Indian Philosophy

The Samkhya school of philosophy incorporated the concept of 'lila' or playfulness into its understanding of the universe. This idea influenced the development of mathematical concepts and methods that were seen as playful explorations of the underlying order and beauty of the cosmos.

The Advaita Vedanta school of philosophy, propounded by Adi Shankara, emphasized the concept of 'maya' or illusion. This idea influenced the development of mathematical concepts and methods that were seen as tools for understanding the underlying reality beyond the veil of illusion.

The concept of 'dharma' or righteousness played a significant role in Indian mathematical thought. It influenced the development of mathematical concepts and methods that were seen as tools for upholding righteousness and justice in society.

The concept of 'moksha' or liberation played a significant role in Indian mathematical thought. It influenced the development of mathematical concepts and methods that were seen as tools for achieving liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth.

The concept of 'karma' or action played a significant role in Indian mathematical thought. It influenced the development of mathematical concepts and methods that were seen as tools for understanding the consequences of one's actions and for achieving liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth.

Mimamsa is a school of Indian philosophy that focuses on the study of the Vedas and the proper performance of rituals. It emphasizes the importance of duty to one's family and society.

Svartha refers to self-interest or personal gain. It is considered to be a legitimate motive for action in Indian philosophy, but it should not be pursued at the expense of one's dharma.

Karma is a complex concept in Indian philosophy that encompasses action, reaction, and fate. It is believed that every action has a corresponding reaction, and that the sum of one's actions determines their fate in this life and beyond.

Advaita Vedanta teaches that Brahman, the ultimate reality, is one and indivisible, and that the individual soul (Atman) is identical with Brahman. This concept of non-duality is a fundamental principle of Advaita Vedanta.

Karma refers to the principle of action and its consequences. It teaches that every action, whether good or bad, has a corresponding reaction. The concept of Karma emphasizes the importance of performing one's duties without attachment to the outcome, as the focus should be on the action itself rather than the results.

Maya is the concept in Advaita Vedanta that refers to the illusion or veil of ignorance that conceals the true nature of reality. It is believed that Maya creates the appearance of duality and separateness, leading to the perception of the world as a collection of individual objects and beings. The goal of Advaita Vedanta is to transcend Maya and realize the underlying unity of all existence.

Jiddu Krishnamurti's teachings on consciousness, self-awareness, and the unity of all existence have had a significant impact on modern psychology and psychotherapy. His emphasis on self-observation and the exploration of the nature of the mind has influenced various therapeutic approaches, including mindfulness-based therapies and transpersonal psychology.

Vairagya refers to the doctrine of non-attachment and renunciation of worldly desires in Indian philosophy. It is considered an essential aspect of the spiritual path, as it involves letting go of attachments to material possessions, ego, and desires. Vairagya is often seen as a necessary condition for achieving spiritual liberation and realizing the true nature of reality.

Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam is a Sanskrit phrase that translates to 'the world is one family.' It encapsulates the concept of interconnectedness and unity among all living beings and the universe. This idea emphasizes the interdependence of all life forms and the need for harmonious coexistence and compassion towards all beings.

Brahman is a central concept in Indian philosophy, particularly in Advaita Vedanta. It refers to the ultimate reality, the cosmic consciousness, or the unified ground of all existence. Brahman is believed to be the source of all creation and the essence of all beings. The realization of Brahman is the goal of many spiritual practices and is considered the highest state of consciousness.