Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice

Palaemon (prawn) belongs to the phylum

  1. Annelida

  2. Mollusca

  3. Arthropoda

  4. Echinodermata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Palaemon, commonly known as the prawn, possesses jointed appendages and an exoskeleton, which are the defining characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda.

Multiple choice

Which of the following word means organisms with holes?

  1. Porifera

  2. Coelenterata

  3. Nematoda

  4. Arthropoda
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The name Porifera is derived from the Latin words 'porus' meaning pore and 'ferre' meaning to bear, referring to the many holes or pores found on the bodies of sponges.

Multiple choice

The largest phylum is

  1. Arthropoda

  2. Mammalia

  3. Annelida

  4. Reptilia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Arthropoda is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom, containing over 80 percent of all described animal species, including insects, arachnids, and crustaceans.

Multiple choice

Which of the following phyla have true body cavity?

  1. Porifera

  2. Coelenterata

  3. Nematoda

  4. Annelida
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Annelida are the first phylum to exhibit a true coelom (a fluid-filled cavity completely lined by mesoderm). Porifera, Coelenterata, and Nematoda are acoelomate or pseudocoelomate.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a characteristic feature of Aves?

  1. Presence of hair on skin

  2. Presence of exoskeleton of scales

  3. Presence of lungs

  4. Warm blooded animals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Aves (birds) have feathers, not scales, as their primary body covering. While they may have scales on their legs, the presence of scales is not a defining characteristic of the class Aves in the same way it is for Reptilia.

Multiple choice

Spiny skin is a characteristic feature of

  1. echinoderms

  2. molluscs

  3. nematodes

  4. chordates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Echinoderms, such as starfish and sea urchins, are characterized by their spiny skin and water vascular system.

Multiple choice

Name the phyla of segmented worms

  1. Annelida

  2. Arthropoda

  3. Platyhelminthes

  4. Nematoda
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Annelida is the phylum characterized by segmented worms, where the body is divided into repeating segments or metameres.

Multiple choice

What is the main purpose of keeping homing pigeons according to the passage?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.

Pigeons have an instinctive ability to navigate by the sun, the earth’s magnetic field and by infrasound or hearing distant low-frequency sound waves. However, due to adverse weather or man-created conditions, e.g. cell tower signals emitting radiation which results in disorientation and windmills which affect all birds and bats too, they increasingly find it difficult to pick up proper directions to reach “home”, but no matter what, most do eventually return safe. Homers are a breed of pigeons named so because many have flown back to their “homes” from long distances. They are made to race between 8 months to 5 years of age. Training is called “tossing” which involves, as just mentioned, taking the birds to a place and releasing them. The time they take to return home needs to be noted.

  1. They are made to navigate

  2. They are trained to race

  3. They are used for detecting cell towers that emit radiation

  4. Cannot be determined from the passage

  5. .
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as the passage explains how pigeons are trained and raced from the age of 6 months to 5 years.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements related to a bacterial flagellum is incorrect?

  1. Bacterial flagellum rotates clockwise or counter clockwise from the basal body.

  2. The rotation of basal body causes the movement of flagellum in a bacterium.

  3. The basal body of flagellum in gram positive bacterium has two pairs of rings.

  4. A typical bacterial flagellum consists of three parts: filament, basal body and hook.

  5. Prokaryotic flagellum do not undulate in a wave like motion.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As gram positive bacterium lacks the outer lipopolysaccharide layer, the basal body of the flagellum in it has only the inner pair of rings and the outer pair of rings are absent in gram positive bacteria. Hence, this statement is not correct.

Multiple choice

The structure of flagellum of a gram positive bacterium and a gram negative bacterium differs because of different

  1. protein arrangement

  2. cell wall structure

  3. cell membrane structure

  4. flagellin protein structure

  5. arrangement of flagella
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bacterial flagellum consists of three basic parts: the filament, hook and the basal body. The third part – basal body, is very important as it consists of several rings that anchor the flagellum into the plasma membrane and the cell membrane. A gram negative bacterium contains two pairs of rings that are attached to the different layers of the cell wall and the outer pair is specifically attached to the outer layer of the cell wall. As the outer cell wall is absent in a typical gram positive bacterial cell wall, it contains only the inner pair of rings that are inserted into the cell wall and plasma membrane. This structural arrangement of flagellum differentiates gram positive and gram negative bacterial cell’s flagella.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a property of prokaryotic cells?

  1. They are generally small in size.

  2. They vary in shape and size.

  3. They exhibit a wide variety of functions.

  4. They multiply slower than eukaryotic cells.

  5. They all have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane, except in mycoplasma.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option.