Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

During alcoholic fermentation by yeast two molecules of glucose produce.

  1. $2$ molecules of ethanol $+2$ molecules of $CO _{2}$
  2. $4$ molecules of ethanol $+ 4$ molecules of $CO _{2}$
  3. $6$ molecules of ethanol $+ 6$ molecules of $CO _{2}$
  4. $3$ molecules of ethanol $+ 3$ molecules of $CO _{2}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Alcoholic fermentation is a process of anaerobic respiration in which 2 molecule of glucose is converted to -
4 molecules of ethanol,
4 molecules of carbon dioxide,and
4 ATP.
So, the correct option is '4 molecules of ethanol + 4 molecules of CO$ _2$'.

Multiple choice biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production
A test tube containing molasses solution and yeast is kept in a warm place overnight. The gas collected from this mixture

  1. Extinguishes the flame

  2. Bursts into flame when ignited

  3. Turns lime water milky

  4. Both (a) and (c)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Yeast do anaerobic fermentation by consuming sugar and forming ethanol and $CO _2$.  As Molasses mainly contain sugar, yeast will do anaerobic fermentation of the molasses and forms $CO _2$ gas as a by-product. 
This $CO _2$ gas can (i) extinguishes the flame, and (ii) Turns lime water milky.
So, the correct answer is (D).
Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Which of the following is correct about fermentation?

  1. Bread gets fermented due to formation of lactic acid.
  2. Pulled up appearance of dough is due to production of $CO _2$

  3. Fermentation in muscles produces alcohol

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

During the process of fermentation in the dough, the bacteria and yeast, convert carbohydrates to carbon dioxide resulting in the formation of gas bubbles. The gas bubbles expand inside the dough making it appear larger, which is called leavening. 

So the correct option is 'Pulled up appearance of dough is due to production of $CO _2$'  

Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production
Which of the following describes the significance of fermentation?
(i) Production of alcohol in the brewing industry
(ii) Making of dough in the baking industry
(iii) Curing of tea and tobacco
(iv) Production of vinegar by acetic acid bacteria

  1. (i),(ii) and (iii)

  2. (i),(ii) and (iv)

  3. (i),(iii) and (iv)

  4. (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Alcoholic fermentation is used in the brewing industry for the production of various types of beer, whiskey and other wines. 
Carbon dioxide of alcoholic fermentation is used in the baking industry for making the bread spongy. 
Tea and tobacco leaves are curved (or removed of their bitterness) and provided with a fine flavor through fermentation. Vinegar is obtained by the fermentation activity of acetic acid bacteria.
So the correct answer is '(i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)'.
Multiple choice biology life processes in living organisms- part 1 fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Fermentation by yeast produces

I. Carbon dioxide
II. Oxygen
III. Water
IV. Alcohol

  1. I only

  2. I and II

  3. I, II and III

  4. I, III and IV

  5. I and IV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is a metabolic process occurs in yeast and bacteria. It occurs in the absence of oxygen. The products produced by yeast includes carbon dioxide, water and ethanol. Glycolysis is the first step of fermentation pathways as well which produces pyruvate, however other steps Kreb's cycle etc. does not take place in the absence of oxygen. Hence option D is correct.

This process is extensively used in alcohol industry. 

Multiple choice biology molecular biology fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

Fermentation is conducted by

  1. All bacteria.

  2. All fungi.

  3. Some fungi and some bacteria.

  4. All microorganisms.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is the process of anaerobic respiration, which is carried out by some fungi and bacteria. Fermentation also occurs in muscles of higher vertebrates. In these tissues, it is lactic acid fermentation. Fungi and bacteria carry out alcoholic fermentation (yeast).

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Pasteurization is carried out at

  1. $30^o$C for $20$ minutes
  2. $40^o$C for $30$ minutes
  3. $30^o$C for $60$ minutes
  4. $62^o$C for $30$ minutes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The 'batch' or 'vat' method of pasteurization involves heating milk to 62 degrees Celsius (or 145 degrees Fahrenheit) for 30 minutes.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

When the milk has been pasteurised successfully, the milk will no longer contain the enzyme.

  1. Polymerase

  2. Phosphatase

  3. Peroxidase

  4. Pyrimidinase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The phosphatase test is used to verify the effectiveness of pasteurization. Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme naturally present in raw milk that is destroyed at the same temperatures required to kill pathogens.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

The gas released during fermentation of sugarby yeast cells is

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Carbon monoxide

  3. Hydrogen

  4. Oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is the process of converting complex organic substance into simpler substance with the action of yeast or bacteria. Yeast ferments the sugar into alcohol, carbon dioxide and little energy.

Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

Which one of the following is used in the manufacture of alcohol?

  1. Bacteria

  2. Water moulds

  3. Yeasts

  4. Slime moulds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Alcoholic fermentation occurs in the production of alcoholic beverages and ethanol fuel, and in the rising of bread dough. Because yeasts perform this conversion in the absence of oxygen, alcoholic fermentation is considered an anaerobic process.

Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

Alcoholic beverages are obtained with the help of

  1. Penicillium

  2. Yeast

  3. Blue-green algae

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases and/or alcohol. It occurs in yeast and bacteria. Fermentation has been used by humans for the production of food and beverages as well as for producing alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer.