Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,796 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following hierarchial categories is the topmost taxonomical category?

  1. Species

  2. Genus

  3. Class

  4. Kingdom
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In the hierarchical biological classification system, Kingdom is the broadest category, encompassing all related organisms. The hierarchy from broadest to most specific is: Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species. Humans belong to Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, etc.

Multiple choice

Hydrilla is an example of

  1. submerged hydrophyte

  2. floating hydrophyte

  3. swamp plant

  4. emergent plant

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following types of inflorescence is found in carrot?

  1. Catkin

  2. Corymb

  3. Spike

  4. Umbel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Carrot (Daucus carota) has an umbel inflorescence - flat-topped with flower stalks arising from a common point like umbrella ribs. Catkin is a hanging spike (oak, willow). Corymb is flat-topped but outer flowers have longer stalks. Spike has flowers directly on the main axis without stalks.

Multiple choice

The family Ephedraceae, having ephedrine producing plants, belongs to

  1. Algae

  2. Bryophytes

  3. Gymnosperms

  4. Angiosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ephedraceae is a family of gymnosperms that includes the genus Ephedra, which produces ephedrine. They are non-flowering seed plants with naked seeds, classified in the division Gnetophyta within gymnosperms, not algae, bryophytes, or angiosperms.

Multiple choice

Ginkgo resembles ferns having

  1. non-motile sperms

  2. many-ciliated spermatozoids

  3. no ventral canal cell in the archegonia

  4. reticulated leaves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Ginkgo resembles ferns having reticulated leaves.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following hydrophytes has its roots fixed in mud and leaves floating on water ?

  1. Ceratophyllum

  2. Najas

  3. Trapa

  4. Utricularia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Trapa (water chestnut) is a floating-leaf hydrophyte - its roots are fixed in mud at the bottom, while leaves float on the water surface. Ceratophyllum, Najas, and Utricularia are submerged hydrophytes that float freely or are completely underwater without roots anchored in mud.

Multiple choice

Match list I (Region) with list II (Contribution to) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

List I List II
A. Apical cell of 2-celled embryo 1. Emergence of cotyledons
B. Basal cell of 2-called embryo 2. Differentiation of root and shoot
C. Torpedo stage embryo 3. Root apex and suspensor
D. Globularmbryo 4. Bulk of the embryo proper

  1. A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4

  2. A-1 B-3 C-2 D-4

  3. A-4 B-2 C-3 D-1

  4. A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In plant embryogenesis, the apical cell of the 2-celled embryo develops into the embryo proper (bulk of the embryo), while the basal cell forms the suspensor and root apex. The torpedo stage shows clear differentiation of root and shoot, and the globular stage precedes cotyledon emergence. This developmental sequence follows the standard pattern in dicot embryogenesis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct sequence in hierarchy?

  1. Phylum, Class, Family, Species, Order

  2. Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class

  3. Species, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class

  4. Class, Family, Species, Genus, Order
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The correct taxonomic hierarchy from specific to general is: Species → Genus → Family → Order → Class → Phylum → Kingdom. Option B correctly lists Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class in hierarchical order.

Multiple choice

Which of the following consists of a group of interbreeding organisms?

  1. Class

  2. Species

  3. Family

  4. Genus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A species is defined as a group of interbreeding organisms that can produce fertile offspring. This biological species concept emphasizes reproductive isolation as the key criterion. Higher taxa like class, family, and genus contain multiple species and do not necessarily represent interbreeding groups.