Reading Comprehension

Which room came first?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

What is the meaning of beckoned?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

What is the meaning of vague?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

What was the chemical being used?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

How was he feeling?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

Dierctions:What is the meaning of sunken?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

What make was the stove?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

How was the odor?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

Where did he go?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question:

The woman who had beckoned to him lived on the third floor. All the way upstairs, his excitement increased, and his heart was beating violently when he reached the landing.
As he was going up, he smelled a peculiar odor, which grew stronger and stronger, and though he tried to analyze it, all he could decide was that it smelled like a chemist’s shop.
 The door on the right, at the end of the passage, was opened as soon as he put his foot on the landing, and the woman said, in a low voice:
“Come in, my dear.”
A very strong smell met his nostrils through the open door, and he exclaimed:
“ How stupid I was! I know what it is now: carbon acid is it not?”
“Yes,” the woman replied.” Don’t you like it, my dear? It is very wholesome, you know.”
The woman was not ugly, although not young; she had very good eyes, although these were sad and sunken in her head. Evidently, she had been crying very much quite recently, and that imparted a special spice to the vague smile she put on, so as to appear more amiable
Seized by his romantic ideas, and under the influence of the presentiment, which he had just before, he thought – and the idea filled him with pleasure –
“She is some widow, whom poverty has forced to sell herself.”
The room was small, but very clean and tidy, which confirmed him in his conjecture, and as he was curious to verify it, he went into the three rooms, which opened into another. The bedroom came first; next came the drawing room, and then a dining room, which evidently served as a kitchen, for a Dutch tiled stove, stood in the middle of it, on which a stew was simmering. The smell of carbolic acid was even stronger in the room. He remarked it, and added with a laugh:
“Do you put it in your soup?”
And as he said this, he grasped the handle of the floor, which led into the next room, for he wanted to see everything, even that nook, which was apparently a store cupboard. But the woman seized him by the arm, and pulled him violently back.

What is the main difference between the two passages?

Answer this question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            It is easy enough to secure buildings and classrooms for our
            schools. The expenditure of so many dollars will bring us the
            equipment we require. Books and materials may be had
            almost for the asking. The great problem is to secure teachers
(5)       — real teachers, teachers of power and devotion who are
            able to leave their impress on young lives. Without such
            teachers all the rest is but as sounding brass or a tinkling
            cymbal. And to be a real teacher is a very high achievement.
            "I have been a teacher.
 (10)     In one of my first schools I had Grover Cleveland as a pupil.
            He came without a textbook in grammar, and I loaned him
            mine. Years passed, and Grover Cleveland was President of
            the United States. One day I was one of many hundreds
            passing in line at a public reception to grasp the
(15)      President's hand. I carried this book with me, and when
            it came my turn to meet the President, I presented the
            volume and said, 'Mr. President, do you recognize this book,
            and do you remember me?' In an instant the light of recognition
            had flashed in Mr. Cleveland's eyes. Calling me by name, he
(20)      grasped my hand and held it while the crowd waited and while
            he recalled old times and thanked me for what I had meant to
            him when I was his teacher. Then he took the old book and
            autographed it for me."
            Two types of teachers are remembered: one to be forgiven
(25)      after years have softened the antagonisms and resentments;
            the other to be thought of with honor and gratitude as long
            as memory lasts. Between these two is a third and a larger
            group: those who are forgotten, because they failed to stamp
            a lasting impression on their pupils. This group represents the
(30)      mediocrity of the profession, not bad enough to be actively
            forgiven, not good enough to claim a place in gratitude and
            remembrance.
            To which type would we belong? To which type can we
            belong? Can we choose? What are the factors that go to
(35)      determine the place we shall occupy in the scale of
            teachers?

