One Word Substitution

Via media is Latin for 'middle course' or 'middle way'. It refers to a moderate position between two extremes, often used in conflict resolution, negotiation, or policy-making to find compromise solutions.

In toto is a Latin phrase meaning 'on the whole' or 'entirely'. It refers to something taken as a complete unit, without excluding any part - the opposite of partial or segmented consideration.

Lingua franca refers to a bridge language used between people who do not share a native language, enabling communication across linguistic barriers. It is not tied to any specific language but serves as a common medium.

Mala fide is a Latin legal term meaning 'in bad faith' or with malicious intent. It describes actions taken dishonestly or with fraudulent intent, as opposed to bona fide which means 'in good faith'.

Correct Answer: At first appearance 

Ad hoc is Latin for 'for this' or 'for the purpose', meaning something created or done for a specific, immediate purpose rather than being part of a general or permanent arrangement.

Correct Answer: Helper

Post mortem literally means 'after death' in Latin, referring to medical examination conducted to determine the cause of death. It is specifically performed after death, not on living individuals of any age.

Inter alia is Latin for 'among other things', used when stating one thing among several possibilities or examples. It indicates that what is mentioned is part of a larger list or group of items.

Aide memoire is French for 'memory aid', referring to notes or records kept to help remember important points, discussions, or decisions. It is not related to hearing or sound but specifically serves as a written reminder.

Ad interim is Latin for 'in the meantime' or 'temporarily', referring to something done or appointed for the time being until a permanent arrangement is made. It is the opposite of permanent or final arrangements.

Modus operandi is Latin for 'method of operating' or 'mode of doing something', referring to a particular way or method of doing something, often used in criminology to describe a criminal's characteristic pattern of behavior.

Ad valorem is Latin for 'according to value', typically referring to taxes or duties calculated based on the value of goods or property rather than on quantity or flat rates. It is specifically value-based, not utility-based.

Ad infinitum is Latin for 'to infinity' or 'without end', describing something that continues indefinitely or endlessly. It is the opposite of having an end or beginning point.

Vis-a-vis is French for 'face to face', meaning in direct relation to or compared with something/someone. It can also mean面对面 confrontation or direct comparison between two entities.