Spotting Errors

 'One' should be followed by it own possessive, one's.

 The apostrophe must be eliminated in the word "it's". 'It's's is the contraction of 'it is' and thus out of context. We would write 'its' instead to indicate ownership.

Since it is a final exam, it will be one test only. Hence, it should be "The final exam, an essay test, will be given during the last week of classes."

 We must change it to 'you are responsible'.

'Between' is used for comparing two things, while 'among' is used for comparing three or more things. When talking about 'various clones of the same species', this implies multiple clones (more than two), so 'among' would be more appropriate than 'between'. This is a usage error in preposition selection.

The primary subject is 'the captain' and this means we must use the singular verb 'was' in the sentence.

 The subject of the sentence is 'consequences', thus we must use the plural form of the verb 'were'. 

 they (job opportunities). We must use the word "they" to indicate what is lost, which is 'job opportunities'.

'News' is a singular mass noun (uncountable noun) even though it ends in 's'. It requires a singular verb 'is' not plural 'are'. The correct sentence should be 'There is no news today' not 'There are no news today'. This is a common error with nouns that look plural but are grammatically singular.

'Underlying' is a singular adjective form, and the noun it modifies is 'aerodynamics' (singular field). The verb should be 'is' not 'are'. Additionally, 'motions' should be 'motion' to match the singular subject 'laws'. The correct sentence is 'Underlying aerodynamics and all other branches of theoretical mechanics IS the laws of MOTION developed in the seventeenth century.' There are actually two errors, but the most critical one is in part D with 'motions' being incorrect.

When comparing quantities using 'as much...as', the noun should be singular 'fabric' not plural 'fabrics'. The phrase 'as much fabric' refers to an uncountable quantity, while 'as many fabrics' would refer to countable types. The correct structure is 'as much fabric in a few seconds as it once took workers weeks to produce'. This is a usage error with quantifiers and countable vs. uncountable nouns.

The verb phrase 'make different' is missing its object. The correct structure should be 'make IT different' or 'make THEM different' (referring back to the giraffe's long neck and legs). As written, 'make different' is grammatically incomplete - you cannot 'make different' without specifying what is being made different. This is a sentence structure error.

The sentence says 'elements that are often represented as symbol'. Since 'elements' is plural, the noun should also be plural 'symbols'. Multiple elements are represented by multiple symbols, not a single symbol. The correct phrase should be 'represented as symbols'. This is a number agreement error between the noun and its modifier.

The error is in part (C). The pronoun 'their' is incorrect because 'category' is a singular noun. The correct pronoun should be 'its' or 'the' to refer back to the singular antecedent 'category'. Parts (A), (B), and (D) are grammatically correct.