Biology · General Awareness

Muscle Biology

798 Questions

Muscle biology covers the structures, functions, and contraction mechanisms of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Test questions target filaments, stimuli, and specific muscle roles. A clear understanding helps secure marks in biology sections.

Skeletal muscle controlCardiac muscle propertiesMuscle contraction mechanismActin and myosin filamentsMuscle functions

Muscle Biology Questions

Multiple choice evs the muscular system and digestive system in human beings human muscular system closer look into muscular system muscles and its types

One of the following is a set of antagonistic muscles. Select the wrong set.

  1. Fexor, Relaxor

  2. Abductor, Adductor

  3. Pronator, Supinator

  4. Elevator, Depressor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The question asks for the WRONG set. Abductor/adductor, pronator/supinator, and elevator/depressor are all valid antagonistic pairs. Flexor and relaxor is not a correct pair - flexor works with extensor, not relaxor. Also, spelling is flexor not fexor.

Multiple choice evs the muscular system and digestive system in human beings human muscular system closer look into muscular system muscles and its types

Flexation of thigh, knee and their rotation is facilatated by

  1. Biceps muscle

  2. Triceps muscle

  3. Sartorius muscles

  4. Shank
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The sartorius muscle is the longest superficial muscle in the interior compartment of the human body. It is a two joint muscle that moves both hip and knee joint. It forms the lateral boundary of the femoral triangle and covers the abductor canal. It flexes the hip and knees and helps in the lateral rotation and thigh abduction. These all are necessary for the crossed leg position. So, the correct option is C.

Multiple choice evs the muscular system and digestive system in human beings human muscular system closer look into muscular system muscles and its types

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Involuntary muscles have no myosin or actin since they lack striations.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Skeletal muscle is composed of muscle fibres which have smaller units called myofibrils. There are three types of proteins make up each myofibril; they are contractile, regulatory and structural proteins. By contractile proteins, we mean actin (thin filament) and myosin (thick filament).

So, the correct option is 'False'.

Multiple choice evs the muscular system and digestive system in human beings human muscular system closer look into muscular system muscles and its types

Long distance, competitive runners are usually small and why and run more slowly than sprinters, who run much shorter distances and generally have a large bulk of muscles. Which of the following best explains the differences between the two types of runners.

  1. Long distance runners run more slowly because lactic acid quickly builds up in their muscles and causes fatigue. Sprinters do not run for a long enough for lactic acid to build up in their muscles.

  2. The large muscles of sprinters Increases the oxygen supply to each muscle, preventing lactic acid from forming.

  3. Sprinters do not run for long enough for sufficient lactic acid to build up in thek muscles therefore they can have large muscles for more power. By being lighter and running more slowly long distance runners ensure that their muscles receive enough oxygen for aerobic respiration.

  4. Sprinters run faster because their large muscles have more blood running through them to stop anaerobic respiration from taking place. Long distance runners run nine slowly because they ate using the energy from anaerobic respiration, which does not produce as much ATP as aerobic respiration.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When there is oxygen deficiency in the muscle cells, they undergo anaerobic respiration and start producing lactic acid. This lactic acid causes muscle fatigue. The muscle that has been contracted many times short intervals, exhaust its storage of ATP and glycogen and produces lactic acid. 

The runners that run for larger distances need slow twitch muscles so that the oxygen supply does not get exhausted and sustain their long run. The lactic acid will cause fatigue and lead to the collapse of the muscles. 
On the other hand, the sprinters that run for a short duration of time, want faster consumption of oxygen because they do not have to run for the longer amount of time and larger distance so they can where the lactic acid accumulation as it won't affect the performance.
So, the correct option is 'Long distance runners run more slowly because lactic acid quickly builds up in their muscles and causes fatigue. Sprinters do not run for a long enough for lactic acid to build up in their muscles.'

Multiple choice biology the muscular system and digestive system in human beings human muscular system closer look into muscular system muscles and its types

Muscle is responsible for ____________. 

  1. Immunity

  2. Locomotion

  3. Respiration

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Muscles function is to produce force and motion. They are primarily responsible for maintaining and changing posture, locomotion, as well as movement of internal organs, such as the contraction of the heart and the movement of food through the digestive system via peristalsis. Therefore, (b) is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation micturition urine and urine formation urine formation

In micturition,

  1. Urethral sphincter contract

  2. Uterus contract

  3. Urethral sphincter relaxes

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

During micturition, parasympathetic stimulation causes the detrusor muscle to contract and the internal urethral sphincter to relax. The external urethral sphincter (sphincter urethrae) is under somatic control and is consciously relaxed during micturition. 

So, the correct option is 'Urethra relaxes'.

Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation micturition urine and urine formation urine formation

Which are relaxed during micturition?
(i) Internal urethral sphincter
(ii) External urethral sphincter
(iii) Renal pelvis
(iv) Muscles of bladder.

  1. Only (i) and (iii)

  2. Only (i), (ii) and (iii)

  3. Only (i) and (ii)

  4. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

During micturition, urine is expelled from the urinary bladder. This requires the contraction of the detrusor muscle of the bladder wall and the relaxation of both the internal urethral sphincter and the external urethral sphincter. Therefore, statements (i) and (ii) are relaxed, making option C correct.

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

The over-stretching of tendons and ligaments is called as

  1. Tonus

  2. Tetany

  3. Sprain

  4. Fatigue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A sprain is an injury to the ligaments around a joint. Ligaments are strong, flexible fibers that hold bones together. When a ligament is stretched too far or tears, the joint will become painful and stress.
Tonus is the slight, continuous contraction of a muscle.
Tetany consists of the involuntary contraction of muscles.
Fatigue is the general overall feeling of tiredness and lack of energy.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Select the correct statement about disorder of muscular or skeletal system.

  1. Muscular dystrophy $\rightarrow$ Age related shortening of muscles
  2. Myasthenia gravis $\rightarrow$ Autoimmune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments
  3. Gout $\rightarrow$ Inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium
  4. Osteoporosis $\rightarrow$ Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Skeletal system consists of a framework of bones and a few cartilages.
  • Osteoporosis is defined as a low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk.
  • It occurs due to various fractures such as calcium deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, estrogen deficiency in females etc,
  • Hence osteoporosis →→ Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Osteoporosis →→ Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age'.
Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Select the correct statement about muscular disorder.

  1. Accumulation of urea and creatine in joints

  2. An overdose of vitamin D causes osteoporosis

  3. Rapid contraction of skeletal muscles causes dystrophy

  4. Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which tissue injury is caused by humoral (autoantibodies) or cell-mediated (by autoreactive T cells) immune response to self-antigens.
  • Myasthenia gravis is caused by an autoantibody against muscle antigen and acetylcholine receptor antigen.
  • It is characterized by increased muscular weakness the make one fatigue. speaking, breathing and talking becomes tired some. The failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing'.
Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Which of the following is the correct pairing regarding a specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system ?

  1. Muscular dystrophy - Age related shortening of muscles

  2. Osteoporosis - Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age

  3. Myasthenia gravis - Autoimmune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments

  4. Gout - Inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease, osteoporosis is the decrease in bone mass, which leads to higher chances of fractures with advancing age.

So, the correct option is 'Osteoporosis - Decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age'.

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system.

  1. Osteoporosis - decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age

  2. Myasthenia gravis- auto immune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments

  3. Gout - inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium

  4. Muscular dystrophy - age related shortening of muslces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Osteoporosis is bone disorder in which the Ca++ is decreased resulting in decreased bone mass. This may lead to fractures.

Myasthenia gravis is an auto immune disorder in which auto antibodies are formed against the acetylcholine receptors on the muscle plate. Due to decreased stimulation of muscle it undergoes wasting.
Gout is an inflammatory condition of the joints caused due to deposition of uric acid crystals.
Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder causing progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass.
So the correct option is A.

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

The term tetanus refers to

  1. The partial sustained contraction of major supporting muscles

  2. A stronger contraction resulting from multiple motor unit summation

  3. The result of wave summation, which produces a smooth and sustained contraction of a muscle

  4. The state of muscle fatigue caused by depletion of ATP and accumulation of lactic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • A decline in a muscle's ability to maintain a constant level of force, or tension after prolonged, repetitive stimulation is called tetanus.
  • A tetanic contraction is a sustainable contraction evoked when motor nerve innervates a skeletal muscle emitting action potential at a very high rate.
So, the correct option is 'The result of wave summation, when produces a smooth and sustained contraction of a muscle'.

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system.

  1. Muscular dystrophy - age related shortening of muscles

  2. Osteoporosis - decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age

  3. Myasthenia gravis - Autoimmune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments

  4. Gout - Inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A. Muscle dystrophy: It involves progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle due to a genetic defect.

B. Osteoporosis: It is a reduction in bone tissue mass causing weakness of skeletal strength. It leads to vertical compression or crushes fracture. It occurs in postmenopausal women and elderly men.
C, Myasthenia gravis: It is an autoimmune disorder that affects neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue, weakening and ultimately paralysis of skeletal muscle.
D. Gout: It is an inherited disorder of purine metabolism, occurring especially in men.
So, the correct answer is ' Osteoporosis- decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age.