Quantitative Aptitude

Percentage

482 Questions
All Successive Percentage Changes 177 Population Growth and Depreciation 103 Fractional Base Multiplication 58 Reverse More-Than and Less-Than Comparisons 38 Income, Expenditure, and Savings 33 Price and Consumption 30 Election Votes and Margins 10 Fake Weight and Faulty Measures 10 Venn Diagram Percentages 9 Passing Marks Shifts 5 Fresh vs. Dry Mixture 2

Percentage Questions

Multiple choice

The income of a man was first reduced by 50%. Again his income was increased by 50%. How much percent was his loss or gain?

  1. No loss or gain

  2. 25% loss

  3. 25% gain

  4. 30% loss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let original income = 100. After 50% reduction: 100 × 0.5 = 50. After 50% increase: 50 × 1.5 = 75. Final income is 75, which is a 25% loss from original 100. The loss occurs because the 50% increase applies to the reduced amount (50), not the original (100).

Multiple choice

The monthly income of a person was Rs 13500 and his monthly expenditure was Rs 9000. Next year his income increased by 14% and his expenditure increased by 7%. The percent increase in his savings was

  1. 71

  2. 21

  3. 28

  4. 35
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Original savings = 13500 - 9000 = 4500. New income = 13500×1.14 = 15390. New expenditure = 9000×1.07 = 9630. New savings = 15390 - 9630 = 5760. Percentage increase = (5760-4500)/4500 × 100 = 1260/4500 × 100 = 28%.

Multiple choice

In a certain year the percentage of males, females in a village are 45% and 35% respectively and the remaining are children. In the next year the number of males is increased by 100/9%, number of females is increased by 500 and the number of children is increased by 25% due to this change the population of village is increased by 1200. Find the number of females initially present in the village.

  1. 2350

  2. 2230

  3. 2450

  4. 2000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let the initial population be P. Then males = 45% of P = 0.45P, females = 35% of P = 0.35P, and children = 20% of P = 0.20P. Male increase = 100/9% of 0.45P = (100/9 × 1/100) × 0.45P = 0.05P. Female increase = 500. Child increase = 25% of 0.20P = 0.05P. Total increase = 0.05P + 500 + 0.05P = 0.10P + 500 = 1200. Solving: 0.10P = 700, so P = 7000. Initial females = 0.35 × 7000 = 2450.

Multiple choice

The population of towns A and B is the ratio of 1 : 4. For the next 2 years, the population of A would increase and that of B would decrease by the same percentage every year. After 2 years, their population became equal. What is the percentage change in the population? शहरों A और B की जनसंख्या का अनुपात 1:4 है। अगले 2 वर्षों में, A की जनसंख्या में वृद्धि होगी और B की जनसंख्या में प्रत्येक वर्ष समान प्रतिशत की कमी आएगी। 2 साल बाद उनकी आबादी बराबर हो गई। जनसंख्या में प्रतिशत परिवर्तन कितना है?

  1. 33.33%

  2. 66.66%

  3. 25%

  4. 20%

  5. 21 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let population ratio be A:B=1:4, so A=x, B=4x. After 2 years with percentage change p: A(1+p/100)²=B(1-p/100)². This gives x(1+p/100)²=4x(1-p/100)². Taking square roots: 1+p/100=2(1-p/100). Solving: 1+p/100=2-2p/100, so 3p/100=1, p=100/3=33.33%.

Multiple choice

The price of sugar has increased by 32\%. A person wants to increase his expenditure only by 11\% then find by what approximate percent should he decrease his consumption ?

  1. 15.1%

  2. 15%

  3. 14.5%

  4. 16%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let original price = 100, consumption = 100. New price = 132. Desired expenditure = 111. New consumption = 111/132 × 100 ≈ 84.09. Decrease = 100 - 84.09 ≈ 15.91%. Wait - let me recalculate: Expenditure = Price × Consumption. If only 11% increase allowed: 111 = 132 × NewCons, so NewCons = 111/132 ≈ 0.8409. Decrease = (1 - 0.8409) × 100 ≈ 15.91%. Hmm, this gives ~15.9%, not 16%. Let me verify: (111/132) = 0.8409, so decrease is 15.91%. 16% is approximate.

Multiple choice

A two digit number (x) is increased by (x)% , as a result it becomes 29.76. The number was increased by a percentage equal to the number obtained by reversing the digits of the original number. The resultant would have been?
  1. $34.08$
  2. $36.76$
  3. $33.98$
  4. $31.68$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let x be the two-digit number. After x% increase: x(1 + x/100) = 29.76. Solving gives x = 24 (since 24 × 1.24 = 29.76). Reversed digits give 81. After 81% increase: 24(1 + 81/100) = 24 × 1.81 = 43.44. This doesn't match the options. Actually, let's verify: if x = 18, then 18 × 1.18 = 21.24 (not 29.76). If x = 24, then 24 × 1.24 = 29.76. Reversing gives 42, so 24 × 1.42 = 34.08, which matches option A.

Multiple choice

The price of oil increases by 8.33% and its consumption decreases by 10%. What is the percentage increase/decrease in the expenditure on it?

  1. 2.5%

  2. 7.14%

  3. 5%

  4. 3.4%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let initial price = 100, consumption = 100 units. New price = 108.33, new consumption = 90. Initial expenditure = 100 × 100 = 10000. New expenditure = 108.33 × 90 = 9749.7. Change = (9749.7-10000)/10000 × 100 = -2.5%. Option C (5% decrease) would require final expenditure of 9500, which is too large a drop.

Multiple choice

The area of the rectangle is (400 m^2). Both length and breadth are increased by 10%. The total increase of the area in percentage is equal to?

  1. 22%

  2. 21%

  3. 20%

  4. 24%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When length and breadth both increase by 10%, new area = (1.10L) × (1.10B) = 1.21LB. The increase is 21%. Alternatively: successive percentage changes of 10% and 10% follow the formula a + b + (ab/100) = 10 + 10 + (10×10/100) = 21%. Option B (21%) is correct. Options A (22%), C (20%), and D (24%) are incorrect.

Multiple choice

Vedant's salary decreased by 60% and then increased by 60%. Find the overall percentage reduction of Vedant's salary.

  1. 64%

  2. 36%

  3. 24%

  4. 40%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When a value decreases by 60%, it becomes 40% of original (multiply by 0.4). Increasing this result by 60% means multiplying by 1.6: 100 × 0.4 × 1.6 = 64. So the final salary is 64% of original, representing a 36% reduction. Options A (64%) and C (24%) are common errors from incorrectly adding/subtracting percentages.