World Geography and Capitals

Abu Dhabi is the capital of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), whereas Doha is the capital of Qatar.

Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan, built as a planned city in the 1960s to replace Karachi as the country's capital.

South Africa has three official capital cities: Pretoria (executive), Cape Town (legislative), and Bloemfontein (judicial).

Buenos Aires is indeed the capital and largest city of Argentina, located on the western shore of the Rio de la Plata.

Canberra was selected as the capital of Australia in 1908 as a compromise between rivals Sydney and Melbourne.

Saint Basil's Cathedral, famous for its colorful onion domes, is located in Red Square in Moscow, the capital of Russia.

Ottawa is the capital city of Canada, serving as its political center. While Toronto and Montreal are larger metropolitan areas, they are the capitals of Ontario and Quebec respectively, not the nation.

Riga is the capital and largest city of Latvia. Tallinn is the capital of Estonia, Vilnius is the capital of Lithuania, and Sofia is the capital of Bulgaria.

Berlin is the official capital city of Germany, a status it regained following the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990. Munich, Hamburg, and Frankfurt are major German cities but not the capital.

Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. Paris is the capital of France, Washington D.C. is the capital of the United States, and Berlin is the capital of Germany.

In 1453, Sultan Mehmed II led the Ottoman Empire to conquer Constantinople, bringing an end to the Byzantine Empire. The city was then renamed Istanbul and established as the new capital of the Ottoman Empire.

Putrajaya was established in 1995 to serve as the federal administrative centre of Malaysia, shifting the seat of government from Kuala Lumpur due to overcrowding. Kuala Lumpur remains the national and legislative capital.

Manila is the capital city of the Philippines, serving as its economic and cultural center. Bangkok is the capital of Thailand, Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia, and Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam.

Bangkok is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. Pattaya, Chiang Mai, and Phuket are other major cities and popular tourist destinations in the country, but they are not the capital.