Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,829 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice

Air sacs of the birds

  1. facilitate blood circulation

  2. keep body warm

  3. reduce body weight

  4. maintain body temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Correct Answer: reduce body weight

Multiple choice

Which type of cleavage is exhibited by reptiles?

  1. Discoidal

  2. Radial

  3. Spinnal

  4. Superficial
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Reptiles have telolecithal eggs with a large amount of yolk, which restricts cleavage to a small disc of cytoplasm at the animal pole, known as discoidal cleavage.

Multiple choice

Neopilina is the connecting link between

  1. Annelida and Arthropoda

  2. Annelida and Mollusca

  3. Platyhelminthes and Annelida

  4. Mollusca and Echinodermata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Neopilina is a monoplacophoran mollusk that exhibits segmented body structures, which is a characteristic feature of annelids. Therefore, it serves as a connecting link between the phyla Annelida and Mollusca.

Multiple choice

Tasmanian Wolf is a marsupial while Wolf is a placental mammal. This shows

  1. Convergent evolution

  2. Divergent evolution

  3. Parallelism

  4. Inheritance of acquired characters
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parallel evolution occurs when two related or similar species evolve independently in similar environments, acquiring similar adaptations. The Tasmanian wolf and the placental wolf are classic examples of this phenomenon.

Multiple choice

Which group includes homologous organs?

  1. Horns of cattle, tail of horse and teeth of mammals

  2. Fins of seal, wings of birds and forelimbs of man

  3. Wings of butterfly, flying fish and bird

  4. Tentacles of Hydra and arms of starfish
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Homologous organs share a common evolutionary origin and underlying structure, even if they perform different functions. The fins of a seal, wings of a bird, and human forelimbs all share the same pentadactyl limb structure.

Multiple choice

Peripatus resembles arthropoda in having

  1. segmented metanephridia

  2. paired appendages

  3. ciliated reproductive cells

  4. dorsal ostiated heart
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peripatus is a connecting link between Annelida and Arthropoda. It resembles Arthropoda by having a dorsal ostiated heart and a hemocoel, while it resembles Annelida by having segmented nephridia.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter?

  1. Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter.

  2. Microbes did not appear in stored meat.

  3. Microbes appeared from unsterilized organic matter.

  4. Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Louis Pasteur's experiments with swan-neck flasks demonstrated that microorganisms do not arise spontaneously from sterile broth, effectively disproving spontaneous generation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs represents homologous organs?

  1. Seal flippers and cat paw

  2. Insect wing and bird wing

  3. Bats wing and insect wing

  4. Thorn of Bougainvilla and tendril of pea

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Homologous organs have a common structural origin but may perform different functions. Seal flippers and cat paws share the same pentadactyl limb bone structure, indicating a common ancestor.

Multiple choice

The first organisms were

  1. Chemoautotrophs

  2. Chemoheterotrophs

  3. Photoautotrophs

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The earliest organisms are widely believed to have been chemoheterotrophs, which obtained energy and nutrients from organic molecules present in the primordial soup. Autotrophs, such as photoautotrophs, evolved later as organic resources became scarce.