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Pharmacology and Therapeutics

1,699 Questions

Engage with critical pharmacology and therapeutics questions covering drug classifications and therapeutic mechanisms. Topics include chemical absorption, medication formulations, and pharmacogenomics. This collection is useful for students preparing for medical entrance, nursing, and science competitive examinations.

Chemical absorption routesDrug formulation typesMedication mechanismsEnzyme inhibitorsPharmacogenomic tests

Pharmacology and Therapeutics Questions

Multiple choice

Which type of antibody is used in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)?

  1. Monoclonal antibodies

  2. Polyclonal antibodies

  3. IgM antibodies

  4. IgE antibodies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are composed of a monoclonal antibody linked to a cytotoxic drug. The monoclonal antibody targets the cancer cells, while the cytotoxic drug kills the cancer cells.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the use of multiple medications by a single patient?

  1. Polypharmacy

  2. Monotherapy

  3. Combination therapy

  4. Sequential therapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polypharmacy is the term for the use of multiple medications by a single patient.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a potential consequence of polypharmacy in the elderly?

  1. Increased risk of drug interactions

  2. Improved adherence to medication regimens

  3. Reduced risk of adverse drug reactions

  4. Enhanced cognitive function
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polypharmacy in the elderly can increase the risk of drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and decreased adherence to medication regimens.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a commonly used bronchodilator?

  1. Salmeterol

  2. Ipratropium bromide

  3. Montelukast

  4. Dextromethorphan
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Salmeterol is a long-acting beta2-agonist bronchodilator used to prevent and treat bronchospasm in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Multiple choice

What is the mechanism of action of inhaled corticosteroids?

  1. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

  2. Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors

  3. Reduction of airway inflammation

  4. Stimulation of mucus production
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Inhaled corticosteroids reduce airway inflammation by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and eosinophils.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a commonly used mucolytic agent?

  1. Guaifenesin

  2. Acetylcysteine

  3. Ambroxol

  4. Bromhexine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Guaifenesin is an expectorant that works by increasing the volume and fluidity of respiratory secretions, making them easier to cough up.

Multiple choice

What is the primary mechanism of action of leukotriene modifiers?

  1. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

  2. Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors

  3. Reduction of airway inflammation

  4. Antagonism of leukotriene receptors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Leukotriene modifiers work by blocking the actions of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators involved in asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a commonly used inhaled anticholinergic?

  1. Salmeterol

  2. Ipratropium bromide

  3. Montelukast

  4. Dextromethorphan
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ipratropium bromide is a short-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator used to relieve bronchospasm in asthma and COPD.

Multiple choice

What is the mechanism of action of theophylline?

  1. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

  2. Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors

  3. Reduction of airway inflammation

  4. Stimulation of mucus production
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Theophylline inhibits phosphodiesterase, an enzyme that breaks down cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), resulting in increased intracellular cAMP levels and bronchodilation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a commonly used cough suppressant?

  1. Guaifenesin

  2. Acetylcysteine

  3. Ambroxol

  4. Dextromethorphan
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Dextromethorphan is a non-opioid cough suppressant that acts by reducing the activity of the cough center in the medulla oblongata.

Multiple choice

What is the mechanism of action of nasal decongestants?

  1. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

  2. Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors

  3. Reduction of airway inflammation

  4. Vasoconstriction of nasal blood vessels
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nasal decongestants work by constricting the blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing swelling and congestion.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a commonly used inhaled corticosteroid?

  1. Salmeterol

  2. Ipratropium bromide

  3. Montelukast

  4. Fluticasone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fluticasone is a commonly used inhaled corticosteroid used to prevent and treat asthma and COPD.

Multiple choice

What is the mechanism of action of cromolyn sodium?

  1. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

  2. Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors

  3. Reduction of airway inflammation

  4. Stabilization of mast cell membranes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cromolyn sodium works by stabilizing mast cell membranes, preventing the release of inflammatory mediators.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a commonly used long-acting beta2-agonist?

  1. Salmeterol

  2. Ipratropium bromide

  3. Montelukast

  4. Dextromethorphan
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Salmeterol is a long-acting beta2-agonist bronchodilator used to prevent and treat bronchospasm in asthma and COPD.

Multiple choice

What is the mechanism of action of nedocromil sodium?

  1. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

  2. Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors

  3. Reduction of airway inflammation

  4. Inhibition of mast cell degranulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nedocromil sodium works by inhibiting the degranulation of mast cells, preventing the release of inflammatory mediators.