English Reading Comprehension

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

Passage A

Most Icelanders have suffered this year during one of the worst winters ever, but one native who recently returned actually enjoys the weather. Keiko, a killer whale who has spent most of his life in captivity in North America, is adapting well to the semi-wild in a secluded bay and could be released into the open sea as early as this summer. Critics predicted the star of the hit movie "Free Willy" would experience frostbite when he returned to the frigid waters in September. But the rehabilitating whale has proved them wrong. "He's thriving," said Bob Ratliffe of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation. "He's actually energized by the weather the worse it gets. He jumps out of water to get sprayed by the salt spray." Keiko still does tricks or receives handouts occasionally, reminders of life in captivity since 1979. He was captured at the age of 1 or 2. Since then a long odyssey has taken the black and white seafarer from Canada to Mexico to the United States. In 1982 he was moved to an amusement park in Ontario. Three years later another park took him to Mexico City. There, the 6.4-meter (21-foot) sea mammal reportedly lived in a cramped pen with an excessively warm temperature. The 1993 film drew attention to his plight, and in 1996 the Free Willy Keiko Foundation moved him to a facility in Newport, Oregon. The foundation has spent over \$12 million on its efforts to repatriate Keiko, and late last year flew the roughly 40,000-pound (18,100-kilogram) creature aboard a C-17 transport plane to his aquatic halfway house near the Wesman Islands. Since his return, he increasingly has shown characteristics of a wild whale, diving more frequently, eating more live fish and generally becoming more active. Keiko still must clear some hurdles before he can be released into the open sea. Trainers plan to give him a simulated stay in the wild this summer. They hope to enclose a larger bay, outfit Keiko with a satellite transmitter, and then take him for a walk. "We'll boat train him so he'll follow a target, and then we can recall him back to the boat if necessary," says Jeff Foster, also of the foundation. "That gives us access out to deeper water." Keiko has had limited contact with other marine mammals, but none of the encounters were close enough to learn much about his ability to interact in the wild. A harbor seal wandered into the pen, but quickly exited after spotting Keiko. "We've had pilot whales and mink whales and harbor porpoises, and we do see a change in behavior," Foster says. "He becomes a lot more vocal. He's a lot more active when these animals do show." The question remains; however, can Keiko relate with other animals in such a way as to ensure his survival? "There's the possibility that freedom may come this summer, but we're not going to do this in a cavalier fashion. It may very well be the following summer," Ratliffe says.  And if Keiko can't adapt, the foundation is prepared to take care of the famous leviathan for remainder of his life at an annual cost of about \$1 million.

Passage B

Cavorting with his trainers Keiko spent his last day at the Oregon Coast aquarium seemingly unaware of the long journey ahead. His handlers had worried that Keiko might balk at going into his medical pool, but shortly after noon he breezed through the door. There were also concerns that he might be nervous about getting into the sling used to raise him out of the pool. To the relief of all Keiko couldn't have been more accommodating. Dave Phillips of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation says, "He's calm, not been vocalizing very much, no wiggling in the sling, a dream come true to see him go in so well, ready to take it home”. Once he was loaded into his so called cradle, the ice brigade got underway. More than a ton of ice was dumped in with Keiko as soon as he was loaded onto the truck. Keeping him cool was one of the most important missions of his handlers on the flight. Through the entire nine hour flight Keiko will be watched closely. 
Dave Phillips says, " We're gonna be monitoring his heart rate, his temperature. His skin has Lanolin to keep it from drying out on the plane." The seven and a half million dollar tank built especially for Keiko is now empty. The aquarium says it will turn it into an alternative attraction now that their biggest star is gone. Hillman Luedderman is a board member of the Oregon Coast Aquarium and he relates his feelings about Keiko leaving, "I have mixed emotions. I think the right thing's being done for Keiko, but we've grown to love him" They're ready to love him in Iceland. Some Icelandic kids were here to see Keiko off. One said, "It's great...it's fantastic" As Keiko's caravan made it's way down the highway, loyal fans lined up to bid a final farewell. Then he was loaded into the mammoth Air force C-17 jet. The plane had a smooth takeoff enroute to the long journey to Iceland. For the world’s most famous whale, a journey some hope is the final chapter of Keiko's captivity.

The following are the different ways the hackers justify their actions. Which one is not given in the passage or is irrelevant?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

Today's information is highly interconnected by the Internet. With this interconnection of computer systems through the Internet comes computer crime. Breaking into computer systems, damaging information on computer systems, and stealing information on computer systems, more commonly known as hacking, has become extremely common on the Internet. As hacking becomes more frequent, and as some would say, more of a problem, should we consider hacking a criminal activity?

Information from across the world is stored on computer systems-most of which are connected, networked, to other computer systems through the Internet. In the ideal situation, this interconnection of information enables others from outside a specific computer network to access that specific computer network and its information. This has created a world in which information is extremely important and extremely easy to access, which in turn has created a government, business, and personal society that is dependant on and successful from the networked information.

But this network also has its drawbacks. Besides enabling people who need to use the information for legitimate business or personal use to gain access, the network also-often unknowingly-enables unauthorized people to gain access to the information in one way or another, no matter what kind of network security they have implemented. Gaining access to a computer system that does not intentionally allow you access is called hacking.

Hacking causes many problems for networked information. Hackers can change and damage information. They can sell information. They can destroy information. They can destroy the computer systems in which the information is stored. It is estimated that hackers have caused between \$145 million and \$5 billion in damage to hacked systems annually in the United States (Skinner 1). The destruction or damaging of information is why it is important to determine whether hacking should be considered a criminal activity.

But along with hacking comes the terms to prevent hacking. Some suggest creating strict Internet laws that could be used to make and prove hacking a crime. Some suggest that the government sniff-a type of eavesdropping of the Internet-Internet traffic and monitor such things as e-mail. But both of these actions to prevent hacking, to make it a crime, also infringe on the privacy rights of everyone who uses the Internet. This is another reason why it is important to determine whether hacking should be considered a criminal activity, because if it is, it could affect a lot more people than just the hackers.

There are two primary sides to the hacking controversy: the hackers and the non-hackers. The hackers believe that what they are doing does not constitute a crime. One argument is that they provide a service to organizations by breaking into them. Specifically, by hackers breaking into an organization's network, they are showing the organization what their security holes are so that they can fix them.

Hackers also believe that hacking shouldn't be a crime because it is not the hacker's fault if the organization does not have a strong security system for their network. Hackers believe that if they can get into the network, it is the organization's fault, not theirs.

Hackers also believe that the Internet is free. They believe that the Internet does not belong to anyone. And for this reason, anything that is found on the Internet or on a network connected to the Internet is open to the public.

Hackers argue that if they can do it-break in to a network-they should be allowed to do it. Hackers take great pride in their computer skills and see breaking into a network as an intellectual accomplishment that few can do, so they should be awarded for it.

Non-hackers, whether they are government officials, businesses, or the general public, believe that hackers infringe on their privacy. They believe that hackers break in to their computers or computer networks and look at, change, destroy, and steal their private information.

Non-hackers believe that hackers are criminals. They are breaking into computer networks that contain private information. They liken it to a burglar breaking into a person's house. Even if that burglar does not steal or destroy anything in the house, it is still illegal for them to be there.

Some of the non-hackers believe that the Internet needs more regulation to ward off hackers. But this is where the group of non-hackers becomes divided, because with more regulation of the Internet comes less freedom of the Internet, and, probably the most important result that divides this group, less privacy. With more regulation comes more policing, and with more policing less freedom and privacy.

Other non-hackers believe that hackers need to be caught and punished, but without taking away the freedom and privacy that the Internet offers now. They do not want the government or law enforcement to monitor the Internet. They only want better laws to prosecute the hackers after they are caught and better ways of catching the hackers without infringing on the general public's privacy.

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

Passage A

Most Icelanders have suffered this year during one of the worst winters ever, but one native who recently returned actually enjoys the weather. Keiko, a killer whale who has spent most of his life in captivity in North America, is adapting well to the semi-wild in a secluded bay and could be released into the open sea as early as this summer. Critics predicted the star of the hit movie "Free Willy" would experience frostbite when he returned to the frigid waters in September. But the rehabilitating whale has proved them wrong. "He's thriving," said Bob Ratliffe of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation. "He's actually energized by the weather the worse it gets. He jumps out of water to get sprayed by the salt spray." Keiko still does tricks or receives handouts occasionally, reminders of life in captivity since 1979. He was captured at the age of 1 or 2. Since then a long odyssey has taken the black and white seafarer from Canada to Mexico to the United States. In 1982 he was moved to an amusement park in Ontario. Three years later another park took him to Mexico City. There, the 6.4-meter (21-foot) sea mammal reportedly lived in a cramped pen with an excessively warm temperature. The 1993 film drew attention to his plight, and in 1996 the Free Willy Keiko Foundation moved him to a facility in Newport, Oregon. The foundation has spent over \$12 million on its efforts to repatriate Keiko, and late last year flew the roughly 40,000-pound (18,100-kilogram) creature aboard a C-17 transport plane to his aquatic halfway house near the Wesman Islands. Since his return, he increasingly has shown characteristics of a wild whale, diving more frequently, eating more live fish and generally becoming more active. Keiko still must clear some hurdles before he can be released into the open sea. Trainers plan to give him a simulated stay in the wild this summer. They hope to enclose a larger bay, outfit Keiko with a satellite transmitter, and then take him for a walk. "We'll boat train him so he'll follow a target, and then we can recall him back to the boat if necessary," says Jeff Foster, also of the foundation. "That gives us access out to deeper water." Keiko has had limited contact with other marine mammals, but none of the encounters were close enough to learn much about his ability to interact in the wild. A harbor seal wandered into the pen, but quickly exited after spotting Keiko. "We've had pilot whales and mink whales and harbor porpoises, and we do see a change in behavior," Foster says. "He becomes a lot more vocal. He's a lot more active when these animals do show." The question remains; however, can Keiko relate with other animals in such a way as to ensure his survival? "There's the possibility that freedom may come this summer, but we're not going to do this in a cavalier fashion. It may very well be the following summer," Ratliffe says.  And if Keiko can't adapt, the foundation is prepared to take care of the famous leviathan for remainder of his life at an annual cost of about \$1 million.

Passage B

Cavorting with his trainers Keiko spent his last day at the Oregon Coast aquarium seemingly unaware of the long journey ahead. His handlers had worried that Keiko might balk at going into his medical pool, but shortly after noon he breezed through the door. There were also concerns that he might be nervous about getting into the sling used to raise him out of the pool. To the relief of all Keiko couldn't have been more accommodating. Dave Phillips of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation says, "He's calm, not been vocalizing very much, no wiggling in the sling, a dream come true to see him go in so well, ready to take it home”. Once he was loaded into his so called cradle, the ice brigade got underway. More than a ton of ice was dumped in with Keiko as soon as he was loaded onto the truck. Keeping him cool was one of the most important missions of his handlers on the flight. Through the entire nine hour flight Keiko will be watched closely. 
Dave Phillips says, " We're gonna be monitoring his heart rate, his temperature. His skin has Lanolin to keep it from drying out on the plane." The seven and a half million dollar tank built especially for Keiko is now empty. The aquarium says it will turn it into an alternative attraction now that their biggest star is gone. Hillman Luedderman is a board member of the Oregon Coast Aquarium and he relates his feelings about Keiko leaving, "I have mixed emotions. I think the right thing's being done for Keiko, but we've grown to love him" They're ready to love him in Iceland. Some Icelandic kids were here to see Keiko off. One said, "It's great...it's fantastic" As Keiko's caravan made it's way down the highway, loyal fans lined up to bid a final farewell. Then he was loaded into the mammoth Air force C-17 jet. The plane had a smooth takeoff enroute to the long journey to Iceland. For the world’s most famous whale, a journey some hope is the final chapter of Keiko's captivity.

All of the following are reasons why the modern viewer will be bored by watching old shows except:

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

The quickest way to appreciate the Sleeper Curve's cognitive training is to sit down and watch a few hours of hit programming from the late 70's on Nick at Nite or the SOAP net channel or on DVD. The modern viewer who watches a show like ''Dallas'' today will be bored by the content -- not just because the show is less salacious than today's soap operas (which it is by a small margin) but also because the show contains far less information in each scene, despite the fact that its soap-opera structure made it one of the most complicated narratives on television in its prime. With ''Dallas,'' the modern viewer doesn't have to think to make sense of what's going on, and not having to think is boring. Many recent hit shows -- ''24,'' ''Survivor,'' ''The Sopranos,'' ''Alias,'' ''Lost,'' ''The Simpsons,'' ''E.R.'' -- take the opposite approach, layering each scene with a thick network of affiliations. You have to focus to follow the plot, and in focusing you're exercising the parts of your brain that map social networks, that fill in missing information, that connect multiple narrative threads.

Of course, the entertainment industry isn't increasing the cognitive complexity of its products for charitable reasons. The Sleeper Curve exists because there's money to be made by making culture smarter. The economics of television syndication and DVD sales mean that there's a tremendous financial pressure to make programs that can be watched multiple times, revealing new nuances and shadings on the third viewing. Meanwhile, the Web has created a forum for annotation and commentary that allows more complicated shows to prosper, thanks to the fan sites where each episode of shows like ''Lost'' or ''Alias'' is dissected with an intensity usually reserved for Talmud scholars. Finally, interactive games have trained a new generation of media consumers to probe complex environments and to think on their feet, and that gamer audience has now come to expect the same challenges from their television shows. In the end, the Sleeper Curve tells us something about the human mind. It may be drawn toward the sensational where content is concerned -- sex does sell, after all. But the mind also likes to be challenged; there's real pleasure to be found in solving puzzles, detecting patterns or unpacking a complex narrative system.

In pointing out some of the ways that popular culture has improved our minds, I am not arguing that parents should stop paying attention to the way their children amuse themselves. What I am arguing for is a change in the criteria we use to determine what really is cognitive junk food and what is genuinely nourishing. Instead of a show's violent or tawdry content, instead of wardrobe malfunctions or the F-word, the true test should be whether a given show engages or sedates the mind. Is it a single thread strung together with predictable punch lines every 30 seconds? Or does it map a complex social network? Is your on-screen character running around shooting everything in sight, or is she trying to solve problems and manage resources? If your kids want to watch reality TV, encourage them to watch ''Survivor'' over ''Fear Factor.'' If they want to watch a mystery show, encourage ''24'' over ''Law and Order.'' If they want to play a violent game, encourage “Grand Theft Auto” over “Quake”. Indeed, it might be just as helpful to have a rating system that used mental labor and not obscenity and violence as its classification scheme for the world of mass culture.

Kids and grown-ups each can learn from their increasingly shared obsessions. Too often we imagine the blurring of kid and grown-up cultures as a series of violations: the 9-year-olds who have nipple broaches explained to them thanks to Janet Jackson; the middle-aged guy who can't wait to get home to his Xbox. But this demographic blur has a commendable side that we don't acknowledge enough. The kids are forced to think like grown-ups: analyzing complex social networks, managing resources, tracking subtle narrative intertwining, recognizing long-term patterns. The grown-ups, in turn, get to learn from the kids: decoding each new technological wave, parsing the interfaces and discovering the intellectual rewards of play. Parents should see this as an opportunity, not a crisis. Smart culture is no longer something you force our kids to ingest, like green vegetables. It's something you share.

In both the passages, the authors predominantly use

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

Passage A

Most Icelanders have suffered this year during one of the worst winters ever, but one native who recently returned actually enjoys the weather. Keiko, a killer whale who has spent most of his life in captivity in North America, is adapting well to the semi-wild in a secluded bay and could be released into the open sea as early as this summer. Critics predicted the star of the hit movie "Free Willy" would experience frostbite when he returned to the frigid waters in September. But the rehabilitating whale has proved them wrong. "He's thriving," said Bob Ratliffe of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation. "He's actually energized by the weather the worse it gets. He jumps out of water to get sprayed by the salt spray." Keiko still does tricks or receives handouts occasionally, reminders of life in captivity since 1979. He was captured at the age of 1 or 2. Since then a long odyssey has taken the black and white seafarer from Canada to Mexico to the United States. In 1982 he was moved to an amusement park in Ontario. Three years later another park took him to Mexico City. There, the 6.4-meter (21-foot) sea mammal reportedly lived in a cramped pen with an excessively warm temperature. The 1993 film drew attention to his plight, and in 1996 the Free Willy Keiko Foundation moved him to a facility in Newport, Oregon. The foundation has spent over \$12 million on its efforts to repatriate Keiko, and late last year flew the roughly 40,000-pound (18,100-kilogram) creature aboard a C-17 transport plane to his aquatic halfway house near the Wesman Islands. Since his return, he increasingly has shown characteristics of a wild whale, diving more frequently, eating more live fish and generally becoming more active. Keiko still must clear some hurdles before he can be released into the open sea. Trainers plan to give him a simulated stay in the wild this summer. They hope to enclose a larger bay, outfit Keiko with a satellite transmitter, and then take him for a walk. "We'll boat train him so he'll follow a target, and then we can recall him back to the boat if necessary," says Jeff Foster, also of the foundation. "That gives us access out to deeper water." Keiko has had limited contact with other marine mammals, but none of the encounters were close enough to learn much about his ability to interact in the wild. A harbor seal wandered into the pen, but quickly exited after spotting Keiko. "We've had pilot whales and mink whales and harbor porpoises, and we do see a change in behavior," Foster says. "He becomes a lot more vocal. He's a lot more active when these animals do show." The question remains; however, can Keiko relate with other animals in such a way as to ensure his survival? "There's the possibility that freedom may come this summer, but we're not going to do this in a cavalier fashion. It may very well be the following summer," Ratliffe says.  And if Keiko can't adapt, the foundation is prepared to take care of the famous leviathan for remainder of his life at an annual cost of about \$1 million.

Passage B

Cavorting with his trainers Keiko spent his last day at the Oregon Coast aquarium seemingly unaware of the long journey ahead. His handlers had worried that Keiko might balk at going into his medical pool, but shortly after noon he breezed through the door. There were also concerns that he might be nervous about getting into the sling used to raise him out of the pool. To the relief of all Keiko couldn't have been more accommodating. Dave Phillips of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation says, "He's calm, not been vocalizing very much, no wiggling in the sling, a dream come true to see him go in so well, ready to take it home”. Once he was loaded into his so called cradle, the ice brigade got underway. More than a ton of ice was dumped in with Keiko as soon as he was loaded onto the truck. Keeping him cool was one of the most important missions of his handlers on the flight. Through the entire nine hour flight Keiko will be watched closely. 
Dave Phillips says, " We're gonna be monitoring his heart rate, his temperature. His skin has Lanolin to keep it from drying out on the plane." The seven and a half million dollar tank built especially for Keiko is now empty. The aquarium says it will turn it into an alternative attraction now that their biggest star is gone. Hillman Luedderman is a board member of the Oregon Coast Aquarium and he relates his feelings about Keiko leaving, "I have mixed emotions. I think the right thing's being done for Keiko, but we've grown to love him" They're ready to love him in Iceland. Some Icelandic kids were here to see Keiko off. One said, "It's great...it's fantastic" As Keiko's caravan made it's way down the highway, loyal fans lined up to bid a final farewell. Then he was loaded into the mammoth Air force C-17 jet. The plane had a smooth takeoff enroute to the long journey to Iceland. For the world’s most famous whale, a journey some hope is the final chapter of Keiko's captivity.

