Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

1,953 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice

How do ruminants digest cellulose?

  1. With the help of bacteria in the large intestine.

  2. With the help of bacteria present in small intestine.

  3. With the help of bacteria in caecum.

  4. With the help of juices in stomach.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. Large sac between large intestine and small intestine is called caecum. The cellulose of the food is digested here by the action of certain bacteria which are present in ruminants.

Multiple choice

Why is goat's milk easier to digest than cow's milk?

  1. The fats in goat's milk are simpler.

  2. The goat's milk has a certain protein called alpha S1 casein.

  3. The goat's milk provide the more calcium than cow's milk.

  4. Goat's milk has highly evolved cholesterol than cow's milk
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yes it is correct. The goat's milk is more digestible than cow's milk because the fat molecules are one fifth the size of those from cow milk, making it easily digestible.

Multiple choice

What term can be used to describe the process of taking food inside the mouth?

  1. Egestion

  2. Absorption

  3. Ingestion

  4. Digestion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ingestion is the process of taking food into the body through the mouth - it's the first step of nutrition. Egestion (option A) is eliminating undigested waste, absorption (option B) is nutrients passing into bloodstream, and digestion (option D) is breaking down food. The sequence is: ingestion → digestion → absorption → egestion.

Multiple choice

What is the full form of ORS?

  1. Oral Resolute Solvent

  2. Oral Rejuvenating Solvent

  3. Oral Rehydration Solution

  4. Oral Replenishing Solution
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

ORS stands for Oral Rehydration Solution, a simple but life-saving mixture of clean water, salt (sodium chloride), and sugar (glucose). It is used to treat dehydration caused by diarrhea, cholera, and other gastrointestinal infections. The glucose enhances sodium absorption in the intestines through the SGLT1 transporter, helping the body retain water and electrolytes. The other options are not the standard medical term.

Multiple choice

What is the main source of fiber?

Even though we never actually digest roughage, it works wonders on our digestive system. Roughage, also known as dietary fiber, comes from the plant-based complex carbohydrates found in fruit, vegetables, grains, beans and nuts. Unlike fats or proteins, fiber is neither digested nor absorbed, but it helps carry the food through our system and keeps it running smoothly. Fiber can be soluble or insoluble, each of which affects our digestion differently. Most fiber-rich foods contains a mixture of both. Roughage is understood to be an essential part of any healthy diet plan. Its main function is to add bulk to the diet, which in turn aids in the digestion process and healthy function of the bowel system. There are many different sources of roughage like fruit, whole grains and every type of vegetables. There are two basic reasons that people should be sure that they have enough roughage in their diet. First, many of the foods that contain this bulk can help an individual to feel full more quickly. This can help to minimize the chances of overeating, and help people who are trying to lose weight. Second, because some types of fiber cannot be totally absorbed by the body, the unused portion of the material helps to clean out the digestive tract and bowel. The cleaning action helps to keep these vital areas less susceptible to infection and disease and aids in overall health.

  1. Juices derived from fruit.

  2. Proteins of animal origin.

  3. Carbohydrates of plant origin.

  4. Synthetic or man-made derivatives.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Roughage, also known as dietary fiber, comes from the plant-based complex carbohydrates. Hence, this is the correct option.

Multiple choice

How is 'roughage' different from other food components?

Even though we never actually digest roughage, it works wonders on our digestive system. Roughage, also known as dietary fiber, comes from the plant-based complex carbohydrates found in fruit, vegetables, grains, beans and nuts. Unlike fats or proteins, fiber is neither digested nor absorbed, but it helps carry the food through our system and keeps it running smoothly. Fiber can be soluble or insoluble, each of which affects our digestion differently. Most fiber-rich foods contains a mixture of both. Roughage is understood to be an essential part of any healthy diet plan. Its main function is to add bulk to the diet, which in turn aids in the digestion process and healthy function of the bowel system. There are many different sources of roughage like fruit, whole grains and every type of vegetables. There are two basic reasons that people should be sure that they have enough roughage in their diet. First, many of the foods that contain this bulk can help an individual to feel full more quickly. This can help to minimize the chances of overeating, and help people who are trying to lose weight. Second, because some types of fiber cannot be totally absorbed by the body, the unused portion of the material helps to clean out the digestive tract and bowel. The cleaning action helps to keep these vital areas less susceptible to infection and disease and aids in overall health.

  1. 'Roughage' helps in body building.

  2. 'Roughage' is neither digested nor absorbed.

  3. 'Roughage' has only one source.

  4. 'Roughage' is both plant and animal based.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

According to the passage, 'Unlike fats or proteins, fiber is neither digested nor absorbed'. Hence, this is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Why is roughage an important part of the diet plan?

Even though we never actually digest roughage, it works wonders on our digestive system. Roughage, also known as dietary fiber, comes from the plant-based complex carbohydrates found in fruit, vegetables, grains, beans and nuts. Unlike fats or proteins, fiber is neither digested nor absorbed, but it helps carry the food through our system and keeps it running smoothly. Fiber can be soluble or insoluble, each of which affects our digestion differently. Most fiber-rich foods contains a mixture of both. Roughage is understood to be an essential part of any healthy diet plan. Its main function is to add bulk to the diet, which in turn aids in the digestion process and healthy function of the bowel system. There are many different sources of roughage like fruit, whole grains and every type of vegetables. There are two basic reasons that people should be sure that they have enough roughage in their diet. First, many of the foods that contain this bulk can help an individual to feel full more quickly. This can help to minimize the chances of overeating, and help people who are trying to lose weight. Second, because some types of fiber cannot be totally absorbed by the body, the unused portion of the material helps to clean out the digestive tract and bowel. The cleaning action helps to keep these vital areas less susceptible to infection and disease and aids in overall health.

  1. It adds to the bulk of the diet.

  2. It helps to regulate the movement of bowels.

  3. It helps in weight loss.

  4. All the above options are correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

According to the passage, all the given options are correct, hence, this is the correct option.

Multiple choice

How many types of fiber can be found?

Even though we never actually digest roughage, it works wonders on our digestive system. Roughage, also known as dietary fiber, comes from the plant-based complex carbohydrates found in fruit, vegetables, grains, beans and nuts. Unlike fats or proteins, fiber is neither digested nor absorbed, but it helps carry the food through our system and keeps it running smoothly. Fiber can be soluble or insoluble, each of which affects our digestion differently. Most fiber-rich foods contains a mixture of both. Roughage is understood to be an essential part of any healthy diet plan. Its main function is to add bulk to the diet, which in turn aids in the digestion process and healthy function of the bowel system. There are many different sources of roughage like fruit, whole grains and every type of vegetables. There are two basic reasons that people should be sure that they have enough roughage in their diet. First, many of the foods that contain this bulk can help an individual to feel full more quickly. This can help to minimize the chances of overeating, and help people who are trying to lose weight. Second, because some types of fiber cannot be totally absorbed by the body, the unused portion of the material helps to clean out the digestive tract and bowel. The cleaning action helps to keep these vital areas less susceptible to infection and disease and aids in overall health.

  1. Fiber is of two types - soluble and insoluble.

  2. Fiber is of two types - plant based and animal based.

  3. Fiber is of two types, one which is useful to the body and the other which is harmful for the body.

  4. Fiber is of two types - carbohydrate based and protein based.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

According to the passage,'Fiber can be soluble or insoluble'. Hence, this is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Which among the following statements is TRUE regarding the salivary secretion and swallowing in human beings?

  1. The segmentation movements propel down the bolus .

  2. The pH of saliva in the buccal cavity accelerates as its rate of secretion increases.

  3. Hormones play more significant role than nerves in the governing of salivary secretion.

  4. Swallowing in humans is a totally voluntary activity.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

As salivary secretion increases, so does its bicarbonate concentration. This results in an increase in salivary pH.

Multiple choice

Select the CORRECT statement regarding the control of gastric secretion in humans.

  1. Parietal cells of the gastric glands secrete gastric acid in response to hormonal stimulation.

  2. In an individual, most of the acid and pepsinogen released by the stomach takes place during the intestinal phase of gastric secretion.

  3. Gastric secretion does not commence unless the bolus reaches the stomach of an individual..

  4. Secretin being released by the duodenum stimulates gastric secretion in the stomach.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Parietal cells produce gastric acid, a strong acid that helps to break down food. These cells produce gastric enzymes such as pepsinogen and lipase, which helps us to digest.

Multiple choice

Which among the following statements is TRUE for gastric motility?

  1. Gastric emptying is restricted by the enterogastric reflex.

  2. The fundus region of the stomach is important for the storage of food.

  3. Contractions of the stomach wall do not begin unless the bolus enters the stomach.

  4. The contractions of the stomach depend on activity in the sciatic nerve.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The enterogastric reflex is a general term, which is used to describe all the hormonal and nervous mechanisms that control gastric emptying.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct regarding pancreatic secretion of the body?

  1. Pancreatic secretion is restricted by gastrin being secreted by the G cells of the antrum.

  2. Pancreatic acinar cells accomodate trypsin.

  3. Cholecystokinin restricts secretion from the exocrine pancreas.

  4. The commencement of acid into the duodenum stimulates pancreatic secretion.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is correct.  Acid in contract with the duodenal wall causes the secretion of secretin, which stimulates a copious alkaline secretion by the cells of the pancreatic ducts.