Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,473 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following are not cryptogams?

  1. Thallophytes

  2. Bryophytes

  3. Pteridophytes

  4. Gymnosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cryptogams are plants that reproduce via hidden spores (non-seed plants): Thallophytes, Bryophytes, and Pteridophytes. Gymnosperms are PHANEROGAMS (seed plants) because they reproduce via visible seeds, not hidden spores.

Multiple choice

Which of the following organisms are called ‘amphibians’ of the plant kingdom?

  1. Bryophytes

  2. Pteridophytes

  3. Gymnosperms

  4. Angiosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Amphibians are those organisms which live on both land and in water. Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom because these plants, though living in soil, need water for sexual reproduction. The sperms of bryophyte (antherozoids) are flagellate and need water to swim to the eggs. In other words, as these plants need water for reproduction unlike other plants, they are called as amphibians.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are called flowering plants?

  1. Bryophytes

  2. Pteridophytes

  3. Angiosperms

  4. Gymnosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Angiosperms are called flowering plants because they produce flowers as their reproductive structures. Bryophytes (mosses) and Pteridophytes (ferns) reproduce via spores, while Gymnosperms have naked seeds without flowers.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of pteridophytes?

  1. Flowering plants

  2. Undifferentiated plant body

  3. Well developed vascular tissues

  4. Unicellular sex organs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pteridophytes are vascular plants that include ferns and horsetails. Unlike bryophytes (mosses), they possess well-developed xylem and phloem tissues for efficient water and nutrient transport. Flowering plants are angiosperms, which evolved later. Pteridophytes have multicellular sex organs, not unicellular ones.

Multiple choice

The organisms with well differentiated reproductive organs are called

  1. cryptogams

  2. phanerogams

  3. thallophytes

  4. xerophytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Phanerogams (spermatophytes) are plants with visible, well-differentiated reproductive organs - essentially seed plants including gymnosperms and angiosperms. Cryptogams (like algae and fungi) have hidden reproductive structures. Thallophytes are simple plants without differentiated stems/roots/leaves. Xerophytes are plants adapted to dry conditions, not a reproductive classification.

Multiple choice

Which of the following organisms belong to phylum Thallophyta?

  1. Algae

  2. Mosses

  3. Ferns

  4. Fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Algae are classified under Thallophyta - simple plant-like organisms with undifferentiated body (thallus). Mosses are bryophytes, ferns are pteridophytes (vascular plants), and fungi form their own separate kingdom. Algae share the thallophyte characteristic of lacking true stems, roots, and leaves.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a pair of Phaeophyceae?

  1. Gelidium and Fucus

  2. Batrachospermum and Gelidium

  3. Vaucheria and Nostoc

  4. Laminaria and Fucus

  5. Nostoc and Laminaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Laminaria and Fucus are genus of several species of Phaeophyceae (brown algae).

Multiple choice

Match the following organisms with their respective classes.

Organism Class
1. Salamander i. Reptilia
2. Lizard ii. Aves
3. Dinosour iii. Amphibia
4. Peacock iv. Mamalia
5. Seal v. Pisces

  1. 1 - iii, 2 - i, 3 - iv, 4 - ii, 5 - v

  2. 1 - iii, 2 & 3 - i, 4 - ii, 5 - iv

  3. 1 - i, 2 - iv, 3 - v, 4 - ii, 5 - iii

  4. 1 - i, 2 - iii, 3 & 4 - ii, 5 - v
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Organism Class
1. Salamander iii. Amphibia
2. Lizard i. Reptilia
3. Dinosour i. Reptilia
4. Peacock ii. Aves
5. Seal iv. Mamalia
Multiple choice

Why are algae called thallophytes?

  1. As they are unicellular.

  2. As they are autotrophic.

  3. As they have undifferentiated body.

  4. As they float on ponds and stagnant pools.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Algae are thallophytes as they have undifferentiated body. This means that they do not have root, stem or leaf.

Multiple choice

Why are bryophytes called cryptogams?

  1. As they contain photosynthetic pigments.

  2. As they do not bear flowers.

  3. As they do not have true roots, stems and leaves.

  4. As they can make their own food.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cryptogams are non-flowering plants, i.e. plants do not bear flowers. Thallophytes, bryophytes and pteridophytes are called cryptogams.

Multiple choice

Why are bryophytes called 'amphibians of the plant kingdom'?

  1. Because they respire in water.

  2. Because they reproduce by spores.

  3. Because they live in water and on land.

  4. Because they grow on damp walls and tree trunks.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophytes are called the 'amphibians of the plant kingdom' because they live on land, but reproduce in water.