Microbiology and Nitrogen Cycle

Gallionella is an iron bacterium which oxidises Fe⁺⁺ as a source of energy for lithoautotrophic growth. Nitrobacter is a nitryfying bacterium which oxidises NO₂ to NO₃.

Thermodesulfobacterium uses organic compounds from pyruvate synthase pathway as major C-source.

Beggiatoa is a genus of chemosynthetic filamentous sulphur-oxidising bacteria.

Nitrobacter and Nitrocystis change nitrites to nitrates.

The bacterium Propionibacterium acne type zappa colonises bark tissues and the pith of grapevine where the bacterium can localise intracellularly. This bacterium is the first evidence of human to plant obligate transfer.

Streptomyces chilikensis and Streptomyces barkulensis cannot tolerate extreme temperature.

Correct Answer: It can oxidise ammonia.

Geobacter and Shewanella eat pure electrons.

Ideonella sakaiensis has potential of recycling of PET plastics. The bacterium was observed to utilise two distinct enzymes that reacted with water to break down PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plastics.

The scientist at Genome Institute of Singapore, in 2014, discovered three powerful bacteria from a genus called Dehalococcoides. They can degrade PCBs.

It is an obligate aerobe.

Arthrobacter sp H65-7 produces the enzyme inulase II that converts inulin into difructose anhydride (DFA). DFA is a promising nutrient for fighting osteoporis, because it helps absorption of calcium in the intestines.

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is used in a mining technique called bioleaching (as bioleaching agent) whereby metals are extracted from their ores through oxidation.

Yes, it is the correct answer. 

Anabaena is cyanobacteria or blue-green algae which can fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil.