Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,395 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones

Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a side effect of hormone treatment?

  1. Hot flashes

  2. Loss of libido

  3. Myelosuppression

  4. Osteoporosis

  5. Loss of main male sex hormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Myelosuppression is a medical condition where the bone marrow activity is decreased, resulting in fewer red blood cells. It is a major side effect of chemotherapy.

Multiple choice

Which is the correct statement with reference to the control of lactation in a nursing mother?

  1. In a nursing mother, the prolactin stimulates milk ejection .

  2. Placental steroid secretion decelarates lactation during pregnancy.

  3. In a nursing mother, the vasopressin is secreted in response to suckling.

  4. In a nursing mother, the oxytocin secretion can be suppressed by dopamine agonists.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is correct. The placental steroid secretion decelarates lactation during pregnancy in order to maintain the pregnancy.

Multiple choice

Which of the following placental hormones is an important source for both estrogen and progesterone hormones?

  1. FSH

  2. LH

  3. HCG

  4. HCS

  5. GNRH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone produced during pregnancy, which is made by developing placenta after conception and later by the placental component syncytiotrophoblast. HCG is secreted to increase ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone and to stop the menstrual periods.

Multiple choice

Which of the following hormone is related to the male sex hormone?

  1. Melatonin

  2. Testosterone

  3. Oxytocin

  4. Insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone (androgen) produced mainly in the testes, responsible for male sexual development and characteristics. Option B is correct. Melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles, oxytocin is involved in bonding and childbirth, and insulin regulates blood sugar levels.

Multiple choice

Which of the following hormones is not a reproductive hormone?

  1. Progesterone

  2. Estrogen

  3. Thyroxin

  4. Testosterone

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Thyroxine is a thyroid hormone that regulates metabolism, growth, and development. It is produced by the thyroid gland, not the reproductive organs. Progesterone, estrogen, and testosterone are all reproductive hormones involved in sexual development, menstrual cycles, and fertility.

Multiple choice

Glucocorticoids are mainly responsible for

  1. enhancement of glucose production

  2. retention of sodium by kidney

  3. diminution of glucose formation

  4. excretion of sodium by kidney

  5. decrease in glucose metabolism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glucocorticoids increase the formation of glucose by increasing neoglucogenesis in tissues.

Multiple choice

Which of the following factors is responsible for the changes associated with puberty?

  1. Secretion of adrenaline in males and thyroxin in females

  2. Secretion of testosterone in males and adrenaline in females

  3. Secretion of testosterone in males and oestrogen in females

  4. Secretion of thyroxin in males and oestrogen in females
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Many dramatic changes are observed in one's appearance as one approaches 10–12 years of age.  These changes are associated with puberty because of the secretion of testosterone in males and oestrogen in females.

Multiple choice

Interleukins and growth factors are ______________.

  1. cytokines

  2. lipoxins

  3. enzymes

  4. hormones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  1. Cytokines are mediators that regulate immunological, inflammatory and reparative host response.
    1. They are produced by cells like lymphocytes, macrophages, platelets, etc.
    2. Their action is local not systemic.
    3. They have effect on growth and differentiation of various cells.