Indian Government Initiatives

The Kasturba Gandhi Education Scheme (Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya) was launched to provide educational facilities to girls from minority communities and disadvantaged groups, particularly in rural areas.

The National Food Security Mission (NFSM) was launched to enhance production of rice, wheat, and pulses to ensure food security for India's growing population.

Correct option is (1).

SJSRY (Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana) is a government scheme specifically designed for urban areas. It provides employment opportunities and skill development to the urban poor and was launched in 1997.

The Zamindari system was abolished after independence through various land reform acts. While equal pay has been implemented, it remains an ongoing challenge. Complete education spread remains aspirational. Zamindari abolition is definitively achieved.

The government has established Bal Bhavans in various cities to develop children's artistic talents. These institutions provide structured training in arts, crafts, music, dance, and other creative activities. While the government does organize occasional shows and provides some financial support, Bal Bhavans represent the most comprehensive and direct initiative for nurturing artistic abilities.

The Open Sky Scheme is an export promotion scheme of the Civil Aviation Ministry, allowing airlines from signatory countries to operate freely with restrictions on capacity, routes, and frequencies. India signed its first Open Skies agreement with the US in 2005 to enhance international air connectivity.

Under the Gramin Sanchar Sewak Yojana, Gramin Dak Sewaks (rural postal workers) receive 20% of the tariff collected as commission for handling telecom and postal services in villages. This commission incentivizes them to promote and maintain these services in remote areas.

NREP (National Rural Employment Programme) and RLEGP (Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme) were merged with Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana. This consolidation was part of restructuring rural development programs for better efficiency.

The Prime Minister's Employment Scheme (PMES) was extended to cover both rural and urban areas. Jawahar Rozgar Yojana and Nehru Rozgar Yojana were primarily rural employment programs. PMES was designed as a more comprehensive employment generation scheme that would benefit workers in both rural and urban sectors of the economy.

Option (1) is the correct answer. 

Kutir Jyoti Scheme is a government program providing electricity connections to rural families living below the poverty line. It aims to improve rural quality of life by subsidizing household electrification. The scheme focuses on basic lighting needs rather than industrial or commercial power.

The National Policy on Education document was presented to Parliament in August 1985, debated, and subsequently formally adopted/implemented in 1986, hence the reference to NPE 1986.

The Command Area Development Programme aimed to optimize the utilization of created irrigation potential by developing water distribution systems, field channels, and land shaping in the command areas of irrigation projects. It focused on ensuring that the substantial investment in irrigation infrastructure actually translated into effective agricultural use. The other options incorrectly relate to land reforms or military areas.