Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

1,953 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

In man, intestinal haustra are

  1. Bulges of colon between plicae semilunares

  2. Bulges of colon between plicae circulares

  3. Bulges of colon between rectal columns

  4. Villi bearing innumerable microvilli
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Haustra are sac like structures which are arranged on the side of three longitudinal muscles cords called taeniae in colon (intestine).

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

The intestinal juice, succus entericus is secreted by 

  1. Villi

  2. Crypts of Lieberkuhn

  3. Brunners Glands

  4. Crypts of Liberkuhn and Brunners glands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Succus entericus, or intestinal juice, is primarily secreted by the Crypts of Lieberkuhn. While Brunner's glands contribute alkaline mucus, the term succus entericus specifically refers to the secretion from the crypts.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Crypts of Lieberkuhn are found in

  1. Small intestine, secrete digestive enzymes

  2. Pancreas, secrete pancreatic juice

  3. Stomach, secrete gastric juice

  4. Liver, secrete bile
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Crypts of Lieberkuhn are found in the small intestine and secrete various components of the intestinal juice, including enzymes and mucus.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Duodenal glands which prevent corrosion by HCl of chyme are

  1. Oxyntic cells

  2. Peptic cells

  3. Brunners glands

  4. Crypts of Lieberkuhn
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Brunner's glands secrete an alkaline, bicarbonate-rich mucus that protects the duodenal mucosa from the acidic chyme coming from the stomach.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Inhibition of gastric and stimulation of gastric, pancreatic and bile secretions are controlled by hormones ____________________.

  1. Gastrin, secretin, enterokinin and cholecystokin

  2. Enterogastrone, gastrin, pancreozymin and cholecystokinin

  3. Gastrin, enterogastrone, cholecystokinin and pancreozymin

  4. Secretin, enterogastrone, gastrin and enterokinin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Enterogastrone inhibits gastric secretion, while gastrin stimulates it. Pancreozymin and cholecystokinin stimulate pancreatic and bile secretions, respectively.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Succus entericus is secreted by

  1. Crypts of Lieberkuhn

  2. Brunners glands

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Succus entericus, or intestinal juice, is primarily secreted by the Crypts of Lieberkuhn. Brunner's glands are located in the duodenum and secrete alkaline mucus, not the full composition of succus entericus.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

In the absence of enterokinase, digestion would be affected in intestine of

  1. Maltose

  2. Starch

  3. Albumin

  4. Amino acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Enterokinase is an enzyme that activates trypsinogen into trypsin. Trypsin is essential for activating other pancreatic proteases, which are required for the digestion of proteins like albumin.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

If for some reasons our goblet cells are non-functional. This will adversely affect

  1. Secretion of sebum from sebaceous glands

  2. Maturation of sperms

  3. Smooth movement of food down the intestine

  4. Production of somatostatin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Goblet cells secrete mucus, which acts as a lubricant in the digestive tract. A lack of mucus would lead to friction and difficulty in the movement of food through the intestine.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

The cells lining the base of intestinal glands that secrete lysozyme are

  1. Brunners gland

  2. Parietal cells

  3. Neck cells

  4. Paneth cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Paneth cells are located at the base of the Crypts of Lieberkuhn and are known to secrete antimicrobial substances, including lysozyme, to protect the intestinal lining.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas
Lining of intestine of man is ________________.

  1. Brush bordered

  2. Ciliated

  3. Non-keratinised

  4. Keratinised
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The outer surface of columnar epithelial cells lining the intestine of man is brush-bordered. It is made up of microvilli that greatly increase the surface area for absorption.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Which of the following statement is not correct?

  1. Burner's glands are present in the submucosa of stomach and secrete pepsinogen

  2. Goblet cells are present in the mucosa of intestine and secrete mucus

  3. Oxyntic cells are present in the mucosa of stomach and secrete HCl

  4. Acini are present in the pancreas and secrete carboxypeptidase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The Burner's glands are present in the submucosa of the small intestine and secrete an alkaline fluid rich in mucin that protects the duodenal surface of the small intestine from the action of the acidic chyme.
So, the correct answer is 'Burner's glands are present in the submucosa of the stomach and secrete pepsinogen'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Which of the following statements regarding small intestine are incorrect?
(i) Throughout the small intestine, there are crypts of Lieberkuhn at the base of the villi.
(ii) In duodenum, there are, in addition, small rounds peptic glands.
(iii) The small intestine is strongly -self-protective; by means of a copious production of mucus and a mechanism for the rapid replacement of cells I damaged by contact with fooiLapd. digestive juices.
(iv) Each villus is richly supplied with blood capillaries only.

  1. (i) and (iv)

  2. (ii) and (iv)

  3. (iii) and (iv)

  4. (i) and (ii)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The correct answer is (b). 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Sacculus rotundus is a dilated part as posterior end of

  1. Ileum

  2. Oesophagus

  3. Ilium

  4. Colon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • An anatomic structure exclusive to rabbits that are located at the terminal part of the ileum is sacculus rotundus. 
  • It is formed at the distal end of ileum and is expanded to form a small dilated spherical sac in a rabbit.
  •  It is rich in lymphoid tissue. Hence, Sacculus rotundus is a dilated part as posterior end of the ileum.
So, the correct answer is 'ileum'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Crypts in between the bases of villi in the intestine are crypts of Lieberkuhn. Which of the following cells in these crypts secrete digestive enzymes?

  1. Pariental cells

  2. Paneth cells

  3. Zymogen cells

  4. Argentaffin cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation


Crypts are anatomical structures that are narrow but deep invaginations into a larger structure. One common type of anatomical crypt is the Crypts of Lieberkühn. Crypts of Lieberkuhn between the bases of villi in the intestine have the Paneth cells which secrete digestive enzymes.

So, the correct option is 'paneth cells'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

A carbohydrate splitting enzyme is secreted by 

  1. Liver

  2. Zymogen cells of gastric glands

  3. Spleen

  4. Crypts of Lieberkuhn
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

While the chyme is present within the small intestine, glands within this structure begin to secrete different types of digestive enzymes, called carbohydrases (amylase, proteases, and lipases or fat splitting enzymes). The glands responsible for these enzymatic secretions are found in the mucosal layer of the small intestine, called the crypts of Lieberkuhn.