Pollution and Human Impact

Eutrophication is caused due to nutrient enrichment of water resulting in algal blooms.

This is the correct option as fertilisers, pesticides, petroleum oil and solid particles all are the causes of water pollution.

Soil and water get polluted when DDT is sprayed on crops.  When DDT is sprayed on the crops soil absorbs it and thus soil also gets polluted.

A crippling deforming caused by methyl mercury poisoning that was first described in the in habitants of Mina Mata bay, Japan and resulted from their eating first contaminated with mercury industrial waste. Itai Itai Water contaminated with cadmium can cause itai itai disease, lung & liver cancer itai itai also known as over disease (a painful decrease of bones & joints) caused by water contamination by cad mium.

Phytoplanktons are photosynthesising microscopic organisms that inhabit the upper sun-lit layer of almost all oceans and freshwater bodies. Thus, growth of phytoplanktons in water bodies is not responsible for water pollution. 

Non-point source pollution refers to diffuse contamination that does not easily attributed to a single source. Non-point source water pollution affects a water body from sources such as polluted runoff from agricultural areas draining into a river, or wind-borne debris blowing out to sea, whereas discharges from a sewage treatment plant, a factory, or a city storm drain are examples of point pollution sources of river water.

Industrial waste is the main factors of water pollution.

In this pollution, pollutants accumulate in the environment and may appear in the food chain, e.g. insecticides.

Overpopulation is the root of all other environmental issues.

Plastic is the most significant soil pollutant due to its non-biodegradable nature, massive global production, and persistence in soil for centuries. It physically alters soil structure, releases toxic chemicals, and fragments into microplastics that enter the food chain.

A pollutant is defined by its capacity to disrupt the natural equilibrium of environmental systems. This includes altering chemical compositions, physical properties, or biological relationships that maintain ecosystem stability.

 Lead is persistent in the environment and accumulates in soils and sediments through deposition from air sources, direct discharge of waste streams to water bodies, mining, and erosion.

Thermal pollution occurs when heated water from industrial cooling systems (especially power plants) is discharged into water bodies. This raises water temperatures, decreases dissolved oxygen, disrupts aquatic ecosystems, and can cause fish kills.

3,4-Benzpyrene (Benzo[a]pyrene) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and potent carcinogen. It's extremely harmful even at low concentrations, causing DNA damage and cancer. DDT, while toxic and persistent, is less immediately harmful than this carcinogen.

Domestic sewage contains organic matter that can be broken down by microorganisms through natural decomposition processes. Unlike polythene, alkanes, or mercury salts which are non-biodegradable and persist in the environment for long periods.