Biology
Respiration and Gas Transport
606 Questions
Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.
Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation
Respiration and Gas Transport Questions
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Erythropoietin is a protein.
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Hypoxia (a low level of oxygen) inhibits erythropoietin production.
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Most erythropoietin is made in the pancreas in adults.
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Erythropoietin stimulates white blood cell production.
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Erythropoietin detects hypoxia easily.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that controls erythropoiesis, or red blood cell production.
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Arrythmia
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Bulimia
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Hypoxymia
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Anemia
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Anemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, which reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Arrythmia refers to heart rhythm, and bulimia is an eating disorder.
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Diffusion
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Osmosis
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Endocytosis
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Plasmolysis
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Diffusion is the movement of substances from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, which is the primary mechanism for gaseous exchange like oxygen and carbon dioxide in cells.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Carbon monoxide (CO) binds to hemoglobin in the blood much more strongly than oxygen, preventing the blood from carrying oxygen effectively.
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is essential for the body
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dilutes oxygen which, otherwise, is very active in the pure form
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makes oxygen soluble in blood
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decreases the density of air
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Nitrogen makes up about 78 percent of the atmosphere. Its presence dilutes oxygen, which is highly reactive, preventing fires from spreading too quickly and protecting biological tissues from oxygen toxicity.
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impossible
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anaerobic
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reduction
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free from oxidative damage
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Anaerobic respiration is the process by which organisms produce energy in the absence of oxygen.
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fish
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yeast
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potato
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chlorella
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Yeast is a facultative anaerobe, meaning it can perform cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen and switch to fermentation (anaerobic respiration) in the absence of oxygen.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The life threatening effects of carbon monoxide arise from its reversible combination with haemoglobin (Hb) in red blood cells, which causes displacement of oxygen. This results in oxygen starvation or anoxia.
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Hydrogen
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Oxygen
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Carbon-dioxide
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Nitrogen
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product during cellular respiration when the body releases energy from nutrients.
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All animals require a medium for respiration.
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In all animals, oxygen is transported by blood.
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In all animals, oxygen is taken in from water or air through gills or lungs.
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All animals need oxygen for respiration.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
All animals require a medium for respiration is a correct respiration.
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increases the affinity of haemoglobin to both oxygen and hydrogen
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increases the affinity of haemoglobin to oxygen but decreases its affinity to hydrogen
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decreases the affinity of haemoglobin to oxygen but increases its affinity to hydrogen
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decreases the affinity of haemoglobin to both oxygen and hydrogen
C
Correct answer
Explanation
In the tissues, high concentrations of carbon dioxide decreases the affinity of haemoglobin to oxygen but increases its affinity to hydrogen.
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Food
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Potassium
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Alcohol
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All of these
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Blood plasma acts as a transport medium for various substances, including dissolved nutrients (food), waste products, hormones, and other solutes like ions.
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Red blood corpuscles
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Platelets
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Plasma
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White blood corpuscles
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen and transports it throughout the body.
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dissolved form
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the form of carbamino haemoglobin
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the form of carboxy haemoglobin
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the form of bicarbonate
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Chloride shift occures when carbondioxide is transported in the form of bicarbonate.
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Nitrogen fixation in root nodules of legumes
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Respiration in human beings
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Burning of fossil fuels
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Formation of ozone
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Oxygen is necessary for every form of life and processes which they perform. But, some forms of life, especially bacteria, are poisoned by elemental oxygen. For example, the process of nitrogen fixation by nitrogen-fixing bacteria also takes place in the absence of oxygen and slows down in the presence of oxygen.