Chemistry

Periodic Classification and Elements

1,176 Questions

Periodic classification organizes chemical elements based on atomic structure, periodic laws, and elemental properties. It covers historical classification systems, electron configurations, and periodic trends. Test takers preparing for chemistry sections will find these questions crucial for mastering fundamental element properties and atomic interactions.

Periodic table structureAtomic orbitalsElement identificationPeriodic laws

Periodic Classification and Elements Questions

Multiple choice chemistry periodic table development of the modern periodic table into the history mendeleef's periodic table

The attempt for classifying elements by plotting the atomic masses of elements against the volumes was made by:

  1. Dobereiner

  2. Newland

  3. Lother Meyer

  4. Mendeleev
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lothar Meyer (1869) tried to classify by plotting a graph of atomic volume versus atomic masses of different elements. 


According to this if the atomic weights were plotted as ordinates and the atomic volumes as abscissae-the curve obtained a series of maxima and minima-the most electropositive elements appearing at the peaks of the curve in order of their atomic weights and electronegative element at the ascending positions.

Option C is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry periodic table development of the modern periodic table into the history mendeleef's periodic table

In Lother Meyer's curve most electronegative elements or halogens occupied ___________________.

  1. Peaks.

  2. Ascending positions.

  3. Descending positions.

  4. Halogens were not shown.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

According to this if the atomic weights were plotted as ordinates and the atomic volumes as abscissae-the curve obtained a series of maxima and minima-the most electropositive elements appearing at the peaks of the curve in order of their atomic weights and the electronegative element at the ascending positions.

Multiple choice chemistry periodic table development of the modern periodic table into the history mendeleef's periodic table

The periodic table of today owes its development to two chemists namely:

  1. Rutherford and Moseley

  2. Alexander Newlands and Dobereiner

  3. Dmitri Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer

  4. de Broglie and Neil Bohr
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The periodic table of today owes its development to two chemists namely the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev and the German chemist J. Lother Meyer. In 1869, they independently proposed that when the elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic weights, similarities in physical and chemical properties appear at regular intervals.

Multiple choice chemistry periodic table development of the modern periodic table into the history mendeleef's periodic table

Which prediction(s) is/are incorrect according to the Lother Meyer's curve?

  1. Each peak of the curve is occupied by the alkali metals

  2. Alkaline earth metals occupy ascending positions of curve

  3. Atomic volume increases first and then decreases in a period (which is defined later) in Lother Meyer's curve

  4. Identically placed elements in the atomic volume vs atomic mass curve occur in the same period in the periodic table
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

Lothar Meyer - Meyers Curve:

1.Plotted the atomic volumes of the elements against the atomic weight, and found that the chemical properties of the element recur periodically.

2.Also notice that the elements occupying the corresponding position of the curve show similar chemical properties.

If we see the atomic mass versus atomic volume curve, we will notice the following features:

i)Alkali metals such as $Na, K, Rb$ which have similar properties occur as peaks of the curve.

ii) Halogen elements like $F, Cl, Br$ which have similar properties occur at the rising or the ascending part of the curve.

iii) Noble gasses such as $Ne, Ar, Kr$ which have similar properties occur just before the alkali elements.

So option A is correct, B,C & D are incorrect.

Hence options B,C & D are correct.

Multiple choice chemistry non-metals introduction to non-metals occurence of metals occurrence of metals and non metals

Which statement is false?

  1. Elements of VB group are transition elements

  2. Elements of VA group are all metalloids

  3. Elements of IA and IIA groups are metals

  4. Elements of IVA group are neither strongly electronegative nor strongly electropositive
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In element of $VA$ only arsenic and antimony are metalloids where as nitrogen and phosphorus are non metal. Bismuth and moscovium are metal.

Multiple choice chemistry non-metals introduction to non-metals occurence of metals occurrence of metals and non metals

The most abundant element in the universe is:

  1. helium

  2. oxygen

  3. silicon

  4. hydrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hydrogen is more plentiful than any other element making up about 3/4th the mass of the universe. Helium is second making up almost all of the remaining $25\%$. Oxygen is third most abundant element of universe. On earth, oxygen is the most common element making up about $47\%$ of earth's mass.

Multiple choice chemistry non-metals introduction to non-metals occurence of metals occurrence of metals and non metals

Which valence shell electrons arrangement is that of a metallic element?

  1. 2, 1

  2. 2, 4

  3. 2, 5

  4. 2, 7
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Answer : $2, 1$

(1) $2, 1$ valence shell electrons arrangement for Lithium metal. (electronic configuration is $1s^{2} 2s^{1}$
(2) Other valence shell $e^{\ominus}$ are $p-$block elements of which is generally non-metals of metalloids.

Multiple choice chemistry non-metals introduction to non-metals occurence of metals occurrence of metals and non metals

In general, the number of electrons in the outermost shell of a metal atom is:

  1. 1

  2. 1-3

  3. 1-8

  4. 8
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Metals have 1-3 electrons in their outermost orbit. They are present on the extreme left of the periodic table. They tend to donate electrons and obtain the stable electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas. The valency on metals also ranges from 1-3.


Hence, the correct option is $B$

Multiple choice chemistry metals and non metals introduction to non-metals occurence of metals occurrence of metals and non metals

State whether true or false :

All the elements having one electron in their outermost shell are metals.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hydrogen has one electron in its outermost shell with electronic configuration of $1s^1$ but it is a non-metal. therefore all elements having one electron in their outermost shell are not metals. Hydrogen is an exception.


 Therefore, option B is correct.