Law Legal Studies ยท Civics Polity

Legal Principles and Doctrines

2,539 Questions

Legal principles and doctrines establish the foundational rules of jurisprudence and civil rights. Questions cover constitutional reasonable restrictions, courtroom evidence standards, and property laws. These topics are strictly necessary for law legal studies exams and judicial services prelims.

Constitutional doctrinesGuardianship rightsExpert testimony standardsCriminal trial instructionsContractual authorityRegistration law principles

Legal Principles and Doctrines Questions

Multiple choice

What is 'ex post facto' law?

  1. No person shall be convicted of any offence exept violation of law.

  2. No person shall be punished for the same offence more than once.

  3. No person excused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Right- According to Article 20(1) it is ex post facto law.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of law.

  2. Every person is protected from a penality greater than that which he might have been subjected to.

  3. Article 20(1) imposes limitation on the law making power of legislature.

  4. Article 20(1) applies to every person whether accused or not.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Right- It is an incorrect statement because Article20(1) only applies to criminals.

Multiple choice

What does the doctrine of 'Pith and Substance' that guides the operation of judicial review in India imply?

  1. Distinguishing good and bad parts of an impugned law

  2. Examining whether the law making authority has acted within its jurisdiction or not

  3. Determining the extent of damage done by the law

  4. Establishing credentials of the petitioner
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Doctrine of Pith and Substance is used by the judiciary to determine whether a legislature has overstepped its constitutional jurisdiction. It looks at the 'true nature and character' of a law to decide which list in the Seventh Schedule it belongs to, even if it incidentally touches upon a subject in another list.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: Public Interest Litigation intends to

  1. redress public injury
  2. enforce public duty
  3. protect diffused rights
  4. reprimand the law-enforcing agency Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1, 2 and 4 only

  2. 1, 2 and 3 only

  3. 2, 3 and 4 only

  4. 1, 3 and 4 only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is designed to protect the rights of the public at large, especially those who cannot approach the court themselves. Its primary goals include redressing public injury, enforcing public duties, and protecting 'diffused' or collective rights, rather than simply reprimanding agencies.

Multiple choice

What is the duty that is not of a PIO?

  1. PIO may seek the assistance of any other officer for the proper discharge of his/her duties.

  2. Where a request has been rejected, the PIO shall communicate to the requester - (i) the reasons for such rejection, (ii) the period within which an appeal against such rejection may be preferred, and (iii) the particulars of the Appellate Authority.

  3. If the PIO fails to give decision on the request within the period specified, he can deny any application for information at his will.

  4. Where the information requested for concerns the life or liberty of a person, the same shall be provided within forty-eight hours of the receipt of the request.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If the PIO fails to give decision on the request within the period specified, he can deny any application for information at his will.

Multiple choice

What could be the ground for rejection of an application?

  1. It is the authority of the PIO to deny or reject an application with out any reason

  2. A committee can deny the application

  3. If it is covered by exemption from disclosure (S.8)

  4. If it negatively effects the official authority of the officer in charge
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If it is covered by exemption from disclosure (S.8) information, disclosure of which would prejudicially affect the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security, strategic, scientific or economic interests of the State, relation with foreign State or lead to incitement of an offence.

Multiple choice

Article 20 (3) of the Constitution states that a person accused of an offence shall not be compelled to be a witness against himself. Which of the following is correct about the given provision?

  1. Retracted confession

  2. Tape-recorded confession

  3. Confession made to a fellow prisoner

  4. Confession made in police custody

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Article 20(3) of the Constitution states that a person accused of an offence shall not be compelled to be a witness against himself. Confession made in police custody in the immediate presence of magistrate can be a valid statement against himself.

Multiple choice

Grave and sudden provocation is

  1. question of fact

  2. question of law

  3. mixed question of fact and law

  4. a presumption under the law
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is correct: Grave and sudden provocation is purely a question of fact under the Indian Penal Code.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a ground on which a witness under Section 161(2) of the CrPC may refuse to answer questions put by a police officer?

  1. Answers would have a tendency to expose him to a criminal charge.

  2. Answers would have a tendency to expose him to a penalty.

  3. Answers would have a tendency to expose him to forfeiture.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Option (4) is correct: A witness shall be bound to answer truly all questions relating to the case put to him by such officer other than questions the answers to which would have a tendency to expose him to a criminal charge or to a penalty or forfeiture.

Multiple choice

The rule that once the terms of any contract have been proved by documentary evidence, no evidence of any oral statement shall be admitted for contradicting such terms has ____ provisos establishing variations to the rule.

  1. 6

  2. 4

  3. 3

  4. 7
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is correct: The rule that once the terms of any contract have been proved by documentary evidence, no evidence of any oral statement shall be admitted for contradicting such terms has six provisos establishing variations to the rule.