World Facts and Geography

The United Nations University (UNU) headquarters is located in Tokyo, Japan. Established in 1973, the UNU is the academic arm of the United Nations system and focuses on research and capacity building. Its location in Japan was chosen as part of UN's global presence.

Correct Answer: China

Vatican City is the world's smallest independent state by both area (0.44 km²) and population (around 800). It is an enclave within Rome, Italy, established in 1929. Sri Lanka (~65,000 km²), Trinidad and Tobago (~5,000 km²), and Indonesia (~1.9 million km²) are all significantly larger countries.

Indonesia has the world's largest Muslim population, with over 200 million Muslims. While Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Saudi Arabia have significant Muslim populations, Indonesia has the highest absolute number.

Spain receives the maximum tourist traffic worldwide, making it the most visited country by international tourists. France typically leads in tourist arrivals, but the question likely refers to the specific context or time period when Spain held this position. The USA and Mauritius are significant but not top-ranked.

Switzerland does not maintain a standing army in the traditional sense. Instead, it relies on a militia system where able-bodied male citizens keep military equipment at home and undergo regular training. This unique defense system is based on the principle of armed neutrality and has been Switzerland's policy for centuries. Australia, Norway, and Sweden all have conventional standing armies.

The baobab tree is the national tree and emblem of Senegal. These iconic trees can live for thousands of years and are central to Senegalese culture and ecosystem. Senegal even adopted the baobab as its national symbol due to its cultural and environmental significance.

The Prama River (also spelled Parima or Paruma) is located in South America, specifically in the border region between Brazil and Venezuela.

Vatican City is the smallest independent state in the world by area, covering only 44 hectares (0.44 square kilometers). Monaco is second smallest at 2.02 square kilometers, while Tuvalu and Malta are much larger.

As of the 2011 Census period, China was the world's most populous country with over 1.34 billion people. India was second with 1.21 billion. Note: India surpassed China in 2023, but the data reflects the earlier timeframe.

Russia is the world's largest country by land area, covering approximately 17.1 million square kilometers. It spans across Eastern Europe and Northern Asia, making it nearly twice the size of Canada (second largest at 9.98 million sq km).

Vatican City has the smallest national population in the world, with approximately 800 residents (mostly clergy and Swiss Guard). Monaco has around 39,000, while Palau and Andorra have populations in the tens of thousands.

Correct option is (1).

Correct option is (3).