Passage 2

            A sympathetic teacher draws out all the good qualities in his
            pupils, and his gentleness prevents them from being afraid
            of him. Each boy then shows himself just as he is, and the
            teacher is able to see the line best suited to him and to help
(5)        him to follow it. To such a teacher a boy will come with all his
            difficulties, knowing that he will be met with sympathy and
            kindness, and, instead of hiding his weaknesses, he will be
            glad to tell everything to one of whose loving help he is sure.
            The good teacher remembers his own youth, and so can feel
 (10)     with the boy who comes to him.
            This love of the teacher for his pupil, protecting and helping
            him, will bring out love from the pupil in turn, and as he looks
            up to his teacher this love will take the form of reverence.
            Reverence, beginning in this way with the boy, will grow as
(15)      he grows older, and will become the habit of seeing and
            reverencing greatness, and so perhaps in time may lead him
            to the Feet of the Master. The love of the boy to the teacher
            will make him docile and easy to guide, and so the question
            of punishment will never arise. Thus one great cause of fear
(20)      which at present poisons all the relations between the teacher
            and his pupil will vanish. Those of us who have the happiness
            of being pupils of the true Masters know what this relation
            ought to be. We know the wonderful patience, gentleness and
            sympathy with which they always meet us, even when we may
(25)      have made mistakes or have been weak.
            Love both at home and in the school will naturally show itself
            in continual small acts of service, and these will form a habit
            out of which will grow the larger and more heroic acts of
            service which makes the greatness of a nation. A teacher
(30)      who tries to frighten his boys into doing what he wishes
            does not see that they only obey him while he is there, and
            that as soon as they are out of his sight they will pay no
            attention to his rules, or even take a pleasure in breaking
            them because they dislike him. But if he draws them to do
(35)      what he wants because they love him and wish to please
            'him, they will keep his rules even in his absence, and so
            make his work much easier. Instead of developing fear
            and dislike in the characters of the boys, the wise teacher
            will gain his ends by calling forth from them love and
(40)     devotion; and so will strengthen all that is good in them,
           and help them on the road of evolution.

The following can be inferred from the given passage: (i) The followers of a revolutionary figure suffer from a narrow field of vision making the revolutionary feel isolated. (ii) The contemporaries of a revolutionary have always given due recognition and appreciation to the latter. (iii) The system of social justice has often not followed a coherent and logical path.

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The debt American intellectual growth owes to the
            revolutionary exiles has never been fully appreciated. The
            seed disseminated by them, though so little understood at
            the time, has brought a rich harvest. They have at all times
(5)        held aloft the banner of liberty, thus impregnating the social
            vitality of the Nation. 
            Emma Goldman was one of the few who, while thoroughly
            preserving their individuality, became an important factor
            in the social and intellectual atmosphere of America. The
 (10)     life she led was rich in color, full of change and variety.  She
            rose to the topmost heights, and also tasted the bitter dregs
            of life. The sensational press surrounded her name with so
            much misrepresentation and slander, it would seem almost
            a miracle that, in spite of this web of calumny, the truth broke
(15)      through and a better appreciation of this much maligned
            idealist manifested itself.  The mist in which the name of
            Emma Goldman had so long been enveloped gradually
            dissipated.  Her energy in the furtherance of such an
            unpopular idea as Anarchism, her deep earnestness,
(20)      her courage and abilities, find growing understanding
            and admiration.
            There is but little consolation in the fact that almost every
            representative of a new idea has had to struggle and suffer
            under similar difficulties.  Is it of any avail that a former
(25)      president of a republic pays homage at Osawatomie to the
            memory of John Brown?  Or that the president of another
            republic participates in the unveiling of a statue in honor of
            Pierre Proudhon, and holds up his life to the French nation
            as a model worthy of enthusiastic emulation?  Of what avail
(30)      is all this when, at the same time, the LIVING John Browns
            and Proudhons are being crucified?  The honor and glory of
            a Mary Wollstonecraft or of a Louise Michel are not
            enhanced by the City Fathers of London or Paris naming a
            street after them - the living generation should be concerned
(35)      with doing justice to the LIVING Mary Wollstonecrafts and
            Louise Michels.  Posterity assigns to men like Wendel
            Phillips and Lloyd Garrison the proper niche of honor in
            the temple of human emancipation; but it is the duty of their
            contemporaries to bring them due recognition and appreciation
(40)      while they live.
            The path of the propagandist of social justice is strewn with
            thorns. The powers of darkness and injustice exert all their
            might lest a ray of sunshine enter his cheerless life. Nay,
            even his comrades in the struggle--indeed, too often his
(45)      most intimate friends--show but little understanding for
            the personality of the pioneer.  Envy, sometimes growing
            to hatred, vanity and jealousy, obstruct his way and fill his
            heart with sadness.  It requires an inflexible will and
            tremendous enthusiasm not to lose, under such conditions,
(50)      all faith in the Cause.  The representative of a revolutionizing
            idea stands between two fires: on the one hand, the
            persecution of the existing powers which hold him
            responsible for all acts resulting from social conditions;
            and, on the other, the lack of understanding on the part of
(55)      his own followers who often judge all his activity from a
            narrow standpoint. Thus it happens that the agitator stands
            quite alone in the midst of the multitude surrounding him.
            Even his most intimate friends rarely understand how
            solitary and deserted he feels.

