Geography · Environmental Studies

Oceanography and Hydrology

1,743 Questions

Find relevant questions on oceanography and hydrology that address aquatic ecosystems and physical geography. The topics include coastal landforms, coral reefs, ocean salinity, and tidal patterns. These concepts frequently appear in civil services and state level administrative examinations.

Coral reef structuresCoastal landformsOcean salinity patternsGlacial retreat impactsMangrove ecosystems

Oceanography and Hydrology Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Most of the water found on Earth’s surface is saline. b. Fresh water is only found frozen in the ice caps at the two poles and on snow-covered mountains. c. All cellular processes take place in a water medium.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and c

  5. a, b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as both statements are correct. Most of the water on Earth’s surface is found in seas and oceans and is saline. All cellular processes take place in a water medium.

Multiple choice

Consider the following facts:

  1. Whirlpools arise when opposing currents of water collide.
  2. Whirlpools of relatively lesser intensity are known as maelstroms.
  3. The most powerful whirlpools are created in narrow, shallow straits with fast flowing water.

Which of the above are true?

  1. Both 1 and 2

  2. Both 2 and 3

  3. Both 1 and 3

  4. All three
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A whirlpool is a swirling body of water produced by the meeting of opposing currents. The vast majority of whirlpools are not very powerful. More powerful ones are properly termed as maelstroms. The most powerful whirlpools are created in narrow, shallow straits with fast flowing water.

Multiple choice

Consider the following facts:

  1. Tsunami waves are also called tidal waves.
  2. Tsunami waves have shorter wavelength than sea waves.

Which of the above is/are true?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tsunami waves do not resemble normal sea waves because their wavelength is far longer. Rather than appearing as a breaking wave, a tsunami may initially resemble a rapidly rising tide and for this reason they are often referred to as tidal waves.

Multiple choice

Match the following and choose the correct option given below.

 
Column I Column II
A. Euphotic zone i. Plankton and nekton
B. Pelagic zone ii. Bioluminescent organisms
C. Littoral zone iii. Autotrophs and fishes
D. Abyssal zone iv. Photosynthetic autotrophs and organisms seen in low and high tides

  1. A – iv, B – i, C – ii, D – iii

  2. A – ii, B – iii, C – iv, D – i

  3. A – iii, B – ii, C – iv, D – i

  4. A – iii, B – i, C – iv, D – ii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In Abyssal zone - Bioluminescent organisms are exist. 

Multiple choice

What do you mean by 'insular'?

  1. An area surrounded by land on all sides

  2. An area surrounded by water on all sides

  3. An area slightly elevated from the adjoining region

  4. An area drained by rivers from all sides
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Insular is an area (like islands) surrounded by water on all sides.

Multiple choice

Which of the following grow in very salty environments such as the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea, where the environments are extremely alkaline?

a. Methanogens b. Halophiles c. Thermoacidophiles

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Halophiles grow in very salty environments such as the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea, where the environments are extremely alkaline.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

  1. Ocean acidification is the name given to the ongoing increase in the pH of the oceans, caused by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
  2. The carbon cycle describes the fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the oceans, terrestrial biosphere, lithosphere and the atmosphere.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both of these

  4. Neither of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ocean acidification is the name given to the ongoing decrease in the pH of the oceans, caused by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.

Multiple choice

Capture fishery and culture fishery are the two types of fishery. All of the following are the characteristics of capture fishery, except that

a. it is a method of obtaining fish from the natural resources b. there is no seeding and raising of fish c. it is undertaken mostly inland and near the seashore

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a characteristic of capture fishery. It is undertaken in both inland and marine waters.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Estuaries 1. They are the shallow saltwater lakes separated from sea banks, coral reefs, etc.
b. Lagoons 2. They are the last part of a river that gets tidal water from the sea.
c. Mangrove swamps 3. They are the tropical trees growing in the mud of seashore.

  1. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  3. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  4. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  5. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Estuaries are the last part of a river that gets tidal water from the sea. Lagoons are the shallow saltwater lakes separated from sea banks, coral reefs, etc. Mangrove swamps are the tropical trees growing in the mud of seashore.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are relatively large and spontaneous ocean surface waves that occur far out at sea?

  1. Wave–current interaction

  2. Tsunami

  3. Ocean current

  4. Rogue waves

  5. Hundred-year wave
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rogue waves (also known as freak waves, monster waves, killer waves, extreme waves, and abnormal waves) are relatively large and spontaneous ocean surface waves that occur far out at sea, and are a threat even to large ships and ocean liners.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the odd one out?

  1. Rivers

  2. Lakes

  3. Ponds

  4. Wells

  5. Oceans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Water in oceans are not a drinkable water as it contains lots of salt. Presence of lots of salt makes it unsuitable for drinking.