Biology

Respiration and Gas Exchange

958 Questions

Access a targeted set of questions on respiration and gas exchange for competitive exams. Topics include lung volumes, the mechanism of breathing, and respiratory anatomy. Understanding these physiological processes is essential for scoring well.

Lung volumes and capacitiesBreathing mechanismsRespiratory anatomyGas exchange processes

Respiration and Gas Exchange Questions

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

Expiration involves

  1. Relaxation of diaphragm and intercostal muscles

  2. Contraction of diaphragm and intercostal muscles

  3. Contraction of diaphragm muscles

  4. Contraction of intercostal muscles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When the diaphragm relaxes, air is exhaled by elastic recoil of the lung and the tissues lining the thoracic cavity in conjunction with the abdominal muscles which act as an antagonist paired with the diaphragm's contraction. The internal intercostals assist in expiration by pulling the ribcage down.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

Which one of the following statement is correct?

  1. Chest expands because air enters into the lungs.

  2. Air enters into the lungs because chest expands.

  3. The muscles of the diaphragm contracts because air enters into the lungs.

  4. All of the above statements are correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When we breathe in, or inhale, the diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves downward. This increases the space in the chest cavity, into which the lungs expand. The intercostal muscles between the ribs also help enlarge the chest cavity. They contract to pull the rib cage both upward and outward when we inhale. As the lungs expand, air is sucked in through the nose or mouth. The air travels down the windpipe and into the lungs. After passing through the bronchial tubes, the air finally reaches and enters the alveoli (air sacs).

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

The tissue respiration refers to 

  1. Inspiration

  2. External respiration

  3. Internal respiration

  4. Expiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Internal respiration refers to gas exchange across the respiratory membrane in the metabolizing tissues. External respiration refers to gas exchange across the respiratory membrane in the lungs. Pulmonary ventilation is the process by which oxygen enters and carbon dioxide exits the alveoli. Respiration is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of the blood. 

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

An effect of drinking is

  1. Rapid breathing

  2. Deeper breathing

  3. Slower breathing

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Drinking i.e. consuming alcohol causes deposition of alcoholic fat on the walls of blood vessels due to which lumen of blood vessels get reduced. This leads to increase in blood pressure and hence, the activity of heart is increased. The heart beat and strength of heart contraction becomes fast and the person may run short of breath. This may also lead to fatigue of muscles.
So, the correct answer is 'Rapid breathing'.
Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

Which of the following sequences is correct to initiate inspiration? 
(i)    The contraction of external intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum
(ii)   Volume of thorax increases in the dorso-ventral axis 
(iii)  Intrapulmonary pressure decreases 
(iv)  Diaphragm contraction 
(v)   Air rushes into lungs 
(vi)   Volume of thorax increases in the anterior-posterior axis 

  1. (i),(ii),(iv),(v),(iii),(vi)

  2. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi), (v)

  3. (i),(ii),(iv),(vi),(iii),(v)

  4. (vi), (v), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct sequence of events in the initiation of respiration is:
(i)    The contraction of external intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum
(ii)    The volume of thorax increases in the dorsoventral axis
(iv)    Diaphragm contraction
(vi)    The volume of thorax increases in the anterior-posterior axis
(iii)    Intrapulmonary pressure decreases

(v)    Air rushes into lungs
So, the correct answer is '(i),(ii),(iv),(vi),(iii),(v)'.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

The ventilation movements of the lungs in mammals are governed by

  1. muscular walls of lung

  2. diaphragm

  3. costal muscles

  4. both (b) and (c).
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The relaxation and contraction of the diaphragm and the movement of the costal muscles present in the thorax of an individual are responsible for the ventilation movements of the lungs that facilitate respiration.
So, the correct answer is 'both (b) and (c)'.
Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

Expiration is normally brought about by the relaxation of diaphragm

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The relaxation of external intercostal muscles and diaphragm leads to return of diaphragm, ribs, and sternum to resting position thus restoring thoracic cavity to pre-inspiratory volume. The pressure in the lungs increases and the air is exhaled.
So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

The process of taking air in is called as

  1. Excretion

  2. Expiration

  3. Inspiration

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward while the muscles between the ribs contract and pull upward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside. As a result, air rushes in and fills the lungs.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

Expiration is the process of

  1. Taking air in

  2. Inhalation
  3. Releasing CO$ _2$

  4. Giving air out
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During expiration, the diaphragm relaxes, and the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, while the pressure within it increases. As a result, the lungs contract and air is forced out. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice

What are the main components of a mechanical ventilation system?

  1. Fans.

  2. Ducts.

  3. Regulators.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The main components of a mechanical ventilation system are fans, ducts, and regulators. Fans move air through the mine, ducts carry the air to and from the mine, and regulators control the flow of air through the mine.

Multiple choice

What is the most common type of sleep apnea?

  1. Obstructive sleep apnea

  2. Central sleep apnea

  3. Mixed sleep apnea

  4. Complex sleep apnea
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type, characterized by repeated episodes of complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway during sleep.

Multiple choice

Which astrological sign is associated with the lungs and respiratory system?

  1. Sagittarius

  2. Capricorn

  3. Aquarius

  4. Pisces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sagittarius is the astrological sign associated with the lungs and respiratory system.

Multiple choice

What is the purpose of pulse oximetry in respiratory health screening?

  1. To detect lung cancer

  2. To assess lung function

  3. To measure oxygen levels in the blood

  4. To identify structural abnormalities in the lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pulse oximetry is used to measure oxygen levels in the blood, which can indicate respiratory problems such as low oxygen levels (hypoxemia).

Multiple choice

Which respiratory health screening test is used to detect sleep apnea?

  1. Chest X-ray

  2. Spirometry

  3. Pulse Oximetry

  4. Polysomnography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Polysomnography is used to detect sleep apnea by monitoring various physiological parameters during sleep.

Multiple choice

Which respiratory health screening test is used to assess the risk of developing respiratory diseases?

  1. Chest X-ray

  2. Spirometry

  3. Pulse Oximetry

  4. Lung function test
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A lung function test is used to assess the risk of developing respiratory diseases by measuring various aspects of lung function.