Biology · Science General

Health and Nutrition

2,275 Questions

Health and nutrition questions explore the benefits of physical activity, chronic disease prevention, and dietary choices. This topic bridges human biology with everyday wellness, appearing in general science papers. Practice these questions to master concepts related to healthy lifestyles and aging.

Physical activity benefitsChronic disease preventionWorkplace wellness programsHealthy aging strategiesNutritional supplement benefits

Health and Nutrition Questions

Multiple choice

Aman: I have tried many different sorts of dieting programs at various times in the past, which include three kinds of “meal plan” dieting (vegetarian, eggs and diary products) and also diet pills. Because the periods when I was dieting were also the periods in my life when my weight fluctuated the most, I have decided that special diets cannot work for me.

Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on Aman’s conclusion?

  1. Diet pills are designed to manage different weight problems from those managed by “meal plan” diets.

  2. People who use diets that, in the long run work, often experience weight fluctuations while they are dieting.

  3. People who experiment with various sorts of dieting usually have less fluctuation in their weight than those who try only one sort of dieting.

  4. People who experiment with various sorts of dieting are more likely to find a diet that suits their needs, than are people who experiment with only one sort of dieting.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The question asks you to weaken the argument. To do that, first you must find the conclusion, do the Why Test and then get the assumption. This argument assumes that weight fluctuations are evidence that the diet is not working. This choice shows that this is not the case.

Multiple choice

It is good to avoid fat rich food because it causes

  1. obesity

  2. malnutrition

  3. deficiency diseases

  4. low body energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The lack or excess of anything is harmful, e.g. lack of fat lowers the body energy and intake of excess fat results in obesity.

Multiple choice

The following are the advantages of good health except ____.

  1. staying happy and cheerful

  2. increasing the efficiency of doing work

  3. social equality and harmony

  4. constituting a miserable society
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Good health refers to a state when a person is free from any physical, mental or social illness. A healthy person will be efficient, happy, cheerful and will be social with others. Such a person will bring harmony in the society. Thus, options (1), (2) and (3) are correct for good health. Option (4) is not true because ill-minded people constitute a miserable society.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. We need to be happy in order to be healthy.

  2. We cannot be healthy if we are afraid of each other.

  3. Health is a state of well being.

  4. Being disease free is the same as being healthy.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Health is about being physically, mentally and socially well. Happiness, mutual understanding, and joy are the factors of mental and social health and if they are not present then a disease free person will be under stress and cannot be called healthy. In the light of these facts we can conclude that (1), (2) and (3) are correct. But as discussed above, option (4) is incorrect.

Multiple choice

Tea drinking is demonstrated as having significant salutary effects. One area is that of generating a feeling of well-being and good health through its antioxidant action in reducing free radicals. As a result, tea drinkers lead longer, healthier and happier lives.

Which of the following most weakens the above argument?

  1. Several studies have debunked this idea of tea drinker’s leading longer lives.

  2. The antioxidant effects of tea drinking can be obtained through other means also.

  3. Beneficial effects of tea drinking have not been conclusively proved.

  4. Tea and coffee preferences are usually genetically determined.

  5. The perceived happiness is only due to the feel good factor.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Option 4 implies a cause other than ‘tea drinking’ to explain the relationship between the premise and the conclusion. Since tea preference is genetically determined, long life also may be genetically determined rather than being the effect of tea drinking. Genetics is the cause, tea drinking and long life are the effects.

Multiple choice

Cold water does not quench one’s thirst as effectively as water at room temperature does. On the other hand, cold water is better for taking a bath with as compared to bathing with water at room temperature.

Which of the following most closely parallels the reasoning above?

  1. Eating at a restaurant offers a pleasant ambience but is an expensive outing. Eating at home ensures more whole some and nutritious food, and is less expensive.

  2. Oranges are a richer source of sugar and vitamin C than are apples. However, apples have a higher percentage of pesticides as compared to oranges.

  3. Tea is a more popular beverage in China than is coffee. On the other hand, coffee is the preferred beverage in the western world.

  4. Travelling by air is not as cheap as travelling by road. However, travelling by road is slower than travelling by air.

  5. Walking is not as good a source of exercise as working out at a gymnasium is. However, walking has greater all round benefits than working out at a gymnasium.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Correct. The reasoning is: X is not as good as Y for one purpose. However, X is better than Y for another purpose. 

Multiple choice

Eating fruit after dinner increases the chance of contracting diabetes at a younger age. Doctors recommend eating fruit before a meal instead. It has been found that people have a habit of doing the opposite and as a result spend a huge amount of money on treatment. Now that people are being educated about the same, the cost of treatment would drop significantly.

Which of the following reasons would pose a doubt on the conclusion given by the author?

  1. A drop in the number of patients is erroneously held responsible for a drop in the cost of treatment.

  2. There is no material difference between fruit taken before or after the main course.

  3. Taken in moderation, fruit intake does not lead to diabetes.

  4. Cost of treatment depends upon severity of the ailment.

  5. Changing a habit can be a difficult task, hence not an effective method for controlling diseases.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

There is no direct relation between the evidence and the conclusion. A drop in number of patients won't necessarily bring down individual treatment costs.

Multiple choice

A greater amount of health foods and nutritional supplements are sold in Salubria than in Somnosia. From this, researchers conclude that the people of Salubria are more health conscious than are the people of Somnosia.

Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the above conclusion?

  1. Salubria has a population much higher than Somnosia has.

  2. Several residents of Somnosia prefer to shop at the departmental stores of Salubria where the sales transaction gets recorded.

  3. Due to low overheads, health foods and nutritional supplements are more easily and cheaply available in Somnosia than in Salubria.

  4. Many people in Salubria buy nutritional supplements as per the prescriptions of physicians.

  5. Somnosia is a major commercial centre and many people from neighboring areas work and shop there.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Even though supplements are cheaper and more readily available in Samnosia, the fact that they still sell more in Salubria points towards health consciousness of Salubria residents. This provides alternative explanation and thus weakens the argument.

Multiple choice

After a survey, BuildStar Construction Company, which owns thirty percent of market share, started adding an elevator to any building having more than three levels. It has been three years since this change was brought and people in the town have reported an increase in the number of cardiac problems. Health experts claim that not using the stairs in daily life is responsible for increasing instances of heart trouble in the city.

Which of the following statement if true would pose a doubt on the conclusion of the health experts?

  1. BuildStar owns only thirty percent of the market share.

  2. Other factors like diet, sedentary lifestyles, etc also cause heart related problems.

  3. Walking up the stairs is just another daily-life activity to keep oneself healthy.

  4. Discontinuation of a minor workout doesn't result in major ailments.

  5. Companies usually don't ape the ongoing trends in the market.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If walking is just one of the activities people undertake for fitness, it's possible that just stopping use of stairs hasn't resulted in cardiac problems.

Multiple choice

Directions: This question presents a sentence, all or part of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

Many cardiologists now believe that a sedentary life-style and not faulty food habits are the major reason of heart strokes.

  1. believe that a sedentary life-style and not faulty food habits are

  2. believe that sedentary life-styles but not faulty food habits are

  3. believe that it is sedentary life-style but not faulty food habits that are

  4. believe that sedentary life-styles and not faulty food habits are

  5. believe that a sedentary life-style and not faulty food habits is
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Explanation for (1): The latter part of the sentence concludes that 'life-style' is the major 'reason' (not reasons) for the problem. This implies that the subject is singular and so, the verb 'are' should be changed to 'is'. Explanation for (2): This option unnecessarily changes the conjunction and turns the subject into plural. Explanation for (3): This option makes unwarranted changes without rectifying the error of S-V agreement. Explanation for (4): This option unnecessarily turns the subject into plural. Justification for (5): The latter part of the sentence concludes that 'life-style' is the major 'reason' (not reasons) for the problem. This implies that the subject is singular and so, the verb 'are' should be changed to 'is'. This option corrects the error.

Multiple choice

Directions: The sentence has a part underlined. The part may have error of grammar and/or syntax. Identify the error and select the option that rectifies the error.

Many cardiologists now believe that a sedentary life-style and not faulty food habits are the major reason of heart strokes.

  1. believe that a sedentary life-style and not faulty food habits are

  2. believe that sedentary life-styles but not faulty food habits are

  3. believe that it is sedentary life-style but not faulty food habits.

  4. believe that sedentary life-styles and not faulty food habits are

  5. believe that a sedentary life-style and not faulty food habits is
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

 The hint to this sentence can be taken from the latter part where the sentence that concludes that 'life style' is the major cause, not causes for the problem. This implies that the subject is singular, and this is the reason why the verb should be singular which we find in (E), the correct option.