Indian Rivers and Waterways

"Daryaaft" (often written as "Daryaft") is an Urdu word meaning "enquiry" or "inquiry" - the act of asking or investigating. It doesn't mean river, lake, or thunder despite sounding like water-related words. This tests Urdu vocabulary for communication terms.

Kolkata is situated on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, which is a major distributary of the Ganges. The Padma flows mainly through Bangladesh, while the Damodar and Rupnarayan flow through other regions of Bengal.

Purna Swaraj or Declaration of Independence was declared in Lahore on the banks of river Ravi.

This is the correct answer. Patliputra was on the riverine route and the Maurya's made it their capital in the fourth century. It became one of the largest cities of Asia.

The Chambal River is one of the few major rivers in India that flows northward. It originates in Madhya Pradesh and flows through Rajasthan before joining the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh. The other options - Cauvery, Narmada, and Brahmaputra - flow east or south-east, which is the typical direction for peninsular Indian rivers.

The dam on the river Mahanadi is the longest dam in the world. Hirakud Dam is built across the Mahanadi River, about 15 km from Sambalpur in the state of Orissa in India. Built in 1957, the dam is one of the world's longest earthen dams. Behind the dam extends a lake, Hirakud Reservoir, 55 km long. Hirakud Dam is the longest man-made dam in the world, about 26 km in length. 

Mizoram

This is the correct answer as Arunachal Pradesh has an abundance of water resources, but lacks in infrastructural development.

Gobind Sagar is a reservoir created by the Bhakra Dam on the Sutlej River in Himachal Pradesh. It is one of India's largest reservoirs. The Son, Rihand, and Narmada rivers have different dams and reservoirs.

The Narmada River originates at Amarkantak in the Maikala Range of Madhya Pradesh. Amarkantak is a unique pilgrimage site where two major rivers - Narmada and Sone - originate. The Mahanadi originates nearby but not at Amarkantak, while Damodar and Tapti originate elsewhere.

Himalayan rivers have relatively narrow basins because they flow through mountainous terrain with steep gradients (Ganga basin in plains is different). Their catchment areas in the mountains are not as extensive as peninsular rivers in terms of square kilometers. They do perform intensive erosional activity and are perennial due to glacial melt and rainfall. Statement A about narrow basins is actually true for Himalayan rivers in their mountain courses.

Peninsular rivers of India flow through the peninsular plateau and have their sources in the Western Ghats or other plateau regions. The Krishna River, along with Godavari, Mahanadi, Narmada, and Tapi, are major peninsular rivers. Gandak, Kosi, and Sutlej are all Himalayan rivers originating in the Himalayas.

Narmada is a west-flowing river that drains into the Arabian Sea, while Mahanadi, Godavari, and Krishna are all east-flowing rivers that eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal. This geographical distinction is important for Indian river systems.

The Nile River flows through Cairo, Egypt, and is famously associated with the city of Alexandria which sits on the Mediterranean coast at the western edge of the Nile Delta.

The River Scheldt flows through the city of Antwerp in Belgium. It is a major river that runs through northern Belgium and the Netherlands, emptying into the North Sea.