Computer Knowledge

Software Development and Management

3,064 Questions

Software development and management focuses on the system development life cycle, enterprise architecture, and configuration management. It tests your familiarity with system analysis, design models, and IT project planning. This subject is essential for specialist and banking officer scale examinations.

System analysis and designSoftware development life cycleConfiguration managementEnterprise architectureObject oriented design

Software Development and Management Questions

Multiple choice technology programming languages

Which of the following is a feature of the “Web service”, as the building block of SOA?

  1. Loose coupling

  2. Abstraction

  3. Testing

  4. Interdependency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

Loose coupling and service abstraction are fundamental design principles of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). Web services achieve loose coupling through standardized contracts and hide implementation details through abstraction. Testing and Interdependency are not defining features of Web services in SOA.

Multiple choice technology programming languages

Which of the following are true about the Bridge and Adapter patterns?

  1. The Adapter pattern implements an interface known to its clients and provides an instance of a class not known to its clients.

  2. The Bridge pattern implements an interface known to its clients and provides an instance of a class not known to its clients.

  3. The Adapter pattern creates a separation between abstractions and classes that implement those abstractions.

  4. The Bridge pattern creates a separation between abstractions and classes that implement those abstractions.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,D Correct answer
Explanation

Adapter wraps an incompatible class to match an expected interface, making unrelated classes work together. Bridge separates abstraction from implementation so both can vary independently. Adapter is about making incompatible interfaces compatible after-the-fact, while Bridge prevents permanent binding between abstraction and implementation.

Multiple choice technology programming languages

As part of your new application you need to create a custom class loader so that you can implement with custom security. So you need to create objects without knowing the class of the objects or how to create them. What pattern should you use for this?

  1. Abstract factory

  2. Builder

  3. Prototype

  4. Singleton
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Prototype pattern allows creating new objects by copying an existing instance (prototype) without knowing their concrete class or how to construct them. This matches the requirements of a custom class loader loading classes dynamically. Builder, Abstract Factory, and Singleton require explicit creation logic or type knowledge.

Multiple choice technology programming languages

You are creating a web application for an online product ordering system. You will be using data from several different databases and to reduce the load on the databases you have decided to use connection pooling. You have a ConnectionPool class and you want one pool for each database however you will have to connect to a variable number of databases. What pattern should you use?

  1. Abstract factory

  2. Factory Method

  3. Prototype

  4. Singleton
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Singleton ensures exactly one instance exists per database, with global access. For connection pools, you want one pool object managing connections for each database. Factory patterns create new instances, and Prototype copies existing ones - neither controls instance count like Singleton does.

Multiple choice technology programming languages

You are a Computer Science lecturer at a top University. You are giving a presentation of a new piece of software you have written. Basically you have written the next generation spell checker, the reason yours is so good is that it can learn the common typing mistakes of an individual user. You have already sold licenses to many major software vendors and plan to retire in the Sun. However before you go they all require slight changes in the logic to suit their individual needs. What design pattern will help you slightly change the logic in a class to be used in many applications?

  1. Strategy

  2. Adapter

  3. Template Method

  4. Interpreter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Template Method defines algorithm skeleton in base class, letting subclasses override specific steps without changing structure. This lets vendors customize spell-checking logic while keeping core algorithm unchanged. Strategy encapsulates entire algorithms, while Template only varies steps within a fixed algorithm structure.

Multiple choice technology programming languages

You have been reading the Gang of Four pattern book again and you suddenly notice a similarity between a design pattern and publish-subscribe messaging. What design pattern is similar to publish-subscribe messaging?

  1. Publisher pattern

  2. Flyweight pattern

  3. Observer pattern

  4. Chain of Responsibility pattern

  5. Subscribe pattern

  6. Proxy pattern.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Observer defines one-to-many dependency: when subject changes, all dependents are notified automatically. This IS publish-subscribe: publishers (subjects) broadcast to subscribers (observers) without knowing who they are. The pattern decouples event generation from event handling.

Multiple choice technology programming languages

What are the benefits of using the Service Locator pattern?

  1. It is used primary by Servlets to locate other services such as JMS. A good example of this pattern would be a web based login facility. If a client enters an incorrect password their need to be redirected to a different but their session needs to be main

  2. Multiple clients can reuse the same Service Locator pattern.

  3. The Service Locator pattern can improve performance by introducing a caching facility.

  4. There is a slight loss of performance when using the Service Locator pattern but this is out weighed by the improved maintainability of the code.

  5. None of the definitions of the Service Locator pattern are accurate.

  6. The Service Locator pattern is used to hide the complexities of initial object creation, EJB lookups and object re-creation.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C,F Correct answer
Explanation

The Service Locator pattern centralizes service lookup logic and abstracts the complexity of JNDI/EJB lookups. Multiple clients can share a single Service Locator instance, which improves performance by caching frequently used service references. This pattern hides low-level lookup details from client code, making it easier to maintain and modify. Options B, C, and F correctly identify reusability, performance through caching, and complexity hiding as key benefits.

Multiple choice technology programming languages

A Philadelphia based cable company is using J2EE for their Customer Management system. The system uses a combination of HTML and JSP for presentation. Java Servlets are used as Controllers. All Servlets have access to a ServletContext object, which functions as a Container to the shared resources of the Servlets. The ServletContext object best exemplifies what design pattern?

  1. Iterator

  2. Mediator

  3. Interpreter

  4. State

  5. Singleton
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The ServletContext object acts as a Singleton - there is exactly one ServletContext instance per web application that all servlets share. This shared context holds application-wide resources and configuration, accessible to all servlets within that application. While Mediator, State, and Interpreter serve different purposes, the key here is the single shared container instance. Singleton ensures one instance exists and provides global access, which matches how ServletContext functions.

Multiple choice technology

what are the elements does ruleset archive contains?

  1. BOM, java XOM, vocabulary, engine conf

  2. BOM, XML, java XOMs, BOM to XOM mapping files

  3. BOM, XML, XOMs and the related XML schemas, BOM to XOM mapping files, engine conf

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A ruleset archive in BRMS systems is a comprehensive deployment package containing all necessary artifacts for rule execution. This includes the Business Object Model (BOM), XML representations, the executable XOMs (eXecutable Object Models), their corresponding XML schemas for validation, BOM to XOM mapping files that translate between business and execution models, and engine configuration files. Option C is the most complete and accurate description.

Multiple choice technology mainframe

What is the function of //CNTL statement ?

  1. Marks the beginning of one or more program control statements

  2. Identifies the control card library

  3. Delimits the PROC control statements

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The //CNTL statement in JCL marks the beginning of one or more JCL control statements that will be interpreted by the system. It is used to introduce a section of control statements that need to be processed together. It is not specifically for identifying control card libraries (that would be different JCL constructs) or for delimiting PROC definitions (which use other statements).

Multiple choice technology

Which is the first open Source Business tules methodology?

  1. ISIS (iLog Solution Implementation Standard)

  2. ABRD (Agile BusinessRules Development)

  3. both a and b

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

ABRD (Agile Business Rules Development) was the first open-source methodology specifically for business rules development. ISIS (iLog Solution Implementation Standard) came later and is proprietary. The question contains a typo ('tules' instead of 'rules').