In Passage A, most people thought that Keiko would

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

Passage A

Most Icelanders have suffered this year during one of the worst winters ever, but one native who recently returned actually enjoys the weather. Keiko, a killer whale who has spent most of his life in captivity in North America, is adapting well to the semi-wild in a secluded bay and could be released into the open sea as early as this summer. Critics predicted the star of the hit movie "Free Willy" would experience frostbite when he returned to the frigid waters in September. But the rehabilitating whale has proved them wrong. "He's thriving," said Bob Ratliffe of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation. "He's actually energized by the weather the worse it gets. He jumps out of water to get sprayed by the salt spray." Keiko still does tricks or receives handouts occasionally, reminders of life in captivity since 1979. He was captured at the age of 1 or 2. Since then a long odyssey has taken the black and white seafarer from Canada to Mexico to the United States. In 1982 he was moved to an amusement park in Ontario. Three years later another park took him to Mexico City. There, the 6.4-meter (21-foot) sea mammal reportedly lived in a cramped pen with an excessively warm temperature. The 1993 film drew attention to his plight, and in 1996 the Free Willy Keiko Foundation moved him to a facility in Newport, Oregon. The foundation has spent over \$12 million on its efforts to repatriate Keiko, and late last year flew the roughly 40,000-pound (18,100-kilogram) creature aboard a C-17 transport plane to his aquatic halfway house near the Wesman Islands. Since his return, he increasingly has shown characteristics of a wild whale, diving more frequently, eating more live fish and generally becoming more active. Keiko still must clear some hurdles before he can be released into the open sea. Trainers plan to give him a simulated stay in the wild this summer. They hope to enclose a larger bay, outfit Keiko with a satellite transmitter, and then take him for a walk. "We'll boat train him so he'll follow a target, and then we can recall him back to the boat if necessary," says Jeff Foster, also of the foundation. "That gives us access out to deeper water." Keiko has had limited contact with other marine mammals, but none of the encounters were close enough to learn much about his ability to interact in the wild. A harbor seal wandered into the pen, but quickly exited after spotting Keiko. "We've had pilot whales and mink whales and harbor porpoises, and we do see a change in behavior," Foster says. "He becomes a lot more vocal. He's a lot more active when these animals do show." The question remains; however, can Keiko relate with other animals in such a way as to ensure his survival? "There's the possibility that freedom may come this summer, but we're not going to do this in a cavalier fashion. It may very well be the following summer," Ratliffe says.  And if Keiko can't adapt, the foundation is prepared to take care of the famous leviathan for remainder of his life at an annual cost of about \$1 million.

Passage B

Cavorting with his trainers Keiko spent his last day at the Oregon Coast aquarium seemingly unaware of the long journey ahead. His handlers had worried that Keiko might balk at going into his medical pool, but shortly after noon he breezed through the door. There were also concerns that he might be nervous about getting into the sling used to raise him out of the pool. To the relief of all Keiko couldn't have been more accommodating. Dave Phillips of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation says, "He's calm, not been vocalizing very much, no wiggling in the sling, a dream come true to see him go in so well, ready to take it home”. Once he was loaded into his so called cradle, the ice brigade got underway. More than a ton of ice was dumped in with Keiko as soon as he was loaded onto the truck. Keeping him cool was one of the most important missions of his handlers on the flight. Through the entire nine hour flight Keiko will be watched closely. 
Dave Phillips says, " We're gonna be monitoring his heart rate, his temperature. His skin has Lanolin to keep it from drying out on the plane." The seven and a half million dollar tank built especially for Keiko is now empty. The aquarium says it will turn it into an alternative attraction now that their biggest star is gone. Hillman Luedderman is a board member of the Oregon Coast Aquarium and he relates his feelings about Keiko leaving, "I have mixed emotions. I think the right thing's being done for Keiko, but we've grown to love him" They're ready to love him in Iceland. Some Icelandic kids were here to see Keiko off. One said, "It's great...it's fantastic" As Keiko's caravan made it's way down the highway, loyal fans lined up to bid a final farewell. Then he was loaded into the mammoth Air force C-17 jet. The plane had a smooth takeoff enroute to the long journey to Iceland. For the world’s most famous whale, a journey some hope is the final chapter of Keiko's captivity.

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

Passage A

Most Icelanders have suffered this year during one of the worst winters ever, but one native who recently returned actually enjoys the weather. Keiko, a killer whale who has spent most of his life in captivity in North America, is adapting well to the semi-wild in a secluded bay and could be released into the open sea as early as this summer. Critics predicted the star of the hit movie "Free Willy" would experience frostbite when he returned to the frigid waters in September. But the rehabilitating whale has proved them wrong. "He's thriving," said Bob Ratliffe of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation. "He's actually energized by the weather the worse it gets. He jumps out of water to get sprayed by the salt spray." Keiko still does tricks or receives handouts occasionally, reminders of life in captivity since 1979. He was captured at the age of 1 or 2. Since then a long odyssey has taken the black and white seafarer from Canada to Mexico to the United States. In 1982 he was moved to an amusement park in Ontario. Three years later another park took him to Mexico City. There, the 6.4-meter (21-foot) sea mammal reportedly lived in a cramped pen with an excessively warm temperature. The 1993 film drew attention to his plight, and in 1996 the Free Willy Keiko Foundation moved him to a facility in Newport, Oregon. The foundation has spent over \$12 million on its efforts to repatriate Keiko, and late last year flew the roughly 40,000-pound (18,100-kilogram) creature aboard a C-17 transport plane to his aquatic halfway house near the Wesman Islands. Since his return, he increasingly has shown characteristics of a wild whale, diving more frequently, eating more live fish and generally becoming more active. Keiko still must clear some hurdles before he can be released into the open sea. Trainers plan to give him a simulated stay in the wild this summer. They hope to enclose a larger bay, outfit Keiko with a satellite transmitter, and then take him for a walk. "We'll boat train him so he'll follow a target, and then we can recall him back to the boat if necessary," says Jeff Foster, also of the foundation. "That gives us access out to deeper water." Keiko has had limited contact with other marine mammals, but none of the encounters were close enough to learn much about his ability to interact in the wild. A harbor seal wandered into the pen, but quickly exited after spotting Keiko. "We've had pilot whales and mink whales and harbor porpoises, and we do see a change in behavior," Foster says. "He becomes a lot more vocal. He's a lot more active when these animals do show." The question remains; however, can Keiko relate with other animals in such a way as to ensure his survival? "There's the possibility that freedom may come this summer, but we're not going to do this in a cavalier fashion. It may very well be the following summer," Ratliffe says.  And if Keiko can't adapt, the foundation is prepared to take care of the famous leviathan for remainder of his life at an annual cost of about \$1 million.