Who are the 'true masters' (line 22) according to passage 2?

Answer this question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            It is easy enough to secure buildings and classrooms for our
            schools. The expenditure of so many dollars will bring us the
            equipment we require. Books and materials may be had
            almost for the asking. The great problem is to secure teachers
(5)       — real teachers, teachers of power and devotion who are
            able to leave their impress on young lives. Without such
            teachers all the rest is but as sounding brass or a tinkling
            cymbal. And to be a real teacher is a very high achievement.
            "I have been a teacher.
 (10)     In one of my first schools I had Grover Cleveland as a pupil.
            He came without a textbook in grammar, and I loaned him
            mine. Years passed, and Grover Cleveland was President of
            the United States. One day I was one of many hundreds
            passing in line at a public reception to grasp the
(15)      President's hand. I carried this book with me, and when
            it came my turn to meet the President, I presented the
            volume and said, 'Mr. President, do you recognize this book,
            and do you remember me?' In an instant the light of recognition
            had flashed in Mr. Cleveland's eyes. Calling me by name, he
(20)      grasped my hand and held it while the crowd waited and while
            he recalled old times and thanked me for what I had meant to
            him when I was his teacher. Then he took the old book and
            autographed it for me."
            Two types of teachers are remembered: one to be forgiven
(25)      after years have softened the antagonisms and resentments;
            the other to be thought of with honor and gratitude as long
            as memory lasts. Between these two is a third and a larger
            group: those who are forgotten, because they failed to stamp
            a lasting impression on their pupils. This group represents the
(30)      mediocrity of the profession, not bad enough to be actively
            forgiven, not good enough to claim a place in gratitude and
            remembrance.
            To which type would we belong? To which type can we
            belong? Can we choose? What are the factors that go to
(35)      determine the place we shall occupy in the scale of
            teachers?

Passage 2

            A sympathetic teacher draws out all the good qualities in his
            pupils, and his gentleness prevents them from being afraid
            of him. Each boy then shows himself just as he is, and the
            teacher is able to see the line best suited to him and to help
(5)        him to follow it. To such a teacher a boy will come with all his
            difficulties, knowing that he will be met with sympathy and
            kindness, and, instead of hiding his weaknesses, he will be
            glad to tell everything to one of whose loving help he is sure.
            The good teacher remembers his own youth, and so can feel
 (10)     with the boy who comes to him.
            This love of the teacher for his pupil, protecting and helping
            him, will bring out love from the pupil in turn, and as he looks
            up to his teacher this love will take the form of reverence.
            Reverence, beginning in this way with the boy, will grow as
(15)      he grows older, and will become the habit of seeing and
            reverencing greatness, and so perhaps in time may lead him
            to the Feet of the Master. The love of the boy to the teacher
            will make him docile and easy to guide, and so the question
            of punishment will never arise. Thus one great cause of fear
(20)      which at present poisons all the relations between the teacher
            and his pupil will vanish. Those of us who have the happiness
            of being pupils of the true Masters know what this relation
            ought to be. We know the wonderful patience, gentleness and
            sympathy with which they always meet us, even when we may
(25)      have made mistakes or have been weak.
            Love both at home and in the school will naturally show itself
            in continual small acts of service, and these will form a habit
            out of which will grow the larger and more heroic acts of
            service which makes the greatness of a nation. A teacher
(30)      who tries to frighten his boys into doing what he wishes
            does not see that they only obey him while he is there, and
            that as soon as they are out of his sight they will pay no
            attention to his rules, or even take a pleasure in breaking
            them because they dislike him. But if he draws them to do
(35)      what he wants because they love him and wish to please
            'him, they will keep his rules even in his absence, and so
            make his work much easier. Instead of developing fear
            and dislike in the characters of the boys, the wise teacher
            will gain his ends by calling forth from them love and
(40)     devotion; and so will strengthen all that is good in them,
           and help them on the road of evolution.

