Minerals and Ores

Aluminium is extracted from bauxite.

The most abundant metal is aluminium. It weighs 8.23 percent of the earth's crust.

 The Jaduguda Mine (also spelt as Jadugoda or Jadugora) is a uranium mine in Jaduguda village in the Purbi Singhbhum district of the Indian state of Jharkhand.

This is the correct answer.

The percentage of copper in azurite, (2CuCO₃.Cu(OH)₂) is 55.1%. Hence, azurite is the least pure among all the given minerals.

The substances which are capable of withstanding very high temperatures without melting or becoming soft are called refractory materials like- SiC (carborundum), Al₂O₃ and SiO_2. Blast furnace is used for the smelting of iron, copper and lead ores. Calamine (ZnCO₃) and zincite (ZnO) are the ores of zinc.

Galena (PbS) is an ore of Pb.

Copper(II) carbonate is a blue-green compound (chemical formula CuCO₃) forming part of the verdigris patina that is found on weathered brass, bronze and copper.

Noamundi mines in Jharkhand supply iron ore to TISCO (Tata Iron and Steel Company). Noamundi is one of India's oldest iron ore mining operations and has been a key supplier to Tata Steel.

Monazite is a phosphate mineral containing significant amounts of thorium along with rare earth elements. It is one of the principal sources of thorium worldwide, making thorium the correct answer.

The Moh's scale of mineral hardness characterises the scratch resistancy of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material.

During the Neolithic age (New Stone Age, ~7000-1000 BCE in India), people knew and used copper. This period saw the beginning of metal use, with copper being the first metal worked extensively. Iron came much later during the Iron Age (~1200 BCE onwards in India). Gold was known but copper was the primary metal for tools and artifacts.

Correct option is (4).

Olivine is a gemstone-quality mineral used in jewelry, particularly peridot (gem-quality olivine). While mica and feldspar have industrial uses, and pyroxene is primarily an academic mineral, olivine's transparent green varieties are valued as gemstones. Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color (olive green).

Amphibole is one of the two main mineral groups that form asbestos (the other being serpentine). While chrysotile (serpentine) accounts for about 95% of commercial asbestos production, amphibole asbestos minerals like crocidolite and amosite are also significant asbestos varieties used in various industrial applications.