One Word Substitution

 Carcass is the dead body of an animal. Corpse is the dead body of a human. Carrion is meat from a dead animal which is eaten by another animal such as a vulture finds a dead animal and then eats the meat. Skeleton is the structure of bones in both humans and animals.

Polygamy was a general phenomenon in olden days where man used to have more than one wives. This is followed till now in Islam.

Blonde is the name given to a woman having light-colored hair, often with fair skin and blue or gray eyes usually found in America and Europe. 

 Enbalm is the act of preserving a dead body and preventing putrification by adding different chemicals and other substances.

 Hypermetropia is the medical term for far sightedness.

 Cryptology is the study of codes and secret languages.

An asylum is a historical term for an institution for the care of people who are mentally ill or destitute. A sanatorium is specifically for the treatment of chronic diseases like tuberculosis.

A person who is chosen or appointed is an arbitrator. Medaitor facilitates dialog and parties themselves resolve the dispute. So arbitrator is the correct choice.

 Idyll is a short poem that describes a happy and peaceful scene. An ode is a poem which praises a person or object. Peroration is a rhetorical structure and signifies the final part of a speech.

 Slang are words that are used informally in speech, but not in formal wrting or literature unless the author is duplicating speech.

 The alterego represents the hidden or darkside of a person whereas ego is that which is presentable and evident.

A monarchy is a form of government with a monarch, such as a king or queen, at the head. Oligarchy is rule by a few, and autocracy is rule by one person with absolute power.

A demagogue is a political leader who seeks support by appealing to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people rather than by using rational argument. A pedagogue is a teacher.

'Phon' (sound) + gram (write)

'Industrious' is hard-working; 'vulturous' is greedy and 'doleful' is sad.