The purpose of the third paragraph of the passage can be

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The debt American intellectual growth owes to the
            revolutionary exiles has never been fully appreciated. The
            seed disseminated by them, though so little understood at
            the time, has brought a rich harvest. They have at all times
(5)        held aloft the banner of liberty, thus impregnating the social
            vitality of the Nation. 
            Emma Goldman was one of the few who, while thoroughly
            preserving their individuality, became an important factor
            in the social and intellectual atmosphere of America. The
 (10)     life she led was rich in color, full of change and variety.  She
            rose to the topmost heights, and also tasted the bitter dregs
            of life. The sensational press surrounded her name with so
            much misrepresentation and slander, it would seem almost
            a miracle that, in spite of this web of calumny, the truth broke
(15)      through and a better appreciation of this much maligned
            idealist manifested itself.  The mist in which the name of
            Emma Goldman had so long been enveloped gradually
            dissipated.  Her energy in the furtherance of such an
            unpopular idea as Anarchism, her deep earnestness,
(20)      her courage and abilities, find growing understanding
            and admiration.
            There is but little consolation in the fact that almost every
            representative of a new idea has had to struggle and suffer
            under similar difficulties.  Is it of any avail that a former
(25)      president of a republic pays homage at Osawatomie to the
            memory of John Brown?  Or that the president of another
            republic participates in the unveiling of a statue in honor of
            Pierre Proudhon, and holds up his life to the French nation
            as a model worthy of enthusiastic emulation?  Of what avail
(30)      is all this when, at the same time, the LIVING John Browns
            and Proudhons are being crucified?  The honor and glory of
            a Mary Wollstonecraft or of a Louise Michel are not
            enhanced by the City Fathers of London or Paris naming a
            street after them - the living generation should be concerned
(35)      with doing justice to the LIVING Mary Wollstonecrafts and
            Louise Michels.  Posterity assigns to men like Wendel
            Phillips and Lloyd Garrison the proper niche of honor in
            the temple of human emancipation; but it is the duty of their
            contemporaries to bring them due recognition and appreciation
(40)      while they live.
            The path of the propagandist of social justice is strewn with
            thorns. The powers of darkness and injustice exert all their
            might lest a ray of sunshine enter his cheerless life. Nay,
            even his comrades in the struggle--indeed, too often his
(45)      most intimate friends--show but little understanding for
            the personality of the pioneer.  Envy, sometimes growing
            to hatred, vanity and jealousy, obstruct his way and fill his
            heart with sadness.  It requires an inflexible will and
            tremendous enthusiasm not to lose, under such conditions,
(50)      all faith in the Cause.  The representative of a revolutionizing
            idea stands between two fires: on the one hand, the
            persecution of the existing powers which hold him
            responsible for all acts resulting from social conditions;
            and, on the other, the lack of understanding on the part of
(55)      his own followers who often judge all his activity from a
            narrow standpoint. Thus it happens that the agitator stands
            quite alone in the midst of the multitude surrounding him.
            Even his most intimate friends rarely understand how
            solitary and deserted he feels.

'Rich Harvest' (Line 4) of revolutionaries like Goldman can be interpreted as

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The debt American intellectual growth owes to the
            revolutionary exiles has never been fully appreciated. The
            seed disseminated by them, though so little understood at
            the time, has brought a rich harvest. They have at all times
(5)        held aloft the banner of liberty, thus impregnating the social
            vitality of the Nation. 
            Emma Goldman was one of the few who, while thoroughly
            preserving their individuality, became an important factor
            in the social and intellectual atmosphere of America. The
 (10)     life she led was rich in color, full of change and variety.  She
            rose to the topmost heights, and also tasted the bitter dregs
            of life. The sensational press surrounded her name with so
            much misrepresentation and slander, it would seem almost
            a miracle that, in spite of this web of calumny, the truth broke
(15)      through and a better appreciation of this much maligned
            idealist manifested itself.  The mist in which the name of
            Emma Goldman had so long been enveloped gradually
            dissipated.  Her energy in the furtherance of such an
            unpopular idea as Anarchism, her deep earnestness,
(20)      her courage and abilities, find growing understanding
            and admiration.
            There is but little consolation in the fact that almost every
            representative of a new idea has had to struggle and suffer
            under similar difficulties.  Is it of any avail that a former
(25)      president of a republic pays homage at Osawatomie to the
            memory of John Brown?  Or that the president of another
            republic participates in the unveiling of a statue in honor of
            Pierre Proudhon, and holds up his life to the French nation
            as a model worthy of enthusiastic emulation?  Of what avail
(30)      is all this when, at the same time, the LIVING John Browns
            and Proudhons are being crucified?  The honor and glory of
            a Mary Wollstonecraft or of a Louise Michel are not
            enhanced by the City Fathers of London or Paris naming a
            street after them - the living generation should be concerned
(35)      with doing justice to the LIVING Mary Wollstonecrafts and
            Louise Michels.  Posterity assigns to men like Wendel
            Phillips and Lloyd Garrison the proper niche of honor in
            the temple of human emancipation; but it is the duty of their
            contemporaries to bring them due recognition and appreciation
(40)      while they live.
            The path of the propagandist of social justice is strewn with
            thorns. The powers of darkness and injustice exert all their
            might lest a ray of sunshine enter his cheerless life. Nay,
            even his comrades in the struggle--indeed, too often his
(45)      most intimate friends--show but little understanding for
            the personality of the pioneer.  Envy, sometimes growing
            to hatred, vanity and jealousy, obstruct his way and fill his
            heart with sadness.  It requires an inflexible will and
            tremendous enthusiasm not to lose, under such conditions,
(50)      all faith in the Cause.  The representative of a revolutionizing
            idea stands between two fires: on the one hand, the
            persecution of the existing powers which hold him
            responsible for all acts resulting from social conditions;
            and, on the other, the lack of understanding on the part of
(55)      his own followers who often judge all his activity from a
            narrow standpoint. Thus it happens that the agitator stands
            quite alone in the midst of the multitude surrounding him.
            Even his most intimate friends rarely understand how
            solitary and deserted he feels.

