Geography · Environmental Studies

Oceanography and Hydrology

1,743 Questions

Find relevant questions on oceanography and hydrology that address aquatic ecosystems and physical geography. The topics include coastal landforms, coral reefs, ocean salinity, and tidal patterns. These concepts frequently appear in civil services and state level administrative examinations.

Coral reef structuresCoastal landformsOcean salinity patternsGlacial retreat impactsMangrove ecosystems

Oceanography and Hydrology Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. About 71 percent of the planetary water is found in the oceans. b. Nearly 90 percent of the water that falls on land returns to the atmosphere through evaporation from over the oceans as well as from other places. c. The hydrological cycle is the circulation of water within the Earth’s hydrosphere in different forms.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and b

  5. a and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Canyons and trenches are observed in

  1. continental shelf

  2. continental slope

  3. deep sea plains

  4. oceanic deep

  5. oceanic trenches
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Canyons and trenches are observed in continental slope.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are incorrect?

a. The enclosed seas in the low latitudes record relatively lower temperature than the open seas. b. The enclosed seas in the high latitudes have higher temperature than the open seas. c. The temperature of surface water decreases from the equator towards the poles. d. The oceans in the northern hemisphere receive more heat than the oceans in the southern hemisphere.

  1. a and b

  2. a, b and c

  3. a, b, c and d

  4. c and d

  5. d only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Thermocline is

  1. about 500 m thick with temperature ranging between 20o and 25oC

  2. boundary region from where there is a rapid decrease of temperature of the oceans

  3. very cold and extends up to the deep ocean floor

  4. due to the unequal distribution of land and water in the northern and southern hemispheres

  5. the term used to define the total content of dissolved salt in sea water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is incorrect?

  1. The salinity of water in the surface layer of oceans depends mainly on evaporation and precipitation.

  2. Surface salinity is greatly influenced in polar regions by the processes of freezing and thawing of ice.

  3. Any change in the temperature or density of water influences the salinity of water in that area.

  4. Salinity of 24.7 o/oo has been considered as the upper limit to demarcate ‘brackish water’.

  5. Dead sea is the most saline water body.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is incorrect.

Multiple choice

A land mass surrounded by water on all the sides is called a/an

  1. plateau

  2. state

  3. island

  4. gulf
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An island is defined as a landmass completely surrounded by water on all sides. A plateau is an elevated flatland, a state is a political division, and a gulf is a water body partially surrounded by land. This is a basic geographical definition.

Multiple choice

The amount of saline water on Earth is

  1. 71% of the water on the Earth

  2. 97% of the water on the Earth

  3. 2% of the water on the Earth

  4. 1% of the water on the Earth

  5. There is no saline water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. About 97% of the water on the Earth is saline, i.e. has salt and minerals, which is unfit for drinking.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct regarding a water table?

  1. The upper layer of oceans or lakes is the water table.

  2. The upper layer of the ground water is the water table.

  3. The land formed at the mouth of a river is called a water table.

  4. A shallow body of water surrounded by sand dunes is called a water table.

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct, as the layer above the ground water is called a water table. It can be 1 metre to several metres deep.