Law Legal Studies ยท Civics Polity

Legal Principles and Doctrines

2,603 Questions

Legal principles and doctrines establish the foundational rules of jurisprudence and civil rights. Questions cover constitutional reasonable restrictions, courtroom evidence standards, and property laws. These topics are strictly necessary for law legal studies exams and judicial services prelims.

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Legal Principles and Doctrines Questions

Multiple choice

In a criminal trial, who has the burden of proof?

  1. The prosecution

  2. The defense

  3. The judge

  4. The jury
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In a criminal trial, the prosecution has the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty of the crime charged.

Multiple choice

What is the hearsay rule?

  1. A rule that prohibits the admission of out-of-court statements that are offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted.

  2. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is not relevant to the case.

  3. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is prejudicial to the defendant.

  4. A rule that prohibits the admission of evidence that is obtained illegally.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The hearsay rule prohibits the admission of out-of-court statements that are offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted because they are generally considered to be unreliable.

Multiple choice

What are some of the grounds for the appointment of a guardian?

  1. Incapacity

  2. Mental illness

  3. Physical disability

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A guardian may be appointed for a person who is incapacitated, mentally ill, physically disabled, or otherwise unable to manage their own affairs.

Multiple choice

What are some of the reforms that have been proposed to improve the right to compensation for wrongful conviction?

  1. Creating a presumption of innocence for individuals who have been wrongly convicted.

  2. Providing free legal assistance to individuals who are seeking compensation for wrongful conviction.

  3. Establishing a time limit for filing a claim for compensation.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A number of reforms have been proposed to improve the right to compensation for wrongful conviction, including creating a presumption of innocence for individuals who have been wrongly convicted, providing free legal assistance to individuals who are seeking compensation for wrongful conviction, and establishing a time limit for filing a claim for compensation.

Multiple choice

What are some of the arguments against the right to compensation for wrongful conviction?

  1. It is too expensive.

  2. It could lead to frivolous lawsuits.

  3. It could undermine the finality of criminal convictions.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

There are a number of arguments against the right to compensation for wrongful conviction, including that it is too expensive, that it could lead to frivolous lawsuits, and that it could undermine the finality of criminal convictions.

Multiple choice

What are the grounds for appeal in Myanmar?

  1. Error of law

  2. Error of fact

  3. Miscarriage of justice

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The grounds for appeal in Myanmar are error of law, error of fact, and miscarriage of justice.

Multiple choice

What is the standard of proof in a parole hearing?

  1. Beyond a reasonable doubt

  2. Clear and convincing evidence

  3. Preponderance of the evidence

  4. Probable cause

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The standard of proof in a parole hearing is preponderance of the evidence, which means that the parole board must find that it is more likely than not that the offender will not commit another crime if released on parole.

Multiple choice

What is a motion?

  1. A proposal to take a specific action

  2. A request for information

  3. A point of order

  4. A ruling by the presiding officer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A motion is a formal proposal to take a specific action, such as adopting a resolution, passing a bill, or adjourning a meeting.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a recognized ground for impeaching a witness?

  1. Bias or interest

  2. Prior inconsistent statements

  3. Conviction of a crime

  4. Good moral character
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Good moral character is not a recognized ground for impeaching a witness. The other options, such as bias or interest, prior inconsistent statements, and conviction of a crime, are all valid grounds for impeachment.

Multiple choice

What is the most common method used to impeach a witness?

  1. Cross-examination

  2. Leading questions

  3. Character evidence

  4. Expert testimony
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cross-examination is the most common method used to impeach a witness. It involves the opposing party questioning the witness in an attempt to expose weaknesses, inconsistencies, or biases in their testimony.

Multiple choice

When can prior inconsistent statements be used to impeach a witness?

  1. Only if the statements were made under oath

  2. Only if the statements were made in writing

  3. Only if the statements were made in the presence of the witness

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Prior inconsistent statements can be used to impeach a witness regardless of whether they were made under oath, in writing, or in the presence of the witness. The key requirement is that the statements are relevant to the witness's testimony and that they contradict the witness's current testimony.

Multiple choice

What is the rule against impeaching a witness with evidence of specific acts of misconduct?

  1. The rule of completeness

  2. The rule of relevancy

  3. The rule of impeachment by contradiction

  4. The rule of collateral impeachment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The rule of collateral impeachment prohibits the use of evidence of specific acts of misconduct to impeach a witness unless the misconduct is relevant to the witness's credibility or is admissible for another purpose, such as to prove motive, intent, or knowledge.

Multiple choice

What is the purpose of the rule against impeachment by contradiction?

  1. To prevent the trial from becoming sidetracked by irrelevant issues

  2. To protect the witness from unfair attacks on their character

  3. To ensure that the jury focuses on the evidence presented in court

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The rule against impeachment by contradiction serves multiple purposes, including preventing the trial from becoming sidetracked by irrelevant issues, protecting the witness from unfair attacks on their character, and ensuring that the jury focuses on the evidence presented in court.

Multiple choice

When can a witness be impeached with evidence of a prior conviction?

  1. Only if the conviction is for a felony

  2. Only if the conviction is for a crime involving dishonesty or false statement

  3. Only if the conviction is for a crime that is relevant to the witness's testimony

  4. Any of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A witness can be impeached with evidence of a prior conviction if the conviction is for a felony, a crime involving dishonesty or false statement, or a crime that is relevant to the witness's testimony.

Multiple choice

What is the rule against impeachment by character evidence?

  1. The rule prohibits the use of character evidence to prove or disprove the truthfulness of a witness's testimony.

  2. The rule prohibits the use of character evidence to prove or disprove the witness's credibility.

  3. The rule prohibits the use of character evidence to prove or disprove the witness's bias or interest.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The rule against impeachment by character evidence prohibits the use of character evidence to prove or disprove the truthfulness of a witness's testimony, the witness's credibility, or the witness's bias or interest.