The tone of the passage can be summarized as

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The debt American intellectual growth owes to the
            revolutionary exiles has never been fully appreciated. The
            seed disseminated by them, though so little understood at
            the time, has brought a rich harvest. They have at all times
(5)        held aloft the banner of liberty, thus impregnating the social
            vitality of the Nation. 
            Emma Goldman was one of the few who, while thoroughly
            preserving their individuality, became an important factor
            in the social and intellectual atmosphere of America. The
 (10)     life she led was rich in color, full of change and variety.  She
            rose to the topmost heights, and also tasted the bitter dregs
            of life. The sensational press surrounded her name with so
            much misrepresentation and slander, it would seem almost
            a miracle that, in spite of this web of calumny, the truth broke
(15)      through and a better appreciation of this much maligned
            idealist manifested itself.  The mist in which the name of
            Emma Goldman had so long been enveloped gradually
            dissipated.  Her energy in the furtherance of such an
            unpopular idea as Anarchism, her deep earnestness,
(20)      her courage and abilities, find growing understanding
            and admiration.
            There is but little consolation in the fact that almost every
            representative of a new idea has had to struggle and suffer
            under similar difficulties.  Is it of any avail that a former
(25)      president of a republic pays homage at Osawatomie to the
            memory of John Brown?  Or that the president of another
            republic participates in the unveiling of a statue in honor of
            Pierre Proudhon, and holds up his life to the French nation
            as a model worthy of enthusiastic emulation?  Of what avail
(30)      is all this when, at the same time, the LIVING John Browns
            and Proudhons are being crucified?  The honor and glory of
            a Mary Wollstonecraft or of a Louise Michel are not
            enhanced by the City Fathers of London or Paris naming a
            street after them - the living generation should be concerned
(35)      with doing justice to the LIVING Mary Wollstonecrafts and
            Louise Michels.  Posterity assigns to men like Wendel
            Phillips and Lloyd Garrison the proper niche of honor in
            the temple of human emancipation; but it is the duty of their
            contemporaries to bring them due recognition and appreciation
(40)      while they live.
            The path of the propagandist of social justice is strewn with
            thorns. The powers of darkness and injustice exert all their
            might lest a ray of sunshine enter his cheerless life. Nay,
            even his comrades in the struggle--indeed, too often his
(45)      most intimate friends--show but little understanding for
            the personality of the pioneer.  Envy, sometimes growing
            to hatred, vanity and jealousy, obstruct his way and fill his
            heart with sadness.  It requires an inflexible will and
            tremendous enthusiasm not to lose, under such conditions,
(50)      all faith in the Cause.  The representative of a revolutionizing
            idea stands between two fires: on the one hand, the
            persecution of the existing powers which hold him
            responsible for all acts resulting from social conditions;
            and, on the other, the lack of understanding on the part of
(55)      his own followers who often judge all his activity from a
            narrow standpoint. Thus it happens that the agitator stands
            quite alone in the midst of the multitude surrounding him.
            Even his most intimate friends rarely understand how
            solitary and deserted he feels.