Biology · Science General
Human Digestive System
2,002 Questions
The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.
Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria
Human Digestive System Questions
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secretion of gastric juice
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secretion of bicarbonate
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inhibits gasric juice secretion
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contraction of gall bladder
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Cholycystokinin contracts gall bladder.
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Muscularis
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Serosa
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Mucosa
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Sub-mucosa
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The wall of alimentary canal from oesophagus to rectum possesses four layers; namely outer serosa, second muscularis, third sub-mucosa and inner mucosa.
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Proteins
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Glucose
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Amino acids
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Fatty acids and glycerol
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Their absorption requires bile salt.
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Appendiceal cancer - malignancies of the vermiform appendix
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Cholangiocarcinoma - bile ducts which drain bile from the liver into the small intestine
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Adenoma - tumor of the epithelial tissue with glandular origin
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Carcinoid tumor - enterochromaffin cells throughout the gut
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Chronic myelogenous leukemia- primary intracranial tumor appearing mostly in patients with severe immunosuppression
E
Correct answer
Explanation
Correct Answer: Chronic myelogenous - primary intracranial tumor appearing mostly in patients with severe immunosuppression
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Fibronectin
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Integrin
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F-spondin
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Selectin
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Protein Z
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This option is correct. In humans, F-spondin is secreted by the cells of floor plate.
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a physical change
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a temporary change
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a reversible change
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a chemical change
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a spontaneous change
D
Correct answer
Explanation
As gastric juices, saliva and other chemicals break it down into other substances.
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A non-metallic oxide
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Sticking together
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Most solvent
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Upper area of the alimentary canal
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The pharynx is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, leading to the esophagus and larynx. It serves as a common passage for both food and air, making it the upper area of the alimentary canal. It is a biological term.
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pancolectomy
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adranectomy
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thyroidectomy
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colonectomy
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none of the above
A
Correct answer
Explanation
A pancolectomy is the surgical removal of the entire colon. The other terms refer to different organs or are not standard medical terminology.
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pepsin
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renin
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amylase
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none of these
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Salivary amylase, also known as ptyalin, is the primary enzyme found in human saliva. It begins the digestion process by breaking down complex starches into simpler sugars like maltose. Pepsin and renin are enzymes found in the stomach, not the mouth.
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multicellular
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extra-cellular
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unicellular
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cellular
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Extracellular digestion occurs when an organism secretes digestive enzymes onto its food source outside its body. The enzymes break down complex molecules into simpler ones, which are then absorbed. This is the primary method used by fungi to obtain nutrients.
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Mouth
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Oesophagus
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Small intestine
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Stomach
B
Correct answer
Explanation
From mouth, food is transported to the stomach through the food pipe or oesophagus. However, no digestion takes place in the oesophagus. It simply pushes the food into the stomach through rythmic contractions.
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To increase the surface area for absorption of minerals
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To increase the surface area for digestion of food
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To facilitate the diffusion of gases
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To regulate the ejection of waste material
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Large intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals.
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To digest starch
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To emulsify fats
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To decrease pH of food
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To digest proteins
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Bile juice helps to break down the larger fat globules into smaller globules. Thus, it helps in the emulsification of fat.
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Because if they are present in active form, they will digest the walls of the alimentary canal
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Because if they are present in active form, they will inhibit the digestion of starch
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Because if they are present in active form, they will inhibit the activity of other enzymes, like lipase
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Because if they are present in active form, they will increase the acidic concentration in the small intestine
A
Correct answer
Explanation
If pepsin and trypsin are released in active form in the alimentary canal, they will digest the walls of the alimentary canal if food is not available for digestion.
Which of the following correctly represents the enzymes with their functions?
|
|
| (a) Amylase |
(1) Breakdown of fats |
| (b) Trypsin |
(2) Breakdown of lactose |
| (c) Lipase |
(3) Breakdown of starch |
| (d) Lactase |
(4) Breakdown of protein |
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(a) – (4), (b) – (3), (c) – (1), (d) – (2)
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(a) – (1), (b) – (3), (c) – (4), (d) – (2)
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(a) – (3), (b) – (1), (c) – (3), (d) – (2)
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(a) – (3), (b) – (4), (c) – (1), (d) – (2)
D
Correct answer
Explanation
|
|
| (a) Amylase |
(3) Breakdown of starch |
| (b) Trypsin |
(4) Breakdown of proteins |
| (c) Lipase |
(1) Breakdown of fats |
| (d) Lactase |
(2) Breakdown of lactose |