Physics

Wave Motion

536 Questions

Wave motion questions cover the principles of traveling and stationary waves, including their equations and intensities. The topics explore interference patterns, phase differences, and electromagnetic radiation speeds. Mastery of these concepts is vital for physics sections in engineering and civil services examinations.

Wave interferenceStanding wavesPhase differenceElectromagnetic radiationWave equations

Wave Motion Questions

Multiple choice

The electric and magnetic fields for a TEM wave of frequency 14 GHz in a homogeneous medium of relative permittivity $\epsilon_r$ and relative permeability $\mu_r$ = 1 are given by $\vec E = E_p e^{j(\omega t - 280\pi \gamma)} \widehat U_z V/m \qquad \vec H = 3 e^{j(\omega t - 280\pi \gamma)} \widehat U_x A/m $

Assuming the speed of light in free space to be 3 x 108 m/s, the intrinsic impedance of free space to be 120$\pi$, the relative permittivity$\epsilon_r$of the medium and the electric field amplitude Ep are
  1. $\epsilon_r$= 3, Ep = 120
  2. $\epsilon_r$= 3, Ep = 360
  3. $\epsilon_r$= 9, Ep = 360
  4. $\epsilon_r$= 9, Ep = 120
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Multiple choice

The modes in a rectangular waveguide are denoted by where m and n are the eigen numbers along the larger and smaller dimensions of the waveguide respectively. Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

  1. The TM10 mode of the wave does not exist

  2. The TE10 mode of the wave does not exist

  3. The TM10 and the TE10 modes both exist and have the same cut-off frequencies

  4. The TM10 and TM01 modes both exist and have the same cut-off frequencies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

$TM_{11}$ is the lowest order mode of all $TM_{11}$ modes

Multiple choice

A plane wave of wavelength $\lambda$ is travelling in a direction making an angle 30° with positive x-axis and 90° with positive y-axis. The $\vec E$ field of the plane wave can be represented as (E0 is constant)
  1. $\vec E$ = $\widehat Y$ E0 ej $\left( \omega t + \dfrac{\pi}{\lambda}x \times \dfrac{\sqrt 3 \pi}{\gamma} z \right)$
  2. $\vec E$ = $\widehat Y$ E0 ej $\left( \omega t - \dfrac{\pi}{\lambda} \times \dfrac{\sqrt 3 \pi}{\gamma} z \right)$
  3. $\vec E$ = $\widehat Y$E0 ej $\left( \omega t + \dfrac{\sqrt 3 \pi}{\gamma} \times \dfrac{\pi}{\lambda} z \right)$
  4. $\vec E$ = $\widehat Y$ E0 ej $\left( \omega t - \dfrac{\pi}{\lambda} x + \dfrac{\sqrt 3 \pi}{\gamma} z \right)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Multiple choice

A plane wave having the electric field component $E_1$ = 24 cos(3$\times$108t -$\beta$y)$\widehat a_z$V/m and traveling in free space is incident normally on a lossless medium with m = m0 and e = 9e0 which occupies the region y ≥ 0. The reflected magnetic field component is given by
  1. $\dfrac{1}{10\pi} cos(3 \times 10^8 t + y) a_x \ A/m $
  2. $\dfrac{1}{20\pi}$cos (3$\times$108t + y)$\widehat a_x$ A/m
  3. -$\dfrac{1}{20\pi}$cos (3$\times$108t + y)$\widehat a_x$ A/m
  4. - $\dfrac{1}{10\pi}$cos (3$\times$108t + y)$\widehat a_x$ A/m
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Multiple choice

A plane electromagnetic wave propagating in free space is incident normally on a large slab of loss-less, non-magnetic, dielectric material with $\epsilon \gt \epsilon_0$. Maxima and minima are observed when the electric field is measured in front of the slab. The maximum electric field is found to be 5 times the minimum field. The intrinsic impedance of the medium should be
  1. 120$x \Omega$
  2. 60$x \Omega$
  3. 600$x \Omega$
  4. 24$x \Omega$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation