Civics Polity ยท Economics
Political and Economic Systems
1,987 Questions
Political and economic systems cover governance structures, economic ideologies, and class dynamics. Questions often explore capitalism, feudalism, totalitarianism, and libertarianism. This topic is essential for civil services and university entrance examinations, testing both political science and economics principles.
Political ideologiesTotalitarianism characteristicsCapitalism and anarchismMode of productionSocial class structures
Political and Economic Systems Questions
Which of the following is NOT a common strategy employed by authoritarian regimes to promote economic development?
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Central planning
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State-led industrialization
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Privatization
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Foreign direct investment
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Privatization is not typically employed by authoritarian regimes as a strategy to promote economic development, as it involves the transfer of state-owned assets to private ownership, which is often seen as undermining the regime's control over the economy.
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where authoritarian regimes use social welfare programs to gain popular support and legitimize their rule?
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Social authoritarianism
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Welfare authoritarianism
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Paternalistic authoritarianism
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Populist authoritarianism
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Welfare authoritarianism refers to the phenomenon where authoritarian regimes use social welfare programs to gain popular support and legitimize their rule, often providing basic services and benefits to the population in exchange for political loyalty.
What are the three main types of economic systems?
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Traditional, command, and market
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Capitalist, socialist, and mixed
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Developed, developing, and underdeveloped
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Public, private, and nonprofit
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The three main types of economic systems are traditional, command, and market. Traditional economic systems are based on customs and traditions, command economic systems are controlled by a central authority, and market economic systems are based on the forces of supply and demand.
What are some examples of contemporary oligarchies?
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Russia
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China
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Saudi Arabia
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All of the above
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Examples of contemporary oligarchies include Russia, China, and Saudi Arabia.
What are some of the contemporary examples of oligarchies?
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The People's Republic of China
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The Russian Federation
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Saudi Arabia
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All of the above
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The People's Republic of China, the Russian Federation, and Saudi Arabia are all contemporary examples of oligarchies.
What is the term used to describe a situation where a small group of wealthy individuals or families have disproportionate influence over a country's political and economic system?
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Kleptocracy
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Plutocracy
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Oligopoly
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Monopoly
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Plutocracy is a term used to describe a situation where a small group of wealthy individuals or families have disproportionate influence over a country's political and economic system.
Which contemporary country is often criticized for being an oligarchy due to the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few individuals?
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China
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Russia
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United States
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India
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Russia is often criticized for being an oligarchy due to the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few individuals who have close ties to the government.
What is the term used to describe a situation where a small group of individuals or families control a large portion of a country's wealth and resources?
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Oligopoly
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Monopoly
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Plutocracy
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Kleptocracy
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Plutocracy is a term used to describe a situation where a small group of individuals or families control a large portion of a country's wealth and resources, often leading to political influence and social inequality.
What is the role of violence in anarchist thought?
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Violence is always justified as a means of achieving anarchist goals.
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Violence is never justified under any circumstances.
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Violence may be justified in some cases, but it should be used as a last resort.
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Violence is a necessary tool for achieving anarchist goals.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Anarchists generally believe that violence should be avoided whenever possible, but that it may be justified in some cases, such as self-defense or in response to state repression.
What are the two main dimensions of political identity?
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Left-right and authoritarian-libertarian.
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Liberal-conservative and progressive-regressive.
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Socialist-capitalist and nationalist-internationalist.
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Environmentalist-anti-environmentalist and pro-life-pro-choice.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The two main dimensions of political identity are left-right and authoritarian-libertarian. The left-right dimension represents an individual's position on economic issues, with the left favoring government intervention in the economy and the right favoring free markets. The authoritarian-libertarian dimension represents an individual's position on social issues, with authoritarians favoring social order and conformity and libertarians favoring individual freedom and autonomy.
What is the central tenet of anarchism?
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The belief in a stateless society
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The belief in a strong central government
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The belief in a free-market economy
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The belief in a socialist society
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates for the abolition of the state and all forms of involuntary coercion.
What is the name of the anarchist school of thought that emphasizes the importance of individual autonomy and self-determination?
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Anarcho-capitalism
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Anarcho-communism
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Anarcho-syndicalism
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Individualist anarchism
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Individualist anarchism is a school of thought that emphasizes the importance of individual autonomy and self-determination.
What is the name of the anarchist school of thought that emphasizes the importance of workers' self-management and control over the means of production?
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Anarcho-capitalism
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Anarcho-communism
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Anarcho-syndicalism
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Individualist anarchism
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Anarcho-syndicalism is a school of thought that emphasizes the importance of workers' self-management and control over the means of production.
What is the name of the anarchist school of thought that emphasizes the importance of non-violence and pacifism?
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Anarcho-capitalism
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Anarcho-communism
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Anarcho-syndicalism
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Christian anarchism
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Christian anarchism is a school of thought that emphasizes the importance of non-violence and pacifism.
What is the name of the anarchist school of thought that emphasizes the importance of cultural diversity and the right to self-determination for indigenous peoples?
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Anarcho-capitalism
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Anarcho-communism
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Anarcho-syndicalism
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Indigenous anarchism
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Indigenous anarchism is a school of thought that emphasizes the importance of cultural diversity and the right to self-determination for indigenous peoples.