Computer Knowledge

Programming Fundamentals

2,611 Questions

Programming fundamentals form the core logic of software development and computer science. This includes variable declarations, pointer assignments, loop iterations, and exception handling. These technical topics are regularly tested in computer knowledge and IT officer competitive examinations.

Variables and arraysPointer assignmentsLoop iterationsException handling blocksCompile time errorsFunction references

Programming Fundamentals Questions

Multiple choice

A control structure used to create loops is

  1. sequence

  2. choice

  3. iteration

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Iteration is the control structure that allows a block of code to be executed repeatedly, forming a loop. Sequence is the default execution order, and choice refers to conditional branching.

Multiple choice

All variables must be declared at the beginning of

  1. a machine language program

  2. an assembly language program

  3. a BASIC program

  4. a PASCAL program
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pascal is a strongly typed language that requires all variables to be declared in a specific declaration block before they are used in the program body. Machine and assembly languages do not have this high-level declaration requirement.

Multiple choice

In which of the following situations may an inline function work in C++?

  1. When the inline function definition is too long or too complicated

  2. When the inline function is recursive

  3. When the inline function has looping constructs

  4. When the inline function has a switch or a goto statement

  5. When the inline function starts with the keyword 'inline'
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is a situation where an inline function may work in C++ as an inline function must start with the keyword 'inline'.

Multiple choice

A variable becomes pointer type if

  1. we use * before it in its declaration

  2. we use ** before it in its declaration

  3. we use *** before it in its declaration

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

null

Multiple choice

Performing POP on empty stack will result in

  1. underflow

  2. overflow

  3. garbage value

  4. Both (1) and (2)

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

POP is used to read the last value stored in a stack. If the stack is empty, an error condition, i.e. underflow will result on performing POP.

Multiple choice

Choose the odd one out.

  1. Transient

  2. do while

  3. Boolean

  4. Try

  5. Implements
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Except “do while”, all the others are Java keywords. “do while” is a keyword of C programming language.

Multiple choice

What is “cerr”?

  1. A keyword in C

  2. An error condition

  3. Standard output error stream

  4. Standard logging stream

  5. Operator in UNIX
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

C++ provides some basic input/output stream. Cerr is one of such streams used for standard output error.

Multiple choice

The exit controlled looping technique is

  1. while

  2. else if

  3. for

  4. do while

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Do while is a looping technique used in C programming, which first executes the statement and then checks the conditions. So, it is exit controlled. While and for are entry controlled.