Computer Networks

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite to link devices worldwide. A header is data at the beginning of a packet or file, a homepage is the main page of a website, and Internet Protocol (IP) is a set of rules governing data routing.

A 'network' is a group or system of interconnected people or things, making 'connected system' the correct definition.

LAN stands for Local Area Network, which connects computers and devices within a limited geographical area such as a home, school, or office building. Other options like Lone Area Network or Long Area National are incorrect terms.

Disconnecting the host from the network is an immediate way to isolate the device and observe if the network traffic flood stops. If the network performance improves immediately after disconnection, it confirms that the specific host was the source of the traffic.

To "download" means to copy data or files from a remote server or computer system to a local device. While "transfer" (misspelled as "Tranfer" in the options) is a general term for moving data, "download" specifically fits the action of retrieving files from another system.

Laptop internal expansion cards, such as wireless network adapters, typically use the Mini-PCIe or newer M.2 form factor. USB and IEEE1394 (FireWire) are external interfaces, while Bluetooth is a wireless standard rather than an expansion slot interface.

PCI Express (PCIe) utilizes high-speed serial connections called lanes to transmit data, allowing for much higher bandwidth than older parallel standards. PCI, PCI-X, and AGP are older expansion slot standards that rely on parallel communication.

A network hub is a legacy device that lacks the intelligence to route traffic, so it broadcasts all incoming data packets to every connected port. Switches and routers are more advanced devices that direct traffic only to the intended recipient.

Modern PCI Express video cards feature HDMI and DisplayPort outputs, which are designed to transmit high-definition video and multi-channel audio simultaneously. Other expansion cards, like LAN or RAID cards, do not handle direct audio and video output.

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks, most commonly connecting a local area network (LAN) to a wide area network (WAN) like the Internet. While it can connect LANs together, its primary consumer role is linking the home network to the external internet.

WLAN stands for Wireless Local Area Network, which is a local area network that uses wireless communication (typically Wi-Fi) to link devices.

E-mail is a system for sending and receiving messages over electronic communication networks, primarily the Internet.