Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,530 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones

Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice

Insulin regulates

  1. reproduction

  2. blood glucose level

  3. heart beat

  4. the immune system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a critical role in regulating the amount of glucose in the blood.

Multiple choice

The adrenaline controls the______________.

  1. Blood pressure

  2. Blood urea

  3. Blood sugar

  4. Blood iodine

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a hormone that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses, which includes increasing heart rate and constricting blood vessels to raise blood pressure.

Multiple choice

Secondary sex characters are developed due to the secretion of

  1. progesterone

  2. estrogen

  3. FSH

  4. Both a and b
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Estrogen is the primary hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics. While progesterone is involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, it is not the main driver of these physical traits.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: Placenta present in mammals acts as an endocrine tissue and produces:

A) Human chorionic gonadotrophin B) Estrogen C) Progesterone D) Testosterone

Which of these statements is correct?

  1. A and D

  2. A and C

  3. A, B and C

  4. B, C and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The placenta is an endocrine gland that is only present during pregnancy.It produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, estrogen, and human placental lactogen (hPL).

Multiple choice

Match the proteins in column – I with their functions in column – II.

 
Column – I Column – II
P. Cyclic AMP receptor 1. Regulates the expression of a large number of developmentally-regulated genes
Q. CD59 antigen 2. Allows the sperm to pass through the envelope and fuse with ova
R. Egg lysin 3. Inhibits formation of membrane attack complex
S. Exosortase 4. Recognises and cleaves the carboxyl-terminal sorting signal PEP-CTERM

  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 1; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 4

  3. P - 2; Q - 4; R - 3; S - 1

  4. P - 2; Q - 3; R - 4; S - 1

  5. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct. All proteins are correctly matched with their functions. Cyclic AMP receptor regulates the expression of a large number of developmentally-regulated genes. CD59 antigen inhibits formation of membrane attack complex. Egg lysin allows the sperm to pass through the envelope and fuse with ova. Exosortase recognises and cleaves the carboxyl-terminal sorting signal PEP-CTERM.  

Multiple choice

Which hormone controlls body water and Na+ concentration in the blood?

  1. Luteinizing hormone

  2. Glucagon

  3. ADH

  4. Insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The regulation of body water and sodium ion (Na+) concentration in the blood is controlled through the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). This system operates using a negative feedback loop. The release of ADH is regulated by the hypothalamus.

Multiple choice

Gastric acid output is influenced by all the following hormones except

  1. parathormone

  2. thyroxin

  3. both (1) and (2)

  4. neither (1) nor (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gastric acid secretion is regulated by gastrin, histamine, and acetylcholine. Thyroxin can influence metabolic rates and indirectly affect secretion, but parathormone is not a primary regulator of gastric acid output.