Waste Management and Pollution

Biodegradable waste e.g. fruits & vegetable peels, meat & bones, leaves, flowers, paper etc can be recycled by the method of composting. It is a natural process that recycles the nutrients in the waste to yield manure or compost. Manure is a non-poisonous substance which is very rich in nutrients and is an excellent medium for growing plants.

Vegetable peels, hay, animal excreta are all biodegradable waste and hence, can be converted into useful products by the process of composting. It is a natural process that recycles the waste to yield manure or compost. The manure is rich in nutrients and is an excellent medium for growing plants. Apart from being clean, cheap and safe, composting also reduces the amount of garbage. Composting is also done by using earthworms. This type of composting is known as vermicomposting.

Rottening - means decaying of the material. It is a natural breakdown of complex organic compounds into simpler substances. Rottening or decay occurs in dead plants & animal tissues. i.e. Rottening occurs in biodegradable waste. All the waste derived from living matter is biodegradable. Leather - is animal skin that has been chemically modified to produce strong flexible materials. Therefore, it is a biodegradable waste. Coconut - is a hard shelled fruit containing juice. Therefore, coconut is also biodegradable waste material hence both leather & coconut can be rotten down.

Wrapping waste in polythene bags is the correct answer for this question as polythene bags are non-biodegradable waste.

Four different coloured rubbish bins: (a) Organic waste (plants and animal waste) – Green (b) Paper – White (c) Metal or glass waste - Blue (d) Hazardous – (for batteries, etc) – Red

 Four different coloured rubbish bins: (a) Organic waste (plants and animal waste) - Green (b) Paper - White (c) Metal or glass waste - Blue (d) Hazardous - (for batteries, etc.) - Red Hence, the correct answer is blue.

Burning of garbage produces smoke and poisonous gases, which are injurious to living beings. Hence, burning of garbage should be banned as it pollutes the environment.

Biodegradable waste that can be decayed & get mix with the soil, can be recycled by the method of composting. It is a natural process that recycles the nutrients in the waste to yield manure or compost. Manure obtained is very rich in nutrients & is an excellent medium for growing plants. Apart from being clean, cheap & safe, composting also reduces the amount of disposable garbage.

After loads are deposited, compactors or bulldozers can spread and compact the waste on the working face. These are converted into parks.  

Biodegradable waste for e.g. food waste such as fruit and vegetable peels, meat & bones, leaves, flowers etc can be recycled by the method of composting. It is a natural process that recycles the nutrients in the waste to yield manure or compost. The manure is very rich in nutrients and is an        excellent medium for growing plants. Vermi-composting is a method of composting where compost is made from biodegradable waste with the help of a type of earthworms called red worms. The red worms eat biodegradable kitchen waste & convert it into compost, which is an excellent manure.

There are two types of waste material: Biodegradable - are useful waste material as such waste that can undergo decaying & mix with the soil. Such waste can be recycled by the method of composting. It is a natural process that recycles the nutrients in the waste to yield manure or compost. The manure obtained is very rich in nutrients and is an excellent medium for growing plants. Non-biodegradable - are non-useful waste material. Such wastes cannot undergo decaying & do not get mix with the soil & hence no useful products like manure can be obtained by them. Hence, waste should be dispose off separately as biodegradable waste and can easily undergo decaying & products obtained by decaying of biodegradable wastes are useful.

Plastics are very useful but they do not get decomposed by microbial action, which causes many problems. It means that they are non-biodegradable.

Non-biodegradable substances are the ones which cannot be broken down further into simpler substances by natural processes. Tin, aluminium and metal cans possess the same property and thus, are known as non-biodegradable substances. Such substances are hard to dispose of. Hence it is advisable to minimize the use of non-biodegradable material.

 Burning of wood and plastic should be avoided as they can be reused and recycled in various ways. Moreover, their burning results in emission of many harmful gases causing air pollution and global warming. 

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