Social Science · History

Indian Social Structure

1,850 Questions

Prepare for competitive exams by answering questions on the diverse Indian social structure. Topics include the historical caste system, Vedic political units, and various social reform movements. This hub offers valuable insights into the sociological framework of India.

Caste system dynamicsVedic societySocial reform movementsIndian family structure

Indian Social Structure Questions

Multiple choice
  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both of these

  4. Neither of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The most important metal of the Gupta age was iron. The blacksmith acquired the second most important place in the village economy. The iron pillar (of Chandra Gupta-II) is a fine example of iron workers of Gupta period. The caste system became rigid during this period. Manu, for instance, had put several restrictions on the woman and the shudras.

Multiple choice
  1. They were the Pandyas who were driven out of their territories by the Cholas.

  2. They were the Cholas who were driven out of their territories by the Pandyas.

  3. They were a group of Chola viceroys.

  4. They were the Pandyas who had to seek refuge on the island of Sri Lanka after their defeat at the hands of the Cholas.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pandyas were driven out of their territories and had to seek refuge on the island of Sri Lanka. This was the start of the long exile of the Pandyas. They were replaced by a series of Chola viceroys with the title Chola Pandyas who ruled from Madurai from c. 1020.

Multiple choice
  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both of these

  4. Neither of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is wrong: The Chera population was not divided into castes and communities. The Varna system had not taken a clear shape. Social exclusiveness and un-approachability were unknown. Statement 2 is correct: Women enjoyed a high status in the Chera realms. They educated and never covered their faces.

Multiple choice
  1. Sikhs

  2. Buddhists

  3. Zoroastrians

  4. Jains

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Union Government set up the National Commission for Minorities (NCM) under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992. Five religious communities, viz. Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists and Zoroastrians (Parsis) have been notified as minority communities by the Union Government. On January 20, 2014, the minority status was granted. 

Multiple choice
  1. CEADB

  2. ECDAB

  3. BDAEC

  4. BCEAD

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement C introduces the subject 'kinship organisation', hence it forms the beginning of the sequence. E follows C as it comments on this subject, followed by D which further elaborates this concept. 'Therefore' in D states the view in relation to previous sentences, which is further supported by B. Hence, (1) is the answer.

Multiple choice
  1. Polyandry may have been prevalent amongst ruling elites.

  2. It may have seemed undesirable from Brahmanical point of view.

  3. During times of warfare, there may have been shortage of women, giving rise to polyandrous custom.

  4. All of the above

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Historians analyze polyandry from multiple angles: it was practiced among ruling elites (as seen in Mahabharata), was considered unacceptable by Brahmanical texts, and may have emerged during wartime when female populations decreased. All three interpretations are valid scholarly perspectives on this ancient practice.

Multiple choice
  1. Pupils lived in the Gurukul till they completed their eduction.

  2. Handsome fees were charged.

  3. Pupils did not render any duties in the running of the Gurukul.

  4. Education was imparted literally.

  5. Pupils were not allowed to live in the Gurukuls.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is correct. Pupils lived in the Gurukul till they completed their eduction.

Multiple choice
  1. Both men and women enjoyed equal rights.

  2. Women participated in the assemblies.

  3. Daughters were not given freedom to choose their husbands.

  4. Participation of women in Yajnas was necessary.

  5. The position of women in the early Vedic period was high and they enjoyed the right of property.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is incorrect. Daughters were given the freedom to choose their husbands.

Multiple choice
  1. The barter system was not practiced in the Vedic period.

  2. The use of metals implied regular trade and transport.

  3. Most of the trade and commerce was in the hands of common man.

  4. They transported goods through the seas.

  5. Horses and Bullocks were not used for carrying goods from place to place.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is true. The use of metals implied regular trade and transport because metal ores were not available in most of the river valleys where Rig-Vedic settlements existed.

Multiple choice
  1. Status of women became less restrictive during this period.

  2. Towards the end of the later Vedic period rules were made that prohibited the study of Vedas by women and Vaishyas.

  3. Gargi and Maitreyi were counted among scholars and philosophers of the period.

  4. Marriages by the choice of the couples were not performed and child marriages also took place.

  5. The Brahmins and the Vaishyas became the dominant classes in the society.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is true. Gargi and Maitreyi were counted among scholars and philosophers of the period.

Multiple choice

The author talks about three academies of the past that failed to deliver because

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

A synthesis of the regional or group cultures into a common national culture has already been achieved thrice in the history of India—first with the fusion of the Aryan Dravidian, then with the Hindu and Buddhist and lastly with the fusion of Hindu and Muslim cultures. Today we are faced with the same problem. But this time it is more complex and has several new aspects to it.

Before we can think of a rational solution we must get rid of the futile mentality which urges some of us to try to revive the culture life which prevailed during the Vedic period. For this implies the exclusion of all elements which have come from outside, especially those of the Muslim culture; these have been so completely assimilated in the intellectual, aesthetic and social life of India that they have, as it were, entered the stream of the life-blood running through the veins of Indian culture. The attempt to separate these ingredients and get them out of the system through a process of blood-letting will never succeed. It will only enervate our culture and cause it to suffer from pernicious anaemia.
The first thing that we have to realize then is that the dominating complexion of the present common culture is that of the North Indian culture. That is why its influence over the South India is very limited. To be truly national it has to assimilate the best elements of the various regional cultures specifically those of the South Indian provinces. This requires a maximum cultural contact. Several important steps have already been taken in this direction. Youth festivals in the late fifties held every year at the beginning of the winter was a welcome step in that direction. It was an occasion for the university students from all parts of the country to live together for a few days and give one another glimpses into the cultural life of their respective regions—their music, dance, drama, paintings and sculpture etc. Earlier, three academies were set up, one, for the promotion of the representational arts, another for music, dance and drama and a third for literature. But these academies which bring together their members and Fellows only for a few days in the year cannot provide the continuous and permanent contact among the representatives of group cultures which is required for the process of fusion of the multifarious cultural elements fructifying into the lasting amalgam of a national culture. If they are to serve as cultural laboratories of the Gupta and Mughal periods, they should be turned into institutes where the Fellows are in a permanent residence and receive liberal pensions so that, free from all financial worries they can devote themselves whole-heartedly to evolving common expression to that inner spirit of unity, animating the various peoples of the vast land called India.
Writers’ Camps under the scheme of “Aadan Pradan” where writers of the various regional languages have their selected books published from each language into all others is a laudable course of action. Another course could be adopted to pull down the barriers separating the various linguistic groups and to awaken and foster the spirit of cultural unity among them is the large scale exchange of teachers. Under an exchange system, selected teacher from each linguistic region who knows several Indian languages could be induced with liberal terms to offer their services in different linguistic areas for sufficiently long periods so that they can enter into the spirit of the regional cultures and recognize in them local variants of the common culture of India. These teachers will prove, like the Fellows of the National Academies, to be the makers as well as the messengers of a national culture.

 

  1. they were not implemented in true spirit

  2. they were too divergent in their approach

  3. they did not represent South Indian culture

  4. they were dominated by the North Indian culture

  5. their interaction period was too short

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The interaction period was far too short to make any positive impact. This is what the author clearly states.