Microbiology and Nitrogen Cycle

This is the correct option. Fungi plays the role of ammonification, i.e. conversion of nitrogen containing proteins of dead plants and animals into ammonia.

This is the correct option. The conversion of nitrogen containing proteins of dead plants and animals into ammonia is called ammonification.

This is the correct option. Nitrobacter bacteria plays the role of nitrification in the nitrogen cycle, i.e. conversion of ammonia into nitrites and then into nitrates.

Methylophilus methylotrophus has been industrialised on a large scale for the manufacturing of single-cell proteins (SCP).

Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacteria that forms symbiotic nodules on the roots of leguminous plants (pulses). Nitrobacteria and nitrosomonas are involved in nitrification but not nitrogen fixation, while acetobacter is acetic acid bacteria.

Aerotolerant anaerobes : Bacteria which have anaerobic growth, but continue in presence of oxygen

Correct answer. Sodium Thioglycolate combines with dissolved O₂ to deplete O₂ in media. Oxyrase is a bacterial respiratory enzyme that can be put in media; it combines O₂ with H⁺ to remove O₂ by forming H₂O and turns the petri dish into a mini-anaerobic chamber

Clostridium botulinum, the bacterium that causes botulism, is an obligate anaerobe meaning it requires an oxygen-free environment to grow. It cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, unlike facultative anaerobes which can adapt to both conditions.

This is the correct answer as this bacterium is easily available and grows fast.

This is the correct option. All of these organisms are found in the soil.

Correct answer because option numbers (2) and (4) both have groups of acid fast organisms.

Nitrogenase enzyme is present in the root nodules of leguminous plants, which helps in the conversion of atmospheric free nitrogen into ammonia.

 Rhizobium is a symbiotic bacteria present in the root nodules of leguminous plants. It contains the enzyme nitrogenase that helps in the conversion of atmospheric free nitrogen into ammonia.

Nitrobacter bacteria play a major role in the nitrogen cycle, mostly by transforming nitrites into nitrates. 

Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are the primary organisms responsible for nitrogen fixation in aquatic habitats. They possess specialized cells called heterocysts to convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms.