of the Industrial Revolution, the white trees became darker and light coloured moths were eaten by birds more readily. Within months, moths became darker and lighter moths were rare. After the Industrial revolution, light coloured moths were found in greater numbers. The given example can be related to 

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Adaptive radiation

  2. Natural selection

  3. Convergent evolution

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The given example is of natural selection. According to the theory of natural selection, nature supports the survival of the fittest. It means, only those individuals will survive who adapt themselves to the change in the environment. In the given case, moths changed their colour to adapt themselves according to the change in the environment. They were selected by the nature as fittest. So, the correct option is B.

Which of the following traits accounts for natural selection?

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Skeletal Adaptations

  2. Coloration

  3. Physiological traits

  4. All of the bove

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Natural selection is the one of the most accepted theory of evolution of species. According to this theory, nature supports the survival of the fittest who adapts according to the change in the environment. It was given by Darwin. He also said that a population will show change in genetic traits over many generations, that help it remain best suited to the environment. For example, skeletal adaptations of long neck in giraffe, change in colouration in peppered moth, physiological changes in humans to digest the cow's milk (lactose tolerance). So, the correct option is D.

Which of the following statement is incorrect ?

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. The biogenetic law stating 'Ontogeny repeats phylogeny ' was given by Von Baer.

  2. Auricular muscles in human beings are vestigial

  3. Tooth buds and gill clefts found in bird embryos are temporary embryonic structrues.

  4. Spiny and scaly anteaters show adaptive convergene

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The biogenetic law stating 'Ontogeny repeats phylogeny ' was given by Ernst Haeckel. Auricular muscles, wisdom teeth, appendix, tailbone, body hair are some vestigial organs in human beings. Embryos of some animals develop temporary non-functional embryonic structures which disappear before hatching. Tooth buds are examples of temporary embryonic structures found in bird embryos. Gill clefts are temporary embryonic structures found in embryos of land vertebrates. Spiny anteater and scaly anteater show adaptive convergence. These are not closely related but are adapted for the diet of ants, termites and other insects.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Choose the correct statement.

zoology variation examples of natural selection selection natural selection

  1. Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable

  2. Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive.

  3. The black peppered moth during industrial revolution is related to natural selection.

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Darwin's Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. More individuals are produced each generation that can survive. Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable. Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive. There is also a naturally occurring genetic mutation which causes some moths to have almost black wings.

So, the correct answer is "All of the above".

Which is the source of variations?

botany classical genetics variation and its type natural selection introduction to genetics

  1. Mutation

  2. Recombination

  3. Deletion

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mutations, recombinations and deletions all are the sources of genetic variation. A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene. Recombination involves the exchange of genetic material either between multiple chromosomes or between different regions of the same chromosome. Deletion is a mutation in which a part of a chromosome or a DNA sequence is missing. 

The variations are caused by 

botany classical genetics variation and its type natural selection introduction to genetics

  1. Internal changes

  2. Environment

  3. Hybridization

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Variations can be defined as the difference in characters among the individuals of same species, it gets affected by internal changes, environmental changes, hybridization etc.

So, the correct answer is "All of the above".

Which is a source of variation and genetic diversity that is shared between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

botany classical genetics variation and its type natural selection introduction to genetics

  1. Random fertilization involving a unique sperm and a unique egg

  2. Independent assortment of each chromosome pair during metaphase I of meiosis

  3. Crossing-over during prophase I of meiosis

  4. Random mutation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The genetic material in prokaryotes is not confined into a nucleus and they do not have a nuclear membrane and the genetic material is present in the form of chromatin and cytoplasm and there is no chance of crossing over during meiosis and no fertilization but random mutations do arise in them and it results change in the genetic material.

So, the correct option is 'Random mutation'