Para Jumbles

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. Land areas warm and cool more rapidly than water bodies do. B. It sometimes reduces maximum temperatures by 8 °C (15 °F) or more along a narrow coastal strip and greatly modifies the local climate. C. For that reason, cooler, denser air often flows from water to land (sea or lake breeze) during the day, and from land to water (land breeze) at night. D. Because the temperature contrast is usually greater during the day in summer, the sea breeze is the stronger. E. Similarly, a valley breeze is produced by rapid warming of the valley floor that causes the air to expand and flow up the slopes.
2. The rising currents sometimes trigger thunderstorms over the mountains.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. There are variations between countries in the celebration of April Fools’ Day, but all have in common an excuse to make someone play the fool. B. In France, for example, the fooled person is called poisson d’avril (“April fish”). C. It is common for French children to pin a paper fish to the backs of unsuspecting friends. D. This perhaps, is in reference to a young fish and hence, to one that is easily caught. E. In Scotland, the day is Gowkie Day, for the gowk or cuckoo, a symbol of the fool.
2. On the following day, signs reading “kick me” and “gowk” are pinned to friends’ backs.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in a proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. Dance is used as therapy by ritual societies in many cultures. B. Hausa women, for example, find healing through dance and spirit possession in the Bori cult. C. During a three-month period in a house shrine, the sufferer is taught songs and dances that are joined by the members of the society to perform the Ajun-Kpa dance. D. Many African religions are based on a bond of continuity between the living and their dead ancestors. E. Among the Jukun of Nigeria, a similar organization to Bori cult is called the Ajun.
2. The complex web of human relationships is continuously renewed and restated at ritual festivals through the arts.

Directions: In the question below, the 1^st and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. Aircraft such as balloons, nonrigid airships (blimps), and dirigibles are designed to contain within their structure a sufficient volume. B. When they are filled with a gas lighter than air (heated air, hydrogen, or helium), they displace the surrounding ambient air and float, just as a cork does on the water. C. Dirigibles are no longer in use, but they were lighter-than-air craft with a rigid internal structure, which was usually very large, D. It proved impossible to construct dirigibles of sufficient strength to withstand routine operation under all weather conditions. E. Balloons are not steerable and drift with the wind.
2. Most of them suffered disaster, either breaking up in a storm or through ignition of the hydrogen.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. The proper treatment of animals is a very old question in the West. B. For example, the Pythagoreans and the Neoplatonists urged respect for animals' interests. C. In his biological writings, Aristotle repeatedly suggested that animals lived for their own sake. D. Ancient Greek and Roman philosophers debated the place of animals in human morality. E. Because these thinkers believed in the transmigration of souls between human and animal bodies.
2. But his claim in the Politics that nature made all animals for the sake of humans was unfortunately destined to become his most influential statement on the subject.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in a proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. In 1690, Sir William Temple wrote Essay upon Ancient and Modern Learning. B. William Wotton responded to Temple’s charges in his reflections upon Ancient and Modern Learning. C. Temple attacked the members of the Royal Society, rejected the doctrine of progress of moderns and supported the virtuosity and excellence of ancient learning. D. He praised the Moderns in most but not all branches of learning. E. Jonathan Swift, defending his patron Temple, satirized the conflict in his Tale of a Tub (1704), and more importantly, in The Battle of the Books (1704).
2. At a later date, Swift was to make an even more devastating attack on the Royal Society in Gulliver’s Travels, Book III.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6, respectively. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination from amongst the given alternatives.

1. Biofuel is any fuel that is derived from biomass — plant material or animal waste. B. Biofuel is perceived by its advocates as a cost-effective and environmentally benign alternative to petroleum and other fossil fuels. C. Primarily because of rising petroleum prices and increased concern over the contributions made by fossil fuels to global warming. D. Since such feedstock material can be replenished readily, biofuel is considered to be a source of renewable energy. E. Many critics express concerns about the scope of the expansion of certain biofuels.
2. Mainly because of the economic and environmental costs associated with the refining process and the removal of vast areas of arable land from food production.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6, respectively. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination from amongst the given alternatives.

1. At the age of 17, Cooper was apprenticed to a coach maker, whom he served so well that he was given a salary, and at the end of his apprenticeship was offered a loan to go into coach making on his own. B. A few years later, he saw opportunity in another industry and switched to supplying the rapidly growing markets for glue and isinglass, building up a large business he plunged into still another enterprise. C. Young Cooper instead went into the business of manufacturing and selling machines for shearing cloth. D. This was the Canton Iron Works, built on 3,000 acres of land in Baltimore, primarily to supply the new Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company. E. The route of the railroad, however, was so hilly and twisting that English engineers despaired of running an engine over it.
2. Cooper at once undertook to build a suitable locomotive and by 1830 had the diminutive but powerful “Tom Thumb" experimentally pulling a load of 40 persons at 10 miles an hour.

Directions: In the question below, the 1^st and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. Efforts to define the nature of an art or craft usually are based upon the masterpieces of that field. B. It is difficult to imagine what the present state of comprehension of music would be if only the music of today were available. C. Without that necessary reference point, vague speculations and generalizations—without proof of validity—are likely. D. Yet, this is precisely the situation that exists in acting. E. In the visual, musical, and literary arts, this foundation exists; the work of the great masters of the past and the present serves not only to elucidate the art but also to create standards to emulate.
2. The actor, in the words of the 19^th-century actor Lawrence Barrett, “is forever carving a statue of snow.”

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6, respectively. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in a proper order. Choose the correct combination from the given alternatives.

1. While smiling is perceived as a positive emotion most of the time, there are many cultures that perceive smiling as a negative expression and consider it unwelcoming. B. Japanese people may smile when they are confused or angry. C. In other parts of Asia, people may smile when they are embarrassed. A smile may be reserved for close friends and family members. D. As many people in the former Soviet Union area consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even suspicious behaviour. E. Too much smiling can be viewed as a sign of shallowness or dishonesty.
2. Whereas smiling freely is far more prevalent in Europe.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6, respectively. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in a proper order. Choose the correct combination from the given alternatives.

1. Recreational and sport fishing are fishing primarily for pleasure or competition. B. Typically, these prohibit the use of nets and the catching of fish with hooks not in the mouth. C. The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits or lures such as artificial flies. D. But recreational fishing has conventions, rules, licensing restrictions and laws that limit the way in which fish may be caught. E. The practice of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook is generally known as angling.
2. In angling, it is sometimes expected or required that fish be returned to the water (catch and release).

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6, respectively. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in a proper order. Choose the correct combination from the given alternatives.

1. Relative to the history of life, human languages have existed on the earth for only a few thousand years. B. As in all information systems, errors can easily creep into the system, especially at the beginning of its development. C. It should not come to any surprise that our language and thought processes may contain errors, delusions and beliefs. D. This is a flash of an instant compared to the millions of years of evolution. E. It should come as no surprise that language takes time to develop into a useful means of communication.
2. It would behoove us to find and attempt to deal with these language errors and become aware of their dangers.

Directions: In the question below, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6, respectively. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in a proper order. Choose the correct combination from the given alternatives.

1. In the ancient times, during the celebration of the games, an Olympic Truce was enacted so that athletes could travel from their countries to the games in safety. B. Politicians would announce political alliances at the games, and in times of war, priests would offer sacrifices to the gods for victory. C. In those days, the prizes for the victors were olive leaf wreaths or crowns. D. The games became a political tool used by city-states to assert dominance over their rivals. E. The Olympics also featured religious celebrations and artistic competitions.
2. Sculptors and poets would congregate at each Olympiad to display their works of art to would-be patrons. The statue of Zeus at Olympia was counted as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Directions: In the question below, the 1^st and the last (correctly ordered) sentences are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts and named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. Sea Lion Park opened in 1895 at Coney Island in Brooklyn, New York City with an aquatic show featuring 40 sea lions. B. It was initially a large water tank used to exhibit marine mammals for filming underwater movies and only became later a public attraction. C. The second marine mammal park, then called an oceanarium, was established in St. Augustine, Florida in 1938. D. It closed in 1903. E. Then, there was a barren period of almost three and a half decades.
2. Today, Marineland of Florida claims to be "the world’s first oceanarium".

Directions: In this question, the first and the last (correctly ordered) sentences of a passage are numbered 1 and 6. The rest of the passage is split into four parts named B, C, D and E. These four parts are not given in the proper order. Choose the correct combination among the four alternatives given.

1. Old-Time Radio (OTR) and the Golden Age of Radio refer to a period of radio programming lasting from commercial radio's introduction in the early 1920s to its replacement in the late 1950s and early 1960s by television as the dominant home entertainment medium. B. During this period, when radio was dominant and the airwaves were filled with a variety of radio formats and genres, people regularly tuned in to their favourite radio programs. C. The end of this period coincided with music radio becoming the dominant radio form and is often marked by the final CBS broadcasts of Suspense and Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar on September 30, 1962. D. In fact, according to a 1947 C. E. Hooper survey, 82 out of 100 Americans were found to be radio listeners. E. Radio content in the Golden Age of Radio had its origins in audio theatre.
2. Audio theatre began in the 1880s and 1890s with audio recordings of musical acts and other vaudeville.