Famous Personalities and Discoveries

Hippocrates is the Greek physician who gave the 'Hippocratic oath' followed by doctors.

Karl Marx, along with Friedrich Engels, developed the theory of scientific socialism through their analysis of capitalism and class struggle. His works like 'Das Kapital' and 'The Communist Manifesto' laid the foundation for scientific socialism.

Prof. Amartya Sen was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998 for his contributions to welfare economics, including his work on social choice theory, poverty measurement, and development economics. While his work touches on food, famines, and Indian economy, welfare economics is his primary field.

Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, the celebrated Indian engineer and statesman, was born on September 15, 1861. He was knighted by the British for his contributions to public works and is renowned for his engineering projects across India.

This concept is aimed at reconstruction of Earth's past history on the basis of the present.

Karl Landsteiner is known as the father of Haematology for his discovery of the ABO blood group system in 1901, which revolutionized blood transfusion safety. Charles Darwin worked on evolution, Georges Cuvier on paleontology, and Louis Pasteur on microbiology and vaccination.

Edward Teller is known as the father of the hydrogen bomb for his key role in its development at Los Alamos. Volta, Galileo, and Chronin worked in different fields - electricity, astronomy, and particle physics respectively.

Albert Einstein developed the Theory of Relativity, including both Special Relativity (1905) and General Relativity (1915). These theories revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the relationship between mass and energy.

Dhirubhai Ambani worked as a petrol station attendant in Aden, Yemen (then part of Federation of South Arabia) in the 1950s before returning to India to start Reliance. This early international exposure influenced his business philosophy. Yemen (Aden) is the correct answer, not India, USA, or Saudi Arabia.

Friedrich Froebel, a German educator, founded the first Kindergarten in 1837. The word 'Kindergarten' means 'children's garden' in German, reflecting his philosophy of nurturing young children like plants.

Alan Turing is widely regarded as the father of modern computing for his groundbreaking work on the theoretical foundations of computation, the Turing machine, and artificial intelligence.

Samuel Hahnemann is recognized as the founder of homeopathy, a alternative medicine system based on 'like cures like' principle. Banting discovered insulin, Harvey discovered blood circulation, and R.H. Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom classification system.

Ian Wilmut led the research team at Roslin Institute that created Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell using nuclear transfer. This groundbreaking achievement established Wilmut as the pioneer of modern cloning technology, though the spelling 'Wilmutt' in the option has an extra 't' - it should be 'Wilmut'.

Euclid is known as the 'Father of Geometry' for his groundbreaking work 'Elements', which systematically presented the principles of geometry. Written around 300 BCE, it became the foundation for geometric understanding for over 2000 years and established the axiomatic method used in mathematics today.

Pythagoras proclaimed that 'Number rules the Universe' (also translated as 'All is number'). He believed that numerical relationships were the fundamental principle governing the cosmos, that musical intervals, planetary motions, and all reality could be explained through numbers and ratios.