Passage B

Cavorting with his trainers Keiko spent his last day at the Oregon Coast aquarium seemingly unaware of the long journey ahead. His handlers had worried that Keiko might balk at going into his medical pool, but shortly after noon he breezed through the door. There were also concerns that he might be nervous about getting into the sling used to raise him out of the pool. To the relief of all Keiko couldn't have been more accommodating. Dave Phillips of the Free Willy Keiko Foundation says, "He's calm, not been vocalizing very much, no wiggling in the sling, a dream come true to see him go in so well, ready to take it home”. Once he was loaded into his so called cradle, the ice brigade got underway. More than a ton of ice was dumped in with Keiko as soon as he was loaded onto the truck. Keeping him cool was one of the most important missions of his handlers on the flight. Through the entire nine hour flight Keiko will be watched closely. 
Dave Phillips says, " We're gonna be monitoring his heart rate, his temperature. His skin has Lanolin to keep it from drying out on the plane." The seven and a half million dollar tank built especially for Keiko is now empty. The aquarium says it will turn it into an alternative attraction now that their biggest star is gone. Hillman Luedderman is a board member of the Oregon Coast Aquarium and he relates his feelings about Keiko leaving, "I have mixed emotions. I think the right thing's being done for Keiko, but we've grown to love him" They're ready to love him in Iceland. Some Icelandic kids were here to see Keiko off. One said, "It's great...it's fantastic" As Keiko's caravan made it's way down the highway, loyal fans lined up to bid a final farewell. Then he was loaded into the mammoth Air force C-17 jet. The plane had a smooth takeoff enroute to the long journey to Iceland. For the world’s most famous whale, a journey some hope is the final chapter of Keiko's captivity.

Direction: Complete the following sentence by selecting the correct option from the following.

For right handed people what is easier to learn?

PASSAGE 1

Direction: Complete the following sentence by selecting the correct option from the following.

Left handed people are those ______________.

PASSAGE 1

What was there on a hill in the woods?

Read the passage and answer the following question:
Once there were three trees on a hill in the woods. They were discussing their hopes and dreams when the first tree said, "Someday I hope to be a treasure chest. I could be filled with gold, silver and precious gems. I could be decorated with intricate carving and everyone would see the beauty."
Then the second tree said, "Someday I will be a mighty ship. I will take kings and queens across the waters and sail to the corners of the world. Everyone will feel safe in me because of the strength of my hull."
Finally the third tree said, "I want to grow to be the tallest and straightest tree in the forest. People will see me on top of the hill and look up to my branches, and think of the heavens and God and how close to them I am reaching. I will be the greatest tree of all time and people will always remember me."
After a few years of praying that their dreams would come true, a group of woodsmen came upon the trees. When one came to the first tree he said, "This looks like a strong tree, I think I should be able to sell the wood to a carpenter" ... and he began cutting it down. The tree was happy, because he knew that the carpenter would make him into a treasure chest.
At the second tree a woodsman said, "This looks like a strong tree, I should be able to sell it to the shipyard." The second tree was happy because he knew he was on his way to becoming a mighty ship.
When the woodsmen came upon the third tree, the tree was frightened because he knew that if they cut him down his dreams would not come true. One of the woodsmen said, "I don't need anything special from my tree so I'll take this one", and he cut it down.
When the first tree arrived at the carpenters, he was made into a feed box for animals. He was then placed in a barn and filled with hay. This was not at all what he had prayed for. The second tree was cut and made into a small fishing boat. His dreams of being a mighty ship and carrying kings had come to an end. The third tree was cut into large pieces and left alone in the dark. The years went by, and the trees forgot about their dreams.
Then one day, a man and woman came to the barn. She gave birth and they placed the baby in the hay in the feed box that was made from the first tree. The man wished that he could have made a crib for the baby, but this manger would have to do. The tree could feel the importance of this event and knew that it had held the greatest treasure of all time. Years later, a group of men got in the fishing boat made from the second tree. One of them was tired and went to sleep. While they were out on the water, a great storm arose and the tree didn't think it was strong enough to keep the men safe. The men woke the sleeping man, and he stood and said "Peace" and the storm stopped. At this time, the tree knew that it had carried the King of Kings in its boat.
Finally, someone came and got the third tree. It was carried through the streets as the people mocked the man who was carrying it. When they came to a stop, the man was nailed to the tree and raised in the air to die at the top of a hill. When Sunday came, the tree came to realize that it was strong enough to stand at the top of the hill and be as close to God as was possible, because Jesus had been crucified on it.

What did the carpenters do to the 2^nd tree?

Read the passage and answer the following question:
Once there were three trees on a hill in the woods. They were discussing their hopes and dreams when the first tree said, "Someday I hope to be a treasure chest. I could be filled with gold, silver and precious gems. I could be decorated with intricate carving and everyone would see the beauty."
Then the second tree said, "Someday I will be a mighty ship. I will take kings and queens across the waters and sail to the corners of the world. Everyone will feel safe in me because of the strength of my hull."
Finally the third tree said, "I want to grow to be the tallest and straightest tree in the forest. People will see me on top of the hill and look up to my branches, and think of the heavens and God and how close to them I am reaching. I will be the greatest tree of all time and people will always remember me."
After a few years of praying that their dreams would come true, a group of woodsmen came upon the trees. When one came to the first tree he said, "This looks like a strong tree, I think I should be able to sell the wood to a carpenter" ... and he began cutting it down. The tree was happy, because he knew that the carpenter would make him into a treasure chest.
At the second tree a woodsman said, "This looks like a strong tree, I should be able to sell it to the shipyard." The second tree was happy because he knew he was on his way to becoming a mighty ship.
When the woodsmen came upon the third tree, the tree was frightened because he knew that if they cut him down his dreams would not come true. One of the woodsmen said, "I don't need anything special from my tree so I'll take this one", and he cut it down.
When the first tree arrived at the carpenters, he was made into a feed box for animals. He was then placed in a barn and filled with hay. This was not at all what he had prayed for. The second tree was cut and made into a small fishing boat. His dreams of being a mighty ship and carrying kings had come to an end. The third tree was cut into large pieces and left alone in the dark. The years went by, and the trees forgot about their dreams.
Then one day, a man and woman came to the barn. She gave birth and they placed the baby in the hay in the feed box that was made from the first tree. The man wished that he could have made a crib for the baby, but this manger would have to do. The tree could feel the importance of this event and knew that it had held the greatest treasure of all time. Years later, a group of men got in the fishing boat made from the second tree. One of them was tired and went to sleep. While they were out on the water, a great storm arose and the tree didn't think it was strong enough to keep the men safe. The men woke the sleeping man, and he stood and said "Peace" and the storm stopped. At this time, the tree knew that it had carried the King of Kings in its boat.
Finally, someone came and got the third tree. It was carried through the streets as the people mocked the man who was carrying it. When they came to a stop, the man was nailed to the tree and raised in the air to die at the top of a hill. When Sunday came, the tree came to realize that it was strong enough to stand at the top of the hill and be as close to God as was possible, because Jesus had been crucified on it.

What was placed on the hay in the feed box?

Read the passage and answer the following question:
Once there were three trees on a hill in the woods. They were discussing their hopes and dreams when the first tree said, "Someday I hope to be a treasure chest. I could be filled with gold, silver and precious gems. I could be decorated with intricate carving and everyone would see the beauty."
Then the second tree said, "Someday I will be a mighty ship. I will take kings and queens across the waters and sail to the corners of the world. Everyone will feel safe in me because of the strength of my hull."
Finally the third tree said, "I want to grow to be the tallest and straightest tree in the forest. People will see me on top of the hill and look up to my branches, and think of the heavens and God and how close to them I am reaching. I will be the greatest tree of all time and people will always remember me."
After a few years of praying that their dreams would come true, a group of woodsmen came upon the trees. When one came to the first tree he said, "This looks like a strong tree, I think I should be able to sell the wood to a carpenter" ... and he began cutting it down. The tree was happy, because he knew that the carpenter would make him into a treasure chest.
At the second tree a woodsman said, "This looks like a strong tree, I should be able to sell it to the shipyard." The second tree was happy because he knew he was on his way to becoming a mighty ship.
When the woodsmen came upon the third tree, the tree was frightened because he knew that if they cut him down his dreams would not come true. One of the woodsmen said, "I don't need anything special from my tree so I'll take this one", and he cut it down.
When the first tree arrived at the carpenters, he was made into a feed box for animals. He was then placed in a barn and filled with hay. This was not at all what he had prayed for. The second tree was cut and made into a small fishing boat. His dreams of being a mighty ship and carrying kings had come to an end. The third tree was cut into large pieces and left alone in the dark. The years went by, and the trees forgot about their dreams.
Then one day, a man and woman came to the barn. She gave birth and they placed the baby in the hay in the feed box that was made from the first tree. The man wished that he could have made a crib for the baby, but this manger would have to do. The tree could feel the importance of this event and knew that it had held the greatest treasure of all time. Years later, a group of men got in the fishing boat made from the second tree. One of them was tired and went to sleep. While they were out on the water, a great storm arose and the tree didn't think it was strong enough to keep the men safe. The men woke the sleeping man, and he stood and said "Peace" and the storm stopped. At this time, the tree knew that it had carried the King of Kings in its boat.
Finally, someone came and got the third tree. It was carried through the streets as the people mocked the man who was carrying it. When they came to a stop, the man was nailed to the tree and raised in the air to die at the top of a hill. When Sunday came, the tree came to realize that it was strong enough to stand at the top of the hill and be as close to God as was possible, because Jesus had been crucified on it.

What did the carpenters do to the 3^rd tree?

Read the passage and answer the following question:
Once there were three trees on a hill in the woods. They were discussing their hopes and dreams when the first tree said, "Someday I hope to be a treasure chest. I could be filled with gold, silver and precious gems. I could be decorated with intricate carving and everyone would see the beauty."
Then the second tree said, "Someday I will be a mighty ship. I will take kings and queens across the waters and sail to the corners of the world. Everyone will feel safe in me because of the strength of my hull."
Finally the third tree said, "I want to grow to be the tallest and straightest tree in the forest. People will see me on top of the hill and look up to my branches, and think of the heavens and God and how close to them I am reaching. I will be the greatest tree of all time and people will always remember me."
After a few years of praying that their dreams would come true, a group of woodsmen came upon the trees. When one came to the first tree he said, "This looks like a strong tree, I think I should be able to sell the wood to a carpenter" ... and he began cutting it down. The tree was happy, because he knew that the carpenter would make him into a treasure chest.
At the second tree a woodsman said, "This looks like a strong tree, I should be able to sell it to the shipyard." The second tree was happy because he knew he was on his way to becoming a mighty ship.
When the woodsmen came upon the third tree, the tree was frightened because he knew that if they cut him down his dreams would not come true. One of the woodsmen said, "I don't need anything special from my tree so I'll take this one", and he cut it down.
When the first tree arrived at the carpenters, he was made into a feed box for animals. He was then placed in a barn and filled with hay. This was not at all what he had prayed for. The second tree was cut and made into a small fishing boat. His dreams of being a mighty ship and carrying kings had come to an end. The third tree was cut into large pieces and left alone in the dark. The years went by, and the trees forgot about their dreams.
Then one day, a man and woman came to the barn. She gave birth and they placed the baby in the hay in the feed box that was made from the first tree. The man wished that he could have made a crib for the baby, but this manger would have to do. The tree could feel the importance of this event and knew that it had held the greatest treasure of all time. Years later, a group of men got in the fishing boat made from the second tree. One of them was tired and went to sleep. While they were out on the water, a great storm arose and the tree didn't think it was strong enough to keep the men safe. The men woke the sleeping man, and he stood and said "Peace" and the storm stopped. At this time, the tree knew that it had carried the King of Kings in its boat.
Finally, someone came and got the third tree. It was carried through the streets as the people mocked the man who was carrying it. When they came to a stop, the man was nailed to the tree and raised in the air to die at the top of a hill. When Sunday came, the tree came to realize that it was strong enough to stand at the top of the hill and be as close to God as was possible, because Jesus had been crucified on it.

What were they discussing?

Read the passage and answer the following question:
Once there were three trees on a hill in the woods. They were discussing their hopes and dreams when the first tree said, "Someday I hope to be a treasure chest. I could be filled with gold, silver and precious gems. I could be decorated with intricate carving and everyone would see the beauty."
Then the second tree said, "Someday I will be a mighty ship. I will take kings and queens across the waters and sail to the corners of the world. Everyone will feel safe in me because of the strength of my hull."
Finally the third tree said, "I want to grow to be the tallest and straightest tree in the forest. People will see me on top of the hill and look up to my branches, and think of the heavens and God and how close to them I am reaching. I will be the greatest tree of all time and people will always remember me."
After a few years of praying that their dreams would come true, a group of woodsmen came upon the trees. When one came to the first tree he said, "This looks like a strong tree, I think I should be able to sell the wood to a carpenter" ... and he began cutting it down. The tree was happy, because he knew that the carpenter would make him into a treasure chest.
At the second tree a woodsman said, "This looks like a strong tree, I should be able to sell it to the shipyard." The second tree was happy because he knew he was on his way to becoming a mighty ship.
When the woodsmen came upon the third tree, the tree was frightened because he knew that if they cut him down his dreams would not come true. One of the woodsmen said, "I don't need anything special from my tree so I'll take this one", and he cut it down.
When the first tree arrived at the carpenters, he was made into a feed box for animals. He was then placed in a barn and filled with hay. This was not at all what he had prayed for. The second tree was cut and made into a small fishing boat. His dreams of being a mighty ship and carrying kings had come to an end. The third tree was cut into large pieces and left alone in the dark. The years went by, and the trees forgot about their dreams.
Then one day, a man and woman came to the barn. She gave birth and they placed the baby in the hay in the feed box that was made from the first tree. The man wished that he could have made a crib for the baby, but this manger would have to do. The tree could feel the importance of this event and knew that it had held the greatest treasure of all time. Years later, a group of men got in the fishing boat made from the second tree. One of them was tired and went to sleep. While they were out on the water, a great storm arose and the tree didn't think it was strong enough to keep the men safe. The men woke the sleeping man, and he stood and said "Peace" and the storm stopped. At this time, the tree knew that it had carried the King of Kings in its boat.
Finally, someone came and got the third tree. It was carried through the streets as the people mocked the man who was carrying it. When they came to a stop, the man was nailed to the tree and raised in the air to die at the top of a hill. When Sunday came, the tree came to realize that it was strong enough to stand at the top of the hill and be as close to God as was possible, because Jesus had been crucified on it.