Biology

Plant Transport and Physiology

1,834 Questions

Access a comprehensive set of questions on plant transport mechanisms and physiological adaptations. Topics include water movement, translocation of food, and plant responses to external stimuli. These biology questions are essential for medical entrance exams and other science competitive tests.

Xylem and phloem transportTranspiration and evaporationPlant adaptationsGeotropic and phototropic responsesWater absorption by rootsRespiration in roots

Plant Transport and Physiology Questions

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology morphology of leaf structure of a leaf the leaf

In floating leaved plants, stomata occur on.

  1. Lower surface

  2. Upper surface

  3. Both surfaces

  4. Absent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hydrophytes, in which root system is rooted in the soil and their leaves float on the surface of water. In these leaves, stomata are present on the upper epidermis or surface. Such leaves are called Epistomatous leaves. Eg:Nelumbo, Nympheae.

So, the correct option is ‘Upper surface’.

Multiple choice biology the leaf morphology of leaf structure of a leaf basics of leaf and flower

Main function of leaf is _____.

  1. Transpiration

  2. Exchange of gases

  3. Photosynthesis

  4. Cooling
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The main function of leaf is photosynthesis. It produces food for the plant. It has a photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll which converts solar energy into chemical energy. The leaf is also involved in the transpiration process. The transpiration process helps in cooling of plant. The exchanges of gases takes place through stomata present on the leaves.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Photosynthesis.'

Multiple choice evs let's plant trees damaging the forests deforestation and afforestation protecting our environment pollution of soil degradation of land

Plants control the humidity in air by

  1. Photosynthesis

  2. Transpiration

  3. Photorespiration

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plants absorb water from the soil and looses it to the atmosphere by transpiration,hence,control the humidity in air by acting as a water exchanger between ground and atmosphere.

Multiple choice botany kingdom plantae uses of bryophytes introduction to bryophytes cryptogams

Water is essential for Bryophyta, because

  1. For fertilization and homosporous nature.

  2. Water should be filled in archegonium for fertilization.

  3. Water is necessary for movement of sperm.

  4. For dissemination spores.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sexual reproduction involves the mixing of genes from two different parents to give offspring with a genetic make-up similar to, but different from, each parent. In Bryophytes the process requires the production of male gametes (sperm), female gametes (eggs) and some means of getting the sperm to the eggs. The gametes are produced on the gametophytes. Water is essential for sexual reproduction in Bryophytes, since it is water that carries the sperm to the egg.

Multiple choice botany kingdom plantae uses of bryophytes introduction to bryophytes cryptogams

Funaria requires water because ___________________.

  1. Fertilisation occurs in water only

  2. Funaria is a hydrophyte

  3. Plants need water for gametogenesis

  4. Gametangia cannot develop without water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fertilisation of Funaria occurs in water. The antherozoids are released into the water where they swim and reach archegonium, An antherozoid fuses with the egg to produce the zygote. thus, an external layer of water is essential for the swimming of male gametes to the archegonia.

So the correct option is A.

Multiple choice botany kingdom plantae uses of bryophytes introduction to bryophytes cryptogams

Bryophytes are dependent on water because

  1. Archegonium has to remain filled with water for fertilization.

  2. Water is essential for fertilization for homosporous nature.

  3. Water is essential for vegetative propagation.

  4. The sperms can easily reach up to the egg in the archegonium.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophytes require water to reproduce. The male gametes (sperm) require water to reach the female gamete. The fact that they are non-vascular plant only accounts for their small size and not why they are dependent on water.

Multiple choice biology cell-the basic unit of life nucleus organelles in cell membranous and non-membranous organells

Abhi conducted an experiment to investigate what would happen when different cell organelles of a balsam plant leaf are removed. The results are recorded in the table given.

Cell parts Out comes
P The cell cannot function properly.
Q Iodine solution remains yellowish brown.
R The cell cannot control the entry and exit of the substances.
S The cell loses its regular shape

Identify the cell parts P, Q, R and S.

(P) (Q) (R) (S)
(A) Nucleus Chloroplast Cell wall Cytoplasm
(B) Cytoplasm Chloroplast Nucleus Cell membrane
(C) Nucleus Chloroplast Cell membrane Cell wall
(D) Nucleus Chloroplast Cell wall Cell membrane

  1. A

  2. B

  3. C

  4. D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The label P is the nucleus is the controlling centre of the cell. All the activities of the cell are controlled and regulated by the nucleus and the cell cannot function properly in the absence of this organelle. 
The label Q is the chloroplast which is responsible for making food in the form of starch which turns the iodine solution to bluish black. In the absence of chloroplast, the solution remains yellowish brown.
The label R is the cell membrane which controls the entry and the exit of the molecules.
The label S refers to the cell wall which maintains the shape of the cell.
Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Some leaves are removed from the stem cutting planted for vegetative propagation. This is done

  1. To increase water uptake

  2. Because it helps in rooting of cutting

  3. To reduce water loss

  4. Because the cutting need less food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Water is lost through stomata in leaves. If leaves are removed water can be conserved for other physiological processes.

Multiple choice

What is a stomata?

  1. an hole on a plant that allows water or gas to go through

  2. a hole on a plant that allows it to eat

  3. a hole on a plant that allows it to absorb the Sun's energy

  4. an ugly part of a plant
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Stomata are tiny openings or pores, usually found on the underside of leaves, that facilitate gas exchange, such as taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen and water vapor.

Multiple choice evs identifying the plants absorption of water from the soil root system the root system

A tissue with spiral thickening in the cell wall capable of absorbing water from air is known as

  1. Cork

  2. Velamen

  3. Epiblema

  4. Hypodermis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Velamen is a spongy, multiple epidermis that covers the roots of some epiphytic or semi-epiphytic plants, such as orchid and Clivia species. The velamen of an orchid is the white or gray covering of aerial roots. It is many cell layers thick and capable of absorbing atmospheric moisture and nutrients. Often, the roots of orchids are associated with symbiotic fungi or bacteria. The latter may fix nutrients from the air. This functionality allows the orchid to exist in locations that provide a reproductive or vegetative advantage such as improved exposure or reduced competition from other plant species. The velamen also serves a mechanical function, protecting the vascular tissues in the root cortex, shielding the root from transpirational water loss and in many cases, adhering the plant to the substrate. Velamen is not found in breathing roots of halophytes, parasitic plants and all aerial roots. Cork, epiblema and hypodermis are not capable of absorbing water from air. 
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs identifying the plants absorption of water from the soil root system the root system

Most water absorption in plants takes place through

  1. Root cap

  2. Root apex

  3. Root hair

  4. Meristematic zone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Plants absorb water through the entire surface using roots, stems and leaves. However, mainly the water is absorbed by roots. The area of young roots where most absorption takes place is the root hair zone. The root hairs are delicate structures which get continuously replaced by new ones at an average rate of 100 millions per day. The root hairs lack cuticle and provide a large surface area. They are extensions of the epidermal cells. They have sticky walls by which they adhere tightly to soil particles. As the root hairs are extremely thin and large in number, they provide enormous surface area for absorption. They take in water from the intervening spaces mainly by osmosis. So, most water absorption in plants takes place through root hair zone and not by root apex, root cap or meristematic zone.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs identifying the plants absorption of water from the soil root system the root system

Which of the following is not a function of the roots?

  1. Anchoring of plant

  2. Absorption of water

  3. Absorption of mineral salts

  4. Preparation of starch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Roots are the part of the plant that lies below the soil surface. It is an important part of a plant and plays many major roles such as acting as an anchor for the plant. Since it lies in the soil, it also absorbs and transports nutrients and water from the soil. It also prevents soil erosion.

Starch preparation is done by chlorophyll present in leaves.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.