Geography ยท Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,120 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the process of soil erosion by wind?

  1. Deflation

  2. Abrasion

  3. Plucking

  4. Attrition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Deflation is the process by which wind removes loose soil particles from the Earth's surface, resulting in soil erosion.

Multiple choice

Which geomorphic feature is formed by the erosive action of a glacier?

  1. Sand dunes

  2. Meanders

  3. Cirques

  4. Moraines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cirques are bowl-shaped depressions formed by glacial erosion at the head of a valley.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the process of rock breakdown due to the action of plants and animals?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Carbonation

  4. Biological weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biological weathering is the process by which plants and animals break down rocks through their activities, such as root penetration, burrowing, and the release of organic acids.

Multiple choice

Which geomorphic feature is formed by the deposition of sediment by a river?

  1. Sand dunes

  2. Meanders

  3. Cirques

  4. Floodplains
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Floodplains are flat, low-lying areas adjacent to rivers that are periodically inundated during floods.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the process of rock breakdown due to the action of water?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Carbonation

  4. Hydraulic action
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hydraulic action is the process by which water physically breaks down rocks through its force and erosive power.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a primary factor influencing riverbed morphology?

  1. Channel slope

  2. Sediment supply

  3. Bank vegetation

  4. Tributary inputs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Tributary inputs are not a primary factor influencing riverbed morphology. The primary factors are channel slope, sediment supply, and bank vegetation.

Multiple choice

The longitudinal profile of a river typically exhibits which of the following patterns?

  1. Concave upward

  2. Concave downward

  3. Straight

  4. Irregular
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The longitudinal profile of a river typically exhibits a concave upward pattern, indicating a decrease in channel slope with increasing distance from the source.

Multiple choice

Which of the following sediment properties is most influential in determining the mode of sediment transport?

  1. Grain size

  2. Grain shape

  3. Grain density

  4. Grain surface texture
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Grain size is the most influential sediment property in determining the mode of sediment transport. Larger grains are typically transported by bedload, while smaller grains are transported by suspended load.

Multiple choice

The process by which sediment is picked up and entrained into the flow is known as:

  1. Erosion

  2. Transportation

  3. Deposition

  4. Sediment sorting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Erosion is the process by which sediment is picked up and entrained into the flow. Transportation is the process by which sediment is moved downstream, deposition is the process by which sediment is dropped out of the flow, and sediment sorting is the process by which sediment is separated into different size fractions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of bedform commonly found in rivers?

  1. Dunes

  2. Ripples

  3. Bars

  4. Meanders
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Meanders are not a type of bedform. They are sinuous bends in the river channel.

Multiple choice

The process by which sediment is dropped out of the flow is known as:

  1. Erosion

  2. Transportation

  3. Deposition

  4. Sediment sorting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Deposition is the process by which sediment is dropped out of the flow. Erosion is the process by which sediment is picked up and entrained into the flow, transportation is the process by which sediment is moved downstream, and sediment sorting is the process by which sediment is separated into different size fractions.

Multiple choice

The process by which sediment is separated into different size fractions is known as:

  1. Erosion

  2. Transportation

  3. Deposition

  4. Sediment sorting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sediment sorting is the process by which sediment is separated into different size fractions. Erosion is the process by which sediment is picked up and entrained into the flow, transportation is the process by which sediment is moved downstream, and deposition is the process by which sediment is dropped out of the flow.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of sediment transport?

  1. Bedload

  2. Suspended load

  3. Wash load

  4. Dissolved load
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Dissolved load is not a type of sediment transport. It refers to the transport of dissolved ions in the water.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the process of wearing down mountains by natural forces such as wind, water, and ice?

  1. Weathering

  2. Erosion

  3. Deposition

  4. Folding
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Erosion is the process by which mountains are gradually worn down and eroded by natural forces, shaping their landscapes and reducing their elevation over time.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe a mountain formed by the accumulation of material deposited by a glacier?

  1. Moraine

  2. Esker

  3. Drumlin

  4. Pingo
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Moraines are accumulations of rock, sediment, and debris deposited by glaciers as they move and erode the landscape, forming distinct ridges or mounds.