Historical Dates and Events

BCE stands for "Before Common Era" and is used to designate the years before the start of the traditional calendar era. BC also refers to this period but stands for "Before Christ." CE refers to the "Common Era" itself, which covers dates after the birth of Jesus.

CE stands for "Common Era" and is used to label the years from year 1 onward. It is the secular equivalent of AD (Anno Domini). BC and BCE refer to the period before this era.

A century is a specific unit of time equal to 100 years. A decade is a period of 10 years, and an era is an indefinite distinct period of history.

In Britain and parts of Europe, the Iron Age generally spanned from around 800 BC until the Roman invasion in 43 AD. The period from 2500 BC to 800 BC corresponds to the Bronze Age.

In Britain and much of Europe, the Bronze Age lasted from approximately 2500 BC to 800 BC. This period preceded the Iron Age and followed the Stone Age.

Construction of the Stonehenge monument began in phases, with the earliest earthwork enclosure dating to around 3000 BC. Subsequent stone settings were added over the next millennium.

Skara Brae, a well-preserved Neolithic settlement in Orkney, Scotland, was uncovered by a massive storm in 1850. The storm stripped away the sand dunes that had hidden the stone structures for thousands of years. This discovery provided archaeologists with unprecedented insights into prehistoric domestic life.

Norse explorer Leif Erikson is widely believed to have been the first European to reach North America, establishing a settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows in modern-day Newfoundland, Canada, around 1000 A.D.

Harappa was first excavated in 1921 under the leadership of Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni, marking the discovery of the Indus Valley Civilization.

The roots of ancient Indian civilization are generally traced back to around 3000 BC with the emergence of early settlements in the Indus Valley region.

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was born on February 19, 1630, at the Shivneri Fort near Pune. This day is celebrated annually as Shiv Jayanti in Maharashtra.

The Gupta Dynasty was founded by Sri Gupta around the year 275 CE. Chandragupta I later established the Gupta Era in 319 CE, but the initial dynasty itself was founded earlier by Sri Gupta.

The Harappan civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, is generally dated by historians to have flourished roughly between 2300 BC and 1700 BC.

Siddhartha Gautama is traditionally believed to have lived and taught during the 6th century BC (the 500s BC). This period marks the historical origin of Buddhism in ancient India.

Historical consensus generally places the migration of the Indo-Aryan peoples into the Indian subcontinent around 1500 BCE.