Environmental Studies ยท Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,737 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of supporting service provided by ecosystems?

  1. Water cycling

  2. Gas regulation

  3. Habitat provision

  4. Food production
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Food production is a provisioning service provided by ecosystems, not a supporting service.

Multiple choice

The provision of shelter and resources for plants and animals is called:

  1. Habitat provision

  2. Biodiversity conservation

  3. Ecosystem structure

  4. Species richness
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Habitat provision is the process by which ecosystems provide shelter and resources for plants and animals, enabling them to survive and reproduce.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a supporting service provided by ecosystems?

  1. Pollination

  2. Water purification

  3. Erosion control

  4. Recreation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Recreation is a cultural service provided by ecosystems, not a supporting service.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a supporting service provided by ecosystems?

  1. Nutrient cycling

  2. Soil formation

  3. Pollination

  4. Waste disposal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Waste disposal is a cultural service provided by ecosystems, not a supporting service.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a supporting service provided by ecosystems?

  1. Nutrient cycling

  2. Soil formation

  3. Pollination

  4. Education
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Education is a cultural service provided by ecosystems, not a supporting service.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a typical metric used to measure biodiversity?

  1. Species richness

  2. Species evenness

  3. Species diversity

  4. Species dominance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Species dominance is typically not considered to be a metric used to measure biodiversity.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a typical metric used to measure ecosystem functioning?

  1. Primary production

  2. Decomposition

  3. Nutrient cycling

  4. Water filtration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Water filtration is typically not considered to be a metric used to measure ecosystem functioning.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a typical metric used to measure biodiversity?

  1. Species richness

  2. Species evenness

  3. Species diversity

  4. Species dominance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Species dominance is typically not considered to be a metric used to measure biodiversity.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the number of different species in a community?

  1. Species richness

  2. Species diversity

  3. Species abundance

  4. Species composition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Species richness refers to the number of different species present in a community.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a measure of the relative abundance of different species in a community?

  1. Species richness

  2. Species diversity

  3. Species abundance

  4. Species composition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Species abundance refers to the relative number of individuals of each species in a community.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the variety of species and their relative abundances in a community?

  1. Species richness

  2. Species diversity

  3. Species abundance

  4. Species composition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Species diversity encompasses both species richness and species abundance, providing a more comprehensive measure of community structure.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the spatial distribution of species within a community?

  1. Species distribution

  2. Species range

  3. Species density

  4. Species composition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Species distribution refers to the spatial arrangement of species within a community, including their abundance and location.

Multiple choice

Which of the following factors can influence the species composition of a community?

  1. Climate

  2. Habitat type

  3. Resource availability

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Climate, habitat type, and resource availability are all factors that can influence the species composition of a community.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the process by which species adapt to different environmental conditions within a community?

  1. Ecological niche

  2. Habitat specialization

  3. Resource partitioning

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ecological niche, habitat specialization, and resource partitioning are all terms used to describe the process by which species adapt to different environmental conditions within a community.

Multiple choice

What is the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely?

  1. Carrying capacity

  2. Population density

  3. Birth rate

  4. Death rate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carrying capacity is the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, water, and other resources available.