English Language

Writing and Communication Skills

1,426 Questions

This hub tests writing techniques, essay structuring, and effective communication skills. It includes practical exercises on vocabulary replacement, drafting passages, and formatting reports. These English language questions appear in most competitive exams.

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Writing and Communication Skills Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the best sentence to insert at the beginning of the second paragraph?

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Passage – IV
(1) Blowing bubbles in my open water class, I’ve logged over 100 dives. (2)This love for diving has evolved into an intense passion towards protecting the ocean, and all of its inhabitants. (3) I’ve chosen to put my love for the ocean into action, as an environmentalist. (4)  Actually, this passion extends out towards efforts that took to help all the planetary domains gain protection.  (5) As such, I appreciate when others take the time educate me on those other realms for which I know less about.  (6) To be an environmentalist, one must choose the cause which resonates within ones sole, and run with it. (7) One must be willing to educate people about the environment.(8) And educate those people who support other causes. (9)  Together we can help each other towards learning how to become a true “Environmentalist”.(10)  We must all encourage positive collaboration and education as opposed to being against something. (11)  For example, sharks are being decimated to near extinction simply for their fins. (12)  The fins are used to make Shark Fin soup, a delicacy popular particularly in Taiwan and Singapore.  (13) It would be easy to blame these communities for creating the demand. (14) However in conversing with Asian environmentalists, they liken the culture around eating Shark Fin soup to the culture surrounding Americans eating turkey for Thanksgiving dinner. (15) There are continuous  and progressing efforts to educate these people, by members of their own community, on just how dangerous his cultural practice is and the devastating impact this could have on their (our) world if all the sharks were to disappears as a result.
(16) Famous restaurants have taken endangered Swordfish off their menus, these same restaurants are buying wild-caught salmon (and boosting the economy of local fisheries in the process), laundromats have started selling green detergent, this just to name a few of these enlightened changes.  (17) This is how the “Environmentalist” can begin the revolution. (18)  Just find something you believe in and make a stand.  (19)  One by one, we can make our planet a cleaner place to live, steeped in healthy bio-diversity for generations to come. 

  1. Environmentalists everywhere are making a difference.

  2. Besides my love for diving, savoring sea food is my passion.

  3. Environmentalists should also obtain education on sea–food cuisines.

  4. Fishery market needs to be revamped and revised.

  5. To preserve the endangered species, we must switch to other options available in the market.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Sentences 16 – 19 suggest the influence of ‘environmentalists’ in the restaurants also, which indicates the diverse working range environmentalists. Option (A) fits our prediction, hence the answer.

Multiple choice

The author wishes to divide the first paragraph into two shorter paragraphs. The most appropriate place to begin a new paragraph would be

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Passage – IV
(1) Blowing bubbles in my open water class, I’ve logged over 100 dives. (2)This love for diving has evolved into an intense passion towards protecting the ocean, and all of its inhabitants. (3) I’ve chosen to put my love for the ocean into action, as an environmentalist. (4)  Actually, this passion extends out towards efforts that took to help all the planetary domains gain protection.  (5) As such, I appreciate when others take the time educate me on those other realms for which I know less about.  (6) To be an environmentalist, one must choose the cause which resonates within ones sole, and run with it. (7) One must be willing to educate people about the environment.(8) And educate those people who support other causes. (9)  Together we can help each other towards learning how to become a true “Environmentalist”.(10)  We must all encourage positive collaboration and education as opposed to being against something. (11)  For example, sharks are being decimated to near extinction simply for their fins. (12)  The fins are used to make Shark Fin soup, a delicacy popular particularly in Taiwan and Singapore.  (13) It would be easy to blame these communities for creating the demand. (14) However in conversing with Asian environmentalists, they liken the culture around eating Shark Fin soup to the culture surrounding Americans eating turkey for Thanksgiving dinner. (15) There are continuous  and progressing efforts to educate these people, by members of their own community, on just how dangerous his cultural practice is and the devastating impact this could have on their (our) world if all the sharks were to disappears as a result.
(16) Famous restaurants have taken endangered Swordfish off their menus, these same restaurants are buying wild-caught salmon (and boosting the economy of local fisheries in the process), laundromats have started selling green detergent, this just to name a few of these enlightened changes.  (17) This is how the “Environmentalist” can begin the revolution. (18)  Just find something you believe in and make a stand.  (19)  One by one, we can make our planet a cleaner place to live, steeped in healthy bio-diversity for generations to come. 

  1. Sentence 3

  2. Sentence 6

  3. Sentence 9

  4. Sentence 10

  5. Sentence 13

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Option (D) is the answer as the author focuses on another perspective supported by example.

Multiple choice
  1. Repetition of words and phrases

  2. The use of a number of striking adjectives

  3. Repetition of words and phrases and the repetition of superlatives

  4. The use of a long sentence

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Options (1) and (4) will not make any sentence 'striking'. Usage of superlatives 'strangest', 'loveliest', 'horrifying' make it stand apart or make it 'striking'. Option (3) is a better fit than option (2). Hence option (3) is the best of the options available.

Multiple choice
  1. A description of steps already taken by the state.

  2. A description of steps needed to be taken by the state.

  3. A description of the scenario if adequate steps are not taken by the state.

  4. A description of historical past of other societies.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(C)  The last sentence of the passage is: A society that cannot take due care of such basic needs of each and every of its members is not fit to be called in the true sense of the term. The author's argument will be strengthened only if a gloomy scenario is presented unless adequate social security measures are taken by the state.

Multiple choice
  1. The sooner we find a way to dispense with these, the better it is for the student community and the system at large.

  2. But isn't examination system the real culprit?

  3. Yet, we have to give the devil its due.

  4. They should all be replaced by text books.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(A) The author has already made the recommendation in sentence (8). The sooner we act on the suggestion, the better. He does not give study notes any credit. That rules out (C) and (E). He doesn't blame the examination system, nor is there any reference to text books.

Multiple choice
  1. Some presentations, which provide useful information, are not worth showing in colleges.

  2. All presentations that are boring provide useful information.

  3. Some presentations that are worth showing in colleges are boring.

  4. Some presentations that hold the interest of students are not worth showing in colleges.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Some presentations, all of which provide useful information, are boring which means that they are not worth showing at colleges.

Multiple choice
  1. MBA entrance selection procedure will be successful if it includes essay writing.

  2. Essay writing is a more important part of a successful MBA entrance selection procedure than the aptitude test.

  3. Examiners can accurately identify aspirants who do not have skills required for a managerial career.

  4. The only purpose of essay writing is to evaluate whether the aspirant has skills required for a managerial career.

  5. The fit of aspirant’s skills to the requirements of a managerial career was once the most important factor in making selection decisions.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The argument is that essays written by MBA aspirants help identify those who do not possess the requisite skills. But this can only be true if someone examining the essay can actually identify those who lack the necessary skill. Hence (3)

Multiple choice

An essay, in a nutshell as per the passage can briefly be described as

Directions: Answer the given question based on the following passage:

There is a pleasant story of an itinerant sign-painter who while going his rounds came to a village inn upon whose signboard he had had his eye for some months and had watched with increasing hope and delight its rapid progress to blurred and faded dimness. To his horror he found a brand-new vanished sign. He surveyed it with disgust, and said to the innkeeper, who stood nervously by hoping for a professional compliment, ‘This looks as if someone had been doing it himself.’
That sentence holds within it the key to the whole mystery of essay-writing. An essay is a thing which someone does himself; and the point of the essay is not the subject, for any subject will suffice, but the charm of personality. It must concern itself with something ‘jolly’, as the schoolboy says, something smelt, heard, seen, perceived, invented, thought, but the essential thing is that the writer shall have formed his own impression, and that it shall have taken shape in his own mind; and the charm of the essay depends upon the charm of the mind that has conceived and recorded the impression. It will be seen, then, that the essay need not concern itself with anything definite; it need not have an intellectual or a philosophical or a religious or a humourous motif; but equally none of these subjects are ruled out. The only thing necessary is that the thing or the thought should be vividly apprehended, enjoyed, felt to be beautiful, and expressed with a certain gusto. It need conform to no particular rules. All literature answers to something in life, some habitual form of human expression. The stage imitates life, calling in the services of the eye and the ear; there is the narrative of the teller of tales or the minstrel; the song, the letter, the talk—all forms of human expression and communication have their antitypes in literature. The essay is the reverie, the frame of mind in which a man says, in the words of the old song, ‘Says I to myself, says I’.
It is generally supposed that Montaigne is the first writer who wrote what may technically be called essays. His pieces are partly autobiographical, partly speculative, and to a great extent ethical. But the roots of his writings lie far back in literary history. He owed a great part of his inspiration to Cicero, who treated of abstract topics in a conversational way with a romantic background; and this he owed to Plato, whose dialogues undoubtedly contain the germ of both the novel and the essay. Plato is in truth far more the forerunner of the novelist than of the philosopher. He made a background of life, he peopled his scenes with bright boys and amiable elders—oh that all scenes were so peopled!—and he discussed ethical and speculative problems of life and character with a vital rather than with a philosophical interest. Plato’s dialogues would be essays but for the fact that they have a dramatic colouring, while the essence of essay is soliloquy. But in the writings of Cicero the dramatic interest is but slight, and the whole thing approaches far more nearly to the essay than to the novel. Probably Cicero supplied to his readers the function both of the essayist and the preacher, and fed the needs of so-called thoughtful readers by dallying, in a fashion which it is hardly unjust to call twaddling, with familiar ethical problems of conduct and character. The charm of Montaigne is the charm of personality—frankness, gusto, acute observation, lively acquaintance with men and manners. He is ashamed of recording nothing that interested him; and a certain discreet shamelessness must always be the characteristic of the essayist, for the essence of his art is to say what has pleased him without too prudently considering whether it is worthy of the attention of the well-informed mind. (AC Benson’s The Art of the Essayist)

 

  1. record of an impression

  2. an idea conceived

  3. charm of the mind

  4. an ethical piece of writing

  5. containing germs of novel

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The important thing about an essay is that the writer should have conceived and recorded his impression about a thing. This is the answer.

Multiple choice

Instead of beginning with a definition at the very outset, the author recounts a story of an itinerant sign-painter. What objective(s), if any, does the author achieve by this? A. Quite effectively, he draws the readers attention to the avaricious nature of a sign-painter. B. He draws the readers immediate attention to the personal element in essay writing. C. It was customary then that such sign paints were carried out by professionals.

Directions: Answer the given question based on the following passage:

There is a pleasant story of an itinerant sign-painter who while going his rounds came to a village inn upon whose signboard he had had his eye for some months and had watched with increasing hope and delight its rapid progress to blurred and faded dimness. To his horror he found a brand-new vanished sign. He surveyed it with disgust, and said to the innkeeper, who stood nervously by hoping for a professional compliment, ‘This looks as if someone had been doing it himself.’
That sentence holds within it the key to the whole mystery of essay-writing. An essay is a thing which someone does himself; and the point of the essay is not the subject, for any subject will suffice, but the charm of personality. It must concern itself with something ‘jolly’, as the schoolboy says, something smelt, heard, seen, perceived, invented, thought, but the essential thing is that the writer shall have formed his own impression, and that it shall have taken shape in his own mind; and the charm of the essay depends upon the charm of the mind that has conceived and recorded the impression. It will be seen, then, that the essay need not concern itself with anything definite; it need not have an intellectual or a philosophical or a religious or a humourous motif; but equally none of these subjects are ruled out. The only thing necessary is that the thing or the thought should be vividly apprehended, enjoyed, felt to be beautiful, and expressed with a certain gusto. It need conform to no particular rules. All literature answers to something in life, some habitual form of human expression. The stage imitates life, calling in the services of the eye and the ear; there is the narrative of the teller of tales or the minstrel; the song, the letter, the talk—all forms of human expression and communication have their antitypes in literature. The essay is the reverie, the frame of mind in which a man says, in the words of the old song, ‘Says I to myself, says I’.
It is generally supposed that Montaigne is the first writer who wrote what may technically be called essays. His pieces are partly autobiographical, partly speculative, and to a great extent ethical. But the roots of his writings lie far back in literary history. He owed a great part of his inspiration to Cicero, who treated of abstract topics in a conversational way with a romantic background; and this he owed to Plato, whose dialogues undoubtedly contain the germ of both the novel and the essay. Plato is in truth far more the forerunner of the novelist than of the philosopher. He made a background of life, he peopled his scenes with bright boys and amiable elders—oh that all scenes were so peopled!—and he discussed ethical and speculative problems of life and character with a vital rather than with a philosophical interest. Plato’s dialogues would be essays but for the fact that they have a dramatic colouring, while the essence of essay is soliloquy. But in the writings of Cicero the dramatic interest is but slight, and the whole thing approaches far more nearly to the essay than to the novel. Probably Cicero supplied to his readers the function both of the essayist and the preacher, and fed the needs of so-called thoughtful readers by dallying, in a fashion which it is hardly unjust to call twaddling, with familiar ethical problems of conduct and character. The charm of Montaigne is the charm of personality—frankness, gusto, acute observation, lively acquaintance with men and manners. He is ashamed of recording nothing that interested him; and a certain discreet shamelessness must always be the characteristic of the essayist, for the essence of his art is to say what has pleased him without too prudently considering whether it is worthy of the attention of the well-informed mind. (AC Benson’s The Art of the Essayist)

 

  1. Only A

  2. Only B

  3. Only C

  4. Both A and B

  5. Both B and C

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

‘B’ is correct, since the personal element in essay writing is the sum and substance of this passage. The recounting of the story sets the tone and prepares the readers for the onward journey into the realm of essay writing. This objective is successfully and effectively achieved.

Multiple choice

What, according to the passage, is the essence of an essay?

Directions: Answer the given question based on the following passage:

There is a pleasant story of an itinerant sign-painter who while going his rounds came to a village inn upon whose signboard he had had his eye for some months and had watched with increasing hope and delight its rapid progress to blurred and faded dimness. To his horror he found a brand-new vanished sign. He surveyed it with disgust, and said to the innkeeper, who stood nervously by hoping for a professional compliment, ‘This looks as if someone had been doing it himself.’
That sentence holds within it the key to the whole mystery of essay-writing. An essay is a thing which someone does himself; and the point of the essay is not the subject, for any subject will suffice, but the charm of personality. It must concern itself with something ‘jolly’, as the schoolboy says, something smelt, heard, seen, perceived, invented, thought, but the essential thing is that the writer shall have formed his own impression, and that it shall have taken shape in his own mind; and the charm of the essay depends upon the charm of the mind that has conceived and recorded the impression. It will be seen, then, that the essay need not concern itself with anything definite; it need not have an intellectual or a philosophical or a religious or a humourous motif; but equally none of these subjects are ruled out. The only thing necessary is that the thing or the thought should be vividly apprehended, enjoyed, felt to be beautiful, and expressed with a certain gusto. It need conform to no particular rules. All literature answers to something in life, some habitual form of human expression. The stage imitates life, calling in the services of the eye and the ear; there is the narrative of the teller of tales or the minstrel; the song, the letter, the talk—all forms of human expression and communication have their antitypes in literature. The essay is the reverie, the frame of mind in which a man says, in the words of the old song, ‘Says I to myself, says I’.
It is generally supposed that Montaigne is the first writer who wrote what may technically be called essays. His pieces are partly autobiographical, partly speculative, and to a great extent ethical. But the roots of his writings lie far back in literary history. He owed a great part of his inspiration to Cicero, who treated of abstract topics in a conversational way with a romantic background; and this he owed to Plato, whose dialogues undoubtedly contain the germ of both the novel and the essay. Plato is in truth far more the forerunner of the novelist than of the philosopher. He made a background of life, he peopled his scenes with bright boys and amiable elders—oh that all scenes were so peopled!—and he discussed ethical and speculative problems of life and character with a vital rather than with a philosophical interest. Plato’s dialogues would be essays but for the fact that they have a dramatic colouring, while the essence of essay is soliloquy. But in the writings of Cicero the dramatic interest is but slight, and the whole thing approaches far more nearly to the essay than to the novel. Probably Cicero supplied to his readers the function both of the essayist and the preacher, and fed the needs of so-called thoughtful readers by dallying, in a fashion which it is hardly unjust to call twaddling, with familiar ethical problems of conduct and character. The charm of Montaigne is the charm of personality—frankness, gusto, acute observation, lively acquaintance with men and manners. He is ashamed of recording nothing that interested him; and a certain discreet shamelessness must always be the characteristic of the essayist, for the essence of his art is to say what has pleased him without too prudently considering whether it is worthy of the attention of the well-informed mind. (AC Benson’s The Art of the Essayist)

 

  1. Dialogue

  2. Philosophy

  3. Soliloquy

  4. Bantering

  5. Intellect

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Soliloquy is the essence, says the author and the prime reason is that it involves personal element. As essay would not be an essay if there is no personal element involved and soliloquy ensures that. This is the right answer.

Multiple choice

An essay, in a nutshell, as per the passage, can briefly be described as

Directions: Answer the given question based on the following passage:

There is a pleasant story of an itinerant sign-painter who while going his rounds came to a village inn upon whose signboard he had had his eye for some months and had watched with increasing hope and delight its rapid progress to blurred and faded dimness. To his horror he found a brand-new vanished sign. He surveyed it with disgust, and said to the innkeeper, who stood nervously by hoping for a professional compliment, ‘This looks as if someone had been doing it himself.’
That sentence holds within it the key to the whole mystery of essay-writing. An essay is a thing which someone does himself; and the point of the essay is not the subject, for any subject will suffice, but the charm of personality. It must concern itself with something ‘jolly’, as the schoolboy says, something smelt, heard, seen, perceived, invented, thought, but the essential thing is that the writer shall have formed his own impression, and that it shall have taken shape in his own mind; and the charm of the essay depends upon the charm of the mind that has conceived and recorded the impression. It will be seen, then, that the essay need not concern itself with anything definite; it need not have an intellectual or a philosophical or a religious or a humourous motif; but equally none of these subjects are ruled out. The only thing necessary is that the thing or the thought should be vividly apprehended, enjoyed, felt to be beautiful, and expressed with a certain gusto. It need conform to no particular rules. All literature answers to something in life, some habitual form of human expression. The stage imitates life, calling in the services of the eye and the ear; there is the narrative of the teller of tales or the minstrel; the song, the letter, the talk—all forms of human expression and communication have their antitypes in literature. The essay is the reverie, the frame of mind in which a man says, in the words of the old song, ‘Says I to myself, says I’.
It is generally supposed that Montaigne is the first writer who wrote what may technically be called essays. His pieces are partly autobiographical, partly speculative, and to a great extent ethical. But the roots of his writings lie far back in literary history. He owed a great part of his inspiration to Cicero, who treated of abstract topics in a conversational way with a romantic background; and this he owed to Plato, whose dialogues undoubtedly contain the germ of both the novel and the essay. Plato is in truth far more the forerunner of the novelist than of the philosopher. He made a background of life, he peopled his scenes with bright boys and amiable elders—oh that all scenes were so peopled!—and he discussed ethical and speculative problems of life and character with a vital rather than with a philosophical interest. Plato’s dialogues would be essays but for the fact that they have a dramatic colouring, while the essence of essay is soliloquy. But in the writings of Cicero the dramatic interest is but slight, and the whole thing approaches far more nearly to the essay than to the novel. Probably Cicero supplied to his readers the function both of the essayist and the preacher, and fed the needs of so-called thoughtful readers by dallying, in a fashion which it is hardly unjust to call twaddling, with familiar ethical problems of conduct and character. The charm of Montaigne is the charm of personality—frankness, gusto, acute observation, lively acquaintance with men and manners. He is ashamed of recording nothing that interested him; and a certain discreet shamelessness must always be the characteristic of the essayist, for the essence of his art is to say what has pleased him without too prudently considering whether it is worthy of the attention of the well-informed mind. (AC Benson’s The Art of the Essayist)

 

  1. record of an impression

  2. an idea conceived

  3. charm of the mind

  4. an ethical piece of writing

  5. containing germs of novel

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The important thing about an essay is that the writer should have conceived and recorded his impression about a thing. This is the answer.

Multiple choice
  1. CBAD

  2. ABCD

  3. BACD

  4. DCBA

  5. BADC

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The passage is about historical criticism. It ought to begin not with B, but with C that lays down the difficulties encountered in such a field. A is a direct reference to the science of historical criticism. D concludes. Hence, CBAD.

Multiple choice
  1. Grammar as a subject has rarely found many interested students.

  2. Few students would like to involve themselves with grammar.

  3. Not many students are interested in grammar.

  4. Grammar doesn't interest too many students because it is boring.

  5. Grammar interests few.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The most concise and direct statement is (3). Option (5) is incomplete and unclear.

Multiple choice

Which of the following if placed after sentence (11) will be the most effective concluding sentence for the passage?

Directions: Read the passage and select the best answer for the question:

(1) Research in education has of recent years turned its attention to the problem of assessing a student’s progress as accurately as possible. (2) Only when this is done, can a meaningful course of study be laid down and a student helped to recognize his difficulties and overcome it. (3) But, despite all the new thinking on this subject, there is still no acceptable alternative to the examination. (4) There have been remarkable advances in analyzing the process of learning and in framing tests and maintaining week to week records which provide the teacher with valuable information about the progress of his class and of each individual in it. (5) Whether it be at the end of term, or the year, or at the end of a school course or for the purpose of choosing candidates for a course of study and training, the only practicable way of measuring a student’s performance or of assessing his potential is by an examination, supplemented where necessary, by recommendation, interview and other devices.
(6) The most unfortunate by-product of this has been the proliferation of study notes, guides to passing examination, model answers, hints for writing essays and similar travesties of education. (7) There is no need to engage on the unethical nature of these publications. (8) From the student’s point of view a rigorous censorship of this kind of publication would be a great advantage. (9) For one thing these ‘notes’ promote the habit of rote learning. (10) For the other, they are priced more highly than the poems of Wordsworth or the plays of Shakespeare. (11) They are not worth the paper they are printed on.

 

  1. The sooner we find a way to dispense with these, the better it is for the student community and the system at large.

  2. But isn't examination system the real culprit?

  3. Yet, we have to give the devil its due.

  4. They should all be replaced by text books.

  5. They do render some help otherwise.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The author does not give any credit to guide or study notes, but blames them. Thus this will be the best concluding line.