Tag: human physiology

Questions Related to human physiology

Bartholin's glands are situated _________________.

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. On the either side of Vagina in Humans

  2. On either side of Vas deferens in Humans

  3. On either side of Penis in Humans

  4. On either side of Fallopian tube in Humans

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bartholin's glands are a pair of small glands situated on each side of the vaginal opening in human females. They secrete a thick, viscid secretion for lubrication during copulation.

Oophorocystosis is

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. Disorder of female reproductive system

  2. Stage in the production of ovum

  3. Disorder in male reproductive system

  4. Stage in the production of sperms

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Oophorocystosis is the disorder of ovaries in which formation of cysts. These are small egg follicles that don't grow to ovulation and are the result of altered hormone levels.

So the correct option is 'Disorder of female reproductive system'.

Which one of these is not an accessory gland in male reproductive system?

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. Prostate gland

  2. Seminal vesicle

  3. Cowper's gland

  4. Bartholin's gland

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bartholin's glands are present in the female reproductive system and are homologous to the bulbourethral glands in males. Their basic function is to secrete mucus and lubricate the vagina. They are basically two pea-sized glands and are also known as greater vestibular glands and are present symmetrically in the posterior region of the vaginal opening. 

The correct answer is 'Bartholin's gland'.

Name the hormone that has no role in menstruation.

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. LH

  2. FSH

  3. Estradiol

  4. TSH

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Correct Option: D

In human adult females oxytocin

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. stimulates pituitary to secrete vasopressin

  2. causes strong uterine contractions during parturition

  3. is secreted by anterior pituitary

  4. simulates growth of mammary glands.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In human adult female oxytocin is a hormone released by the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis), that causes contraction of the uterine muscles during labour.

Which event becomes possible due to formation of egg membrane?

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. Sperm can enter into ovum

  2. Prevents entry of other sperms in to ovum

  3. Prevents the process of fertilization so pregnancy is prevented

  4. Makes fertilization process possible and causes pregnancy

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The sperm that successfully reaches the secondary oocyte is initially prevented entry by both corona radiata and the zona pellucida. When the sperm reaches the corona radiata, their motility allows the sperm to push through the cell layers. After the sperm has made a pathway through the corona radiata, they release digestive enzymes from their acrosomes to penetrate the zona pellucida. When one sperm successfully penetrates the zona pellucida and its nucleus enters the secondary oocyte, immediate changes occur in both the zona pellucida and the oocyte, so that no other sperm can enter. In essence, the zona pellucida hardens, preventing entry of other sperms into the ovum. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

After birth, colostrum is released from mammary glands which is rich in

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. fat and low in proteins

  2. proteins and low in fat

  3. proteins, antibodies and low in fat

  4. proteins, fat and low in antbodies.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

After birth, the first milk released by mammary glands is called colostrum. It is released for 2-3 days. It is thin, yellowish fluid containing cells from the alveoli of glandular tissue of mammary glands and is rich in protein, antibodies, but low in fat.

Ova are released from ovary under the effect of LH-Hormones, after which of the following event.

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. Before meiosis and production of polar body

  2. Meiosis-I and before production of polar body

  3. Meiosis and at the time of production of polar body

  4. Meiosis II and after the formation of polar body

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Primary oocyte undergoes meiosis 1 and the first polar body and secondary oocyte are produced. Secondary oocyte which is arrested at metaphase 2 develops into the graffian follicle and after the secretion of the LH hormone occurs which leads to ovulation.

So the correct option is 'meiosis II and after the formation of the polar body'.

If mammalian ovum fails to get fertilised, which one of the following is unlikely?

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. Corpus luteum will disintegrate.

  2. Progesterone secretion rapidly declines.

  3. Estrogen secretion increases.

  4. Primary follicle starts developing.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

If the ovum fails to get fertilised, then corpus luteum (source of progesterone and estrogen) will disintegrate resulting in a decrease in the level of progesterone and estrogen. Thus, the endometrial lining of the uterus sloughs off and menstruation begins, marking a new cycle.

Luteinizing hormone is responsible for 

female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

  1. Ovulation and formation of corpus luteum

  2. Controlling activity of corpus luteum

  3. Development of mammary glands

  4. Growth of female reproductive organs

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

LH is secreted by anterior pituitary which inhibits secretion of FSH, stimulate maturation and rupture of Graafian follicle and release of ovum. LH also stimulates the formation of corpus luteum (the luteal/secretory phase; days 15-28) from ovulated Graafian follicle which in turn secretes estrogens and progesterone. In absence of implantation, progesterone and estrogens exerts negative feedback control over the anterior pituitary’s secretion of LH and causes degeneration of corpus luteum in the ovary. The lower progesterone level, as caused by disintegration of corpus luteum, results in disintegration of endometrium thereby initiating the next menstrual cycle. Thus, corpus luteum activity is under the regulation of estrogen and progesterone via negative feedback control. LTH (luteotropic hormone/prolactin) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and targets mammary gland to stimulate breast development and milk production after baby birth. Estrogens serves to stimulate the growth of the uterus and the vagina, is necessary for egg maturation as well as for the development of the secondary sex characteristics in females. Thus, the correct